Term
| What are the links between genotype and phenotype? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
the process by which DNA directs protein synthesis
includes transcription and translation |
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Term
| one gene-one enzyme hypothesis |
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Definition
stated that each gene dictates production of a specific enzyme
revised this to be the one gene-one protein because not all proteins are enzymes |
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Term
| Define transcription and translation |
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Definition
transcription - the synthesis of RNA from DNA
translation - the synthesis of a polypeptide which occurs under the direction of mRNA |
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Term
| In prokaryotes, mRNA produced by transcription is translated immediately. What about in eukaryotes? |
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Definition
| the nuclear envelope separates transcription from translation....primary RNA transcripts are modified through rNA processing to yield finished mRNA |
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Term
| How many amino acids are used when assembling proteins |
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Definition
20 amino acids
4 nucleotide bases |
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Term
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Definition
| Sequence of three nucleotides in a DNA or messenger RNA molecule that represents the instruction for incorporation of a specific amino acid into a growing polypeptide chain |
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Term
| During transcription one of the two DNA strands is called the ___ ____. It provides a template for the sequence of nucleotides in an RNA transcript |
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Definition
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Term
| in translation codons along an mRNA molecule are read by in the __ to ___ direction. |
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Definition
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Term
| How many codons are there? |
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Definition
64
61 code for amino acids
3 are stop codons signaling to end translation |
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Term
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Definition
| separates the DNA strands and joins the RNA nucleotides together |
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Term
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Definition
| nucleotide sequence in DNA to which RNA polymerase binds to begin transcription |
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Term
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Definition
| the sequence signaling the end of transcription |
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