Term
| how manyh domestic violence fatalities in erie and miagara counties in the past 3 years |
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Definition
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Term
| How many calls per year to Erie county police reporting an incidence of domestic violence? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are three effective tips for helping someone in an abusive relationship? |
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Definition
1. ask them about it
2. do not judge, critcize, or denigrate the perpetrator
3. be prepared for them to return to the relationship, but ask again later |
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Term
| evolutionary theory on love by kenrick and trost |
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Definition
passionate love has evolved as an innate behaviour to ensure strong pair bonding and thereby a secure family unit in which to nurture the young
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Term
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Definition
-lesbian couples have higher relationship satisfaction than gay, hetero or hetero with children couples
-gay couples have higher satisfaction than hetero couples with children (not staistically different than hetero without children)
-lesbian and gay relationship satisfaction is stable over time, satisfaction of hetero couples with no children dips down until about year 7 and then is stable, relationship satisfaction of hetero couples with children dips at beginning and then again around year 7 |
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Term
| apa stance on cause of homosexuality |
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Definition
| many reasons for a persons sexual orientation and the reasons may be different for different reasons |
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Term
| main findings of reading 24: attribution processes in distressed and nondistressed couples: responsibility for marital problems |
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Definition
distressed couples are more likely to see the partner as the source of difficulties, perceive causes as more global, and consider causes as feflective of their spouses's negative attitude towards them
attributions-what we attribute are what we attribute as the cause of a behavior on what do we blame the behavior |
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Term
main findings Keenan and Miller Adolescent Psychosocial Risk Factors for Severe Intimate Partner Violence
in Young Adulthood
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Definition
depression at age 15 predicted victimization by age 20
-maternal depression predicted violence perpetration in women
-poor social functioning mediated both findings |
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Term
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Definition
based in control and it is constant, escalating, and almost exclusively male
most often encountered in domestic violence shelters |
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Term
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Definition
can happen recurrently, but it is not as often as patriarchal terrorism, based more in anger than in control
perpetrators are just as likely to be women
often reciprocated
survey data usually captures common couple violence |
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Term
| Main findings from busseri and chalmers : same sex attraction and successful adolescent development |
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Definition
exclusively hetero teens best developmental functioning, and bisexual teens the worst but difference were not as big as they expected
no differences between any group for ratings of friendships and school culture |
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Term
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Definition
affect-the emotions that are influenced by another persons actions or emotions
behavior-when the behavior changes because of a person
cognition- when someone says or thinks of them as a unit instead of you and me |
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Term
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Definition
| downward spiral- problems lead to seeing the partner more negatively which leads to more problems which leads to seeing the partner more negatively |
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Term
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Definition
| actively looking for the negative in every situation or behavior (definitely plays into the conflict cascade) |
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Term
| sexual satisfaction in long term relationships |
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Definition
88% of married heterosexual individuals report sexual satisfaction (similar stats for gay men and lesbians in long term relationships)
the frequency of sex is positively correlated with general relationship satisfaction
sexual satisfaction (which is only loosely correlated with frequency or sex) is even more highly correlated with general relationship satisfaction |
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Term
| psychological correlations of sexual dysfunctioning |
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Definition
-relationship problems
-sociocultural standards about sex
-religious views about sex
- lack of education about sex
-stressors
-traumas
-lack of communication |
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Term
| diagnostic criteria for paraphilias |
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Definition
| recurrent, intense sexual urges, behaviors or fanasies about unusual objects, activities or situations that cause significant DISTRESS or IMPAIRMENT, have lasted at LEAST 6 months |
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Term
| conditioned response theory to paraphilias |
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Definition
ex:
conditioned stimulus-stockings
unconditioned response to sex-arousal
if paired together then eventually
stockings-conditioned stimulus
conditioned response to stockings- arousal |
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Term
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Definition
increased blood flow and blood pressure to the genital area, responsible for male erection
vaso-vessel
congestion-crowding or excessive accumulation |
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Term
| findings of lanstrom 2010 twin study |
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Definition
how homosexuality developes for male percentages from highest to lowest were mostly individual environment, genetics, then shared environment
for females percentages from highest to lowest is individual environment, genetics, then shared environment
genetics seem to account for less in females than in males |
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Term
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Definition
| broad understanding that an individual has of ALL aspects of his or her sexuality |
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Term
| sexual orientation identity |
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Definition
| self understanding of being sexually and romantically attracted to males, females, or both |
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Term
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Definition
tendency to experience emotional, romantic, or sexual attration to males, females, or both
independent of self perception |
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Term
| individual sexual identity |
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Definition
| recognition and acceptance of ones sexual needs, preferences, values, orientation identity, and preferred modes of sexual expression and activities |
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Term
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Definition
| group membership identity - heterosexual, gay, lesbian, bi |
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Term
| genetic chromosome link to sexual orientation |
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Definition
gay men have higher liklihood of having gay relatives on maternal side that on paternal side leading some to speculate any genetic component may be on the x chromosome
-13% of mothers with one gay son and 23%of mothers with two gay sons have extreme skewing of x chromosome inactivation as opposed to 4% of mothers with no gay sons |
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Term
| biology and sexual orientation |
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Definition
each older brother increases the odds of a man being gay by 33%
- possibly due to HY antigens produced by male fetuses
-mothers body may produce HY antibodies which then attack HY preventing them from performing some functions
evidence is very shaky |
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Term
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Definition
family members who do not have children may provide extra resources for those who do
hetero twin with gay brothers have more sexual partners than those with hetro brothers
female relatives of homosexual men have significantly more offspring than those of hetero men |
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Term
| 5 stages of Masters and Johnsons model of human sexual responses |
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Definition
desire
excitement
plateau
orgasm
resolution |
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Term
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Definition
| -dopamine levels rise, inhibits prolactin production, males produce 10-15x more testosterone |
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Term
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Definition
Erection of nipples
}Vaginal lubrication
}Vasocongestion of vaginal walls
}Erection of clitoris and labia
}Elevation of cervix and uterus
}Expansion of the back of the vagina
}Change of shape, color and size of labia majora and labia minora
}Pupil Dilation
}Increased heartrate and respiration |
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Term
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Definition
}Penile tumescence (swelling) and erection
}The veins in the penis may become more prominent
}Tightening and/or retraction of the foreskin often exposing the glans penis
}Emission of pre-ejaculatory fluid
}Swelling of the teste
}Ascension of the testes
}Tensing and thickening of the scrotum
}Pupil dilation
}Increased heartrate and respiration |
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Term
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Definition
}Increased circulation and heartrate
}Increased pleasure and stimulation
}Males
◦Urethral sphincter contracts
◦Muscles at the base of the penis begin to rhythmically contract
}Females
◦Areola and labia further increase in size
◦Clitoris withdraws slightly
◦Pubococcygeus muscle contracts constricting vaginal diameter |
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Term
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Definition
in males-
}Rapid, rhythmic contractions of the anal sphincter, the prostate, and the muscles of the penis
}Contraction of the sphincter and prostate force semen out
}Lasts 3-10 seconds
in women -
}Her uterus, vagina, anus, and pelvic muscles contract rhythmically
}Lasts an average of 20 seconds
}Norepinephrine promotes orgasm
}Serotonin inhibits orgasm
}Oxytocin increased at orgasm
◦Inhibits fear and anxiety
◦Increases trust and bonding
}Prolactin levels increase dramatically
◦Possibly signals ‘enough’
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Term
| Vaginal photoplethysmograph |
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Definition
| fits into the vagina and has a light and photocell to record blood volume in the vaginal walls. |
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Term
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Definition
| fits around base of penis. Measures change in circumference of penis. |
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Term
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Definition
◦Measuring temperature changes in genital regions
◦Doesn’t require physical contact with the body
◦Women’s self-reports of arousal correlate with thermography results to a much higher degree than with vasocongestion
◦Thermography results suggest that both men and women take an average of 10 minutes to reach peak sexual arousal
A lot of individual variation on this measure |
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Term
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Definition
}Male
◦Very specific response
◦Target of desire must be present
◦May explain differential prevalence of fetishes in males
◦Takes a little longer
}Female
◦Generalized sexual response
◦Within Seconds |
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Term
| Byrne’s model of sexual arousal |
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Definition
Imagination
external stimulus physiological activation |
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Term
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Definition
}Unconditioned stimuli
}Conditioned Stimuli
}Observing sexual behavior
◦Erotica – visual or not
◦Linked with imagination
◦Can be an unconditioned or conditioned response
◦Attractiveness, novelty, and motor expression (actually DOING something) increases arousal |
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Term
| comorbidity with paraphilias |
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Definition
Relationship problems
Reduced Intimacy
Multiple paraphilias
Personality disorders
Other Axis I disorders
¡Anxiety
¡Depression |
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Term
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Definition
Poor relationships- Research suggests sexual deviance correlated with poor social skills, poor attachment skills, intimacy problems
Lowered inhibition
¡Cause or effect?
¡Many paraphiliacs purposefully lower inhibition through rationalization
÷Not hurting anyone (fettishism or voyeurism)
÷She will enjoy it (frotteurism)
÷I’m teaching him about sex (paedophilia) |
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