Details Title: 2130: Lab Exam 2, ex 36 and 37 Description: respiratory system Total Flash Cards: 34 Created: 03/02/2007 16:01:40		New Users: To study from this flashcard set, or to create your own your own study flash cards, REGISTER HERE. Existing Users: CLICK HERE. Additional Anatomy Flashcards
Cards in this set: Term respiratory system Definition major role: to supply the body with oxygen and dispose of carbon dioxide, comprised of four distinct processes Term Pulmonary ventilation Definition air movement in and out of lungs so that the gases in the alveoli are contiuously changed and refreshed. aka: ventilation, breathing Term External respiration Definition the gas exchange between the blood and the air-filed chambers of the lungs (oxygen loading/carbon dioxide unloading) Term Transport of respiratory gases Definition the transport of respiratory gases b/t the lkungs and tissue cells of the body accomplished by the cardiovasular system, using blood as the transport vehicle. Term Internal respiration Definition exchange of gases b/t systemic blood and tissue cells oxygen unloading/CO2 unloading Term external nares Definition nostrils Term nasal cavity Definition divided by the nasal septum Term inferior, superior and middle nasal conchae Definition lobelike structures which increase the air turbulence, Term paranasal sinuses Definition surround the nasal cavity, in the frontal sphenoid, ethmoid, and maxillary bones. Act as resonance chambers in speech and the mucosae warm and moisten the incoming air. Term hard and soft palates Definition separate the nasal passages from the oral cavity Term cleft palate Definition failure of the palatine bones and/or the palatine processes of the maxillary bones to fuse medially, causes difficulty in breathing and oral cavity functions such as sucking, mastication, and speech. Term pharynx Definition connects the nasal and oral cavities to the larynx and esophagus inferiorly, has three parts Term nasopharynx Definition lies posterior to the nasal cavity and is continuous with it via the posterior nasal aperture, aka the internal nares. an air passage Term pharyngeal tonsil Definition masses of lymphoid tissue that help to protect the respiratory passages from invading pathogens. Term pharyngotympanic tubes Definition allow middle ear presure to become equalized to atmospheric pressure Term otitis media Definition caused by nasal infections Term larynx Definition consists of nine cartilages. The two most prominent are the large shield-shaped thyroid cartilage and cricoid Term thyroid cartilage Definition adams apple Term cricoid cartilage Definition below thyroid cartilage, bigger on the sides than in the front. Term epiglottis Definition a flexible elastic cartilage located superior to the opening of the pharynx. Term arytenoid cartilages Definition attatched to vocal folds by vocal ligaments. Term hilus Definition an indented area where the bronchi plunge into the lungs Term C-shaped cartilaginous rings Definition allow the esophagus to expand while reinforcing the trachea walls to maintain an open passageway. Term bronchial sounds Definition produced by air rushing through the large respiratory passageways Term vesicular breathing sounds Definition sounds of air filling the alveolar sacs and resembles the sound of a rustling or muffled breeze. Term tidal volume (tv) Definition amount of air inhaled or exhaled with each breath under resting conditions (500mL) Term Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) Definition Amount of air that can be forcefully inhaled after a normal tidal volume inhalation (3100 mL) Term Expiratory reserve volume (ERV) Definition Amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a normal tidal volume inhalation (1200) Term Vital Capacity (VC) Definition Maximum amount of air that can be exhaled after a maximal inspiration (4800mL) VC = TV + IRV + ERV Term spirometer Definition measures respiratory volumes, can be "dry" or "wet" Term minute respiratory volume Definition MRV= TV x respirations/mi=______ mL/min Term emphysema Definition a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Term FVC Definition forced vital capacity: measures the amount of gas expelled when the subject takes the deepest possible breath and then exhales forcefully and rapidly. Term FEVt Definition forced expiratory volume: percentage of the vital capacity that is exhaled during specific time intervals of the FVC test. FEV1 is the amount exhaled during the first second. 75-85% can be exhaled in first second.