Details Title: 20th century Description: FDR 2nd term to 'Nam Total Flash Cards: 110 Created: 05/04/2009 10:56:07		New Users: To study from this flashcard set, or to create your own your own study flash cards, REGISTER HERE. Existing Users: CLICK HERE. Additional History Flashcards
Cards in this set: Term Black Thursday Definition October 24, 1929 panic-rescued by a bunch of bankers who bought stocks to bring the prices back up Term Black Tuesday Definition October 29, 1929 news spreads of the Black Tuesday save and the market tanks again Term Causes of the Depression Definition Overproduction/Underconsumption, Corporate Debt,Speculation, Lack of Recovery in Farming, International Problems Term POUR Definition President’s Organization on Unemployment Relief–Asked for private donations for relief, but not very successful. Term Hoover/Grand Coulee Dams Definition This was more successful, as Hoover’s encouragement of public works did indeed provide new jobs. Term Federal Farm Board Definition The FFB lent money to cooperatives so they could buy crops and thus keep them off the market. Term Reconstruction Finance Corporation Definition Theoretically, through lending money to groups at the top of the economy, the RFC was going to help people all over via filter-down system, but it didn’t work. Term Hawley-Smoot Tariff Definition raised tariffs ultra high and therefore totally killed off foreign trade Term Revenue Act of 1932 Definition decreased expenditures and increased taxes Term Presidential Election of 1932 Definition Hoover-(R)vs. FDR-(D) FDR wins Term Bonus Army Definition WWI vets marched to Washington to ask for their pensions and had the army turn on them Term Emergency Banking Relief Bill Definition reopening of solvent banks and the reorganization of screwed up ones, and prohibited the hoarding of gold Term Economy Act Definition balanced the budget by reducing veterans’ pensions and federal employees’ pay Term Fireside Chats Definition began in March 1933, and began with a message urging Americans to return their savings to banks Term Beer-Wine Revenue Act Definition deflationary measure imposed new taxes on the sale of wines/beers Term Twenty-First Amendment Definition Repeal of prohibition Term Agricultural Adjustment Act Definition restore farmers’ purchasing power; gov’t pay farmers to reduce the amount of crops sold Term Farm Credit Act & Home Owners Refinancing Act Definition FCA provided short/medium loans to farmers so that they could keep their land, and the HORA helped home mortgages Term National Recovery Administration Definition regulated business through establishing fair production codes, limiting production and pricing, and guaranteeing the right of workers to unionize and bargain collectively Term Federal Securities Act & Banking Act of 1933 Definition FSA enforced rules among brokers, and the Banking Act set up the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Term Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Definition to insure bank deposits Term Taylor Act Definition established federal supervision of public lands Term American Liberty League Definition conservative Democrats and corporation leaders-believed New Deal was destroying American individualistic tradition Term Commodity Credit Corporation Definition lent farmers money for keeping under-priced crops off the market Term Father Charles Coughlin Definition Roman Catholic priest who specialized in anti-communism, anti-capitalism, and Antisemitism Term Francis Townsend Definition Old Age Revolving Pensions Plan Term Huey Long Definition Share Our Wealth Society-100% tax rate on incomes over a million was assassinated Term Second New Deal Definition bashed business more than first New Deal Term Emergency Relief Appropriation Act Definition public works projects of the unemployed Term Works Progress/Projects Administration Definition major public works organization also sponsored cultural programs that brought art to people by employing artists Term Wagner Act Definition established the National Labor Relations Board Term National Labor Relations Board Definition empowered to guarantee democratic union elections and stop unfair labor practices Term Social Security Act Definition established old-age insurance in which workers paid taxes out of their wages Term Presidential Election of 1936 Definition FDR vs. Alf Landon FDR wins-FDR’s supporters known as New Deal Coalition-consisted of urban, immigrant workers, organized labor, “Solid South,” and northern blacks Term John L. Lewis Definition quits AFL and forms Coalition for Industrial Organization Term Memorial Day Massacre Definition strikers in front of Republic Steel plant in Chicago shot by police in 1937 Term Scottsboro Trial Definition 1937-Nine black teens arrested for throwing white hobos off a train then accused and convicted by white jury of rape Term Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters and Harlem Tenants League Definition fought for civil rights and attacked discrimination Term Black Cabinet Definition FDR has many black advisers Term March on Washington Movement Definition 1941-leader of Porters Union proposes march on Washington-FDR promises to outlaw discrimination in war industries to get march canceled Term Executive Order No. 8802 Definition Fair Employment Practices Committee established by FDR in exchange for march on Washington being canceled Term Indian Reorganization/Wheeler-Howard Act Definition restored lands to tribal ownership and outlawed its future division Term Washington Conference Definition 1921–1922-delegates from several powers discussed naval disarmament-establishes Nine, Five, and Four Power treaties Term Locarno Pact Definition 1925-used to stop tensions between Germany and France Term Kellogg-Briand Pact Definition 1928-outlawed war Term Webb-Pomerene Act Definition 1918-Excluded companies set up for export trade from antitrust laws Term Edge Act Definition 1919-Allowed American banks to open foreign branches Term Dawes Plan Definition 1924-increased the cycle by providing more loans and reducing the yearly repayment. Term Young Plan Definition 1928-reduced Germany’s reparations Term Johnson Act Definition forbidding loans to gov’ts not paying back Term Johnson Act Definition forbidding loans to gov’ts not paying back Term Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act Definition empowered president to reduce tariffs through special agreements w/foreign countries Term Good Neighbor Policy Definition nice imperialism Term Neutrality Act of 1935 Definition Prohibited arms shipments to either side in a war once the president had declared the existence of belligerency Term Neutrality Act of 1936 Definition No loans to belligerents Term Neutrality Act of 1937 Definition Cash/Carry principle–warring nations trading w/US pay cash for nonmilitary purchases and carry goods in own ships Term Stimson Doctrine Definition no recognition of impairment of China's sovereignty Term Selective Training and Service Act Definition first peacetime draft Term Lend-Lease Act Definition 1941-the British by allowing them to borrow money to buy weapons Term Pearl Harbor Definition December 7, 1941-Japanese surprise attack on US Pacific Fleet Term World War II Definition 1941–1945-We Won Term Teheran Conference Definition December 1943–FDR,Stalin,Churchill meet discuss opening of a second front in the war Term Yalta Conference Definition February 1945-FDR,Stalin,Churchill discussed-Poland, dividing Europe Term Potsdam Conference Definition July 1945-Truman,Churchill,Stalin-disarming germany-end of war industries, unconditional surrender of Japan Term War Production Board Definition 1942-established to convert the economy from civilian to military production Term War Manpower Commission Definition 1942-recruited factory workers Term War Labor/Smith-Connally Act Definition 1943-gave the president authority to seize and operate plants w/strikes if needed Term Taft-Hartley Act Definition 1947-permitted states to ban union-shop agreements Term Presidential Election of 1948 Definition Truman-(D)vs Dewey-(R)vs Henry Wallace-Progressive vs Strom Thurmond-Dixiecrat Truman Wins Term Agricultural Act of 1949 Definition gave farmers 90% of the market price as supports Term GI Bill Definition 1949-Gov. Pays for soldiers college Term Displaced Persons Act Definition allow more refugees into the country Term Douglas MacArthur Definition War Hero of Pacific, Commander in Korea, advocated total war against commies and use of A-bomb, fired by Truman Term Presidential Election of 1952 Definition Eisenhower/NIXON (R) vs Adlai Stevenson Ike Wins Term Atomic Energy Act of 1954 Definition gave private companies the right to use nuclear power Term Presidential Election of 1956 Definition Ike vs Stevenson Ike again Term McCarthyism Definition mass hysteria and overreaction to the idea of the Communist threat Term Alger Hiss Case Definition Alger Hiss accused by confirmed spy Whittaker Chambers of giving classified documents-convicted of perjury Term Julius & Ethel Rosenberg Case Definition 1950-Rosenbergs accused of passing atomic secrets to the USSR and were executed in 1953 Term Communist Control Act Definition 1954-effectively made membership in the Communist Party illegal Term Smith v. Allwright Definition 1944-White-only Democratic Primaries in some states were outlawed Term Morgan v. Virginia Definition 1946-No more segregation in interstate bus transportation Term Shelley v. Kraemer Definition 1948-Outlawed agreements among white not to sell houses to blacks Term Brown v. Board of Education Definition 1954-separate facilities denied kids equal protection under the law Term Civil Rights Act Definition 1957-the US Commission Civil Rights to investigate discrimination-ineffective Term affluent society Definition productivity increased,people wanted more stuff,used consumer credit to keep buying,more profits and paychecks, more consumerism Term Marshall Plan Definition 1947-huge European recovery program-money given to be spent on American products Term National Security Act Definition 1947-created the Office of Secretary of Defense & CIA Term Rio Pact & Organization of American States Definition 1947/1948-Alliances in Latin America, protect American interests, boost the militaries of LA states Term Israel Definition Truman recognizes Israel in 1948-gains ally and Jewish votes Term Berlin Blockade/Airlift Definition 1948-France,GB merge German zones-USSR blocks off Berlin-all western supplies airlifted out Term Point Four Program Definition 1949-3rd world aid program Term NSC-68 Definition 1950-response to Red China and Russian A-bomb, more $$$ to military Term NATO Definition 1949-Western Europe security pact Term Television Definition internet of the 20th century Term Decolonization Definition break down of old-world empires Term Beat Generation Definition rejected conformity and embraced sexuality and drugs Term Baruch Plan Definition US would give up its atomic monopoly if all the world’s fissionable materials were given to an agency Term Truman Doctrine Definition US backs both Greece and Turkey Term X Article Definition Article on containment of Soviet power,confronting USSR anywhere they showed signs of expansion Term Korean War Definition 1950-1953 UN forces settle war in Korea-status quo ante bellum Term CIA Definition used to covertly subvert 3rd world governments Term NASA Definition 1958-response to sputnik-arms race-hydrogen bombs and ICBMs Term Khrushchev’s Ultimatum Definition Khrushchev threatens East German control of Berlin unless talks begin on German reunification and rearmament Term Formosa Resolution Definition 1955-authorized the president to send US forces to defend the islands Term Cuban Revolution Definition 1959-US pawn Batista out-Commie Castro in Term Operation Bootstrap Definition Puerto Rico-companies to invest in tourism and other industries Term Dienbienphu Definition 1954-french forces surrender to Ho Chi Minh Term SEATO Definition NATO of South Pacific Term Vietcong Definition south Vietnamese guerrillas funded by Ho Chi Minh