Term
| What are the four most common elements found in living organisms? |
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Definition
| Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen |
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Term
| What is the role of calcium in plants and animals (different role) |
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Definition
| plants = Co-factor in some enzyme reactions, animals = constituent of bones |
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Term
| What is the role of iron in plants and animals? (same role) |
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Definition
| component of cytochrome pigments |
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Term
| What is the role of phosphorus in plants and animals? (same role) |
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Definition
| A component of ATP and DNA |
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Term
| what are the smallest units for carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids |
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Definition
| carbohydrates = monosacharides, lipids = fatty acids and glycerol, proteins = amino acids, nucleic acids = nucleotides. |
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Term
| What are carbohydrates stored as in plants and animals? (different) |
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Definition
| animals = glycogen, plants = starch |
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Term
| function of the polysaccharides glycogen: |
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Definition
| Carbohydrate store in liver of animals |
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Term
| function of the polysaccharides starch |
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Definition
| Carbohydrate store in plants |
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Term
| function of the polysaccharides cellulose |
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Definition
| Component of plant cell walls |
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Term
| Name two advantages of lipids as energy storage. |
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Definition
| Contain more energy per gram than carbohydrates so are lighter, Insoluble in water so no problems with osmosis |
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Term
| Name two advantages of using carbohydrates as energy storage. |
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Definition
| More easily digested so energy stored is released more rapidly, Soluble in water so easier to transport. |
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Term
| Name 2 examples of nucleic acid in living organisms |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a catabolic reaction, Water molecules are used to split bonds of condensation, reverse of condensation reactions, enzymes are required to catalyze the reactions. |
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