Term
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Definition
- ruled by a king/monarch
- divine right (appointed by God)
- people do not challenge the kind
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Term
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Definition
- ruled by noble, landowning families
- right given by birth
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Term
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Definition
- ruled by a group of few people
- people are educated or wealthy
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Term
What is a democracy?
And what are the two types? |
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Definition
- direct: people directly make choices (slow)
- republic: people directly choose representatives
- 1st republic made by Rome
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Term
| What is a constitutional monarchy? |
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Definition
- laws limit ruler's power
- seen in France and England (English Bill of Rights and Glorious Revolution)
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Term
| What did the Greeks use to make laws? |
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Definition
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Term
| What in Greco-Roman are people stated as equal? |
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Definition
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Term
| What influence did reason have on Greco-Roman government? |
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Definition
| thought that people were reasonable and should rule themselves (democracy) |
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Term
| What were Judeo-Christian laws based on? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why are all people important equal in Judeo-Christian thought? |
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Definition
| all people are made in the eyes of God |
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Term
| What do both Greco-Romans and Judeo-Christians believe in? |
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Definition
- making good decisions
- social progress (improving society)
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Term
Who did Aristotle believe should rule?
Why? |
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Definition
the middle class
they had less to gain than lower class and less to lose than upper class |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Who did Plato think should rule? |
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Definition
"philosopher-kings"
a.k.a. the wise |
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Term
| Who does not like the Enlightenment? |
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Definition
monarchs/kings
&
the church |
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Term
| Why did the Enlightenment challenge the church and government? |
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Definition
| it made people begin to think for themselves |
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Term
| What effects did the Enlightenment have on the people? |
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Definition
- made people think for themselves
- made them more educated
- made people rely more on science
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Term
How were the ideas of the Enlightenment spread?
How did the government try to stop this? |
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Definition
- books (encyclopedia)
- pamphlets
- salons
- printing press
by censoring books |
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Term
| How did John Locke believe people were born? |
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Definition
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Term
| What influence did John Locke have on the Declaration of Independence? |
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Definition
natural rights (unalienable rights):
life
liberty
property
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Term
| What influence did John Locke have on the democratic revolution? |
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Definition
| that you should overthrow a government that does not protect one's natural rights |
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Term
What is due process?
Who came up with it? |
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Definition
a trial must take place for any natural rights to be taken
John Locke |
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Term
| What did Thomas Hobbes believe of people? |
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Definition
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Term
| What government did Thomas Hobbes believe in? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who supported Thomas Hobbes? |
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Definition
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Term
What document did Baron de Montesquieu influence?
How did he influence it? |
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Definition
U.S. Constitution
3 branches of government:
legislative
executive
judicial |
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Term
| What did Jean Jacque Rousseau believe of people? |
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Definition
| they are good and society corrupts them |
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Term
Who wrote the social contract?
What does it say? |
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Definition
Rousseau
people give up rights for a stable society/government |
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Term
What idea did Voltaire come up with?
What documents did it influence? |
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Definition
freedom of speech
- U.S. Bill of Rights
- 1st Amendment of U.S. Constitution
- Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen
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Term
| What kind of government did Mary Wollstonecraft want? |
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Definition
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Term
What did Mary Wollenstonecraft believe?
Did this make her popular? |
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Definition
men and women should be equal
no |
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Term
| What was the first written law for a democracy? |
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Definition
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Term
| What caused the French Revolution? |
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Definition
- taxes
- unlikable king
- starvation
- deficit spending: gov. spending more money that it has
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Term
| What/who cause the deficit spending of France? |
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Definition
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Term
Who was the 1st Estate?
What are some characteristics of it? |
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Definition
clergy
- owned 10% of land
- collected tithes
- didn't have to pay taxes
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Term
Who was the 2nd Estate?
What are some characteristics of it? |
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Definition
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Term
Who was the 3rd Estate?
How much of the population was part of it? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| 3rd Estaters that believed in the Enlightenment |
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Term
| Why did the people of France storm the Bastille? |
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Definition
| looking for gun powder in the jail |
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Term
| What was the first popular protest of Revolution? |
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Definition
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Term
| What became the slogan of the Revolution after the storming of the Bastille? |
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Definition
| "Liberty, Equality, Fraternity" |
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Term
| Why was the Estates General called? |
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Definition
| a proposed tax on the 2nd Estate |
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Term
How many votes does each Estate get at the Estates General?
Why is this unfair? |
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Definition
each Estate gets 1 vote
because the 3rd Estate is 98% of the population and only gets 1 vote |
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Term
| Who made the National Assembly? |
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Definition
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Term
What happens at the meeting of the National Assembly?
What does this lead to? |
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Definition
the king locks the 3rd Estate out
they make the Tennis Court Oath and force king to sign it |
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Term
| What did the Tennis Court Oath lead to? |
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Definition
| the Storming of the Bastille |
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Term
| What does the Storming of the Bastille cause? |
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Definition
| the king signs the Constitution and Declaration |
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Term
| What does the Napoleonic Code do? |
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Definition
- public schools
- reopened churches
- lowered taxes
- loved by people
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Term
| After what battle against who does Napoleon retire? |
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Definition
Battle of Trafalgar
vs.
British |
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Term
| How did Russia defeat France? |
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Definition
used scorched earth
1,000 out of 600,000 men return |
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Term
What is Nationalism?
Who does it make popular? |
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Definition
loving and willing to die for country
Napoleon |
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Term
Why don't the Spanairds like Napoleon?
What does this cause them to do? |
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Definition
he puts a non-Spanish leader in power of Spain
revolt and take Napoleon out of power |
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Term
Who was invited to the Congress of Vienna?
Why was France invited? |
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Definition
- Austria
- France
- Britain
- Prussia
- Russia
to keep peace with France |
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Term
| What were the 3 goals of the Congress of Vienna? |
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Definition
- Contain France (surround it by strong countries)
- balance power between countries
- restore the monarchy and royal families
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Term
What did the Congress of Vienna mainly do?
What did they not deal with? |
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Definition
went back to ways before the Revolution
nationalism |
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Term
What did the Concert of Europe do?
When is this disrupted? |
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Definition
maintained peace for 100 years
1848 Nationalist Revolution |
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