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Definition
| the study of proper action |
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Term
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Definition
| concerns the responsibility of researchers to be honest and respectful to all individuals who are affected by their research studies or their reports of the studies' results. Researchers are goverend by a set of ethical guidelines that assist them to make proper decisions and choose proper action. |
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| researchers have two basic categories of ethical responsibility: |
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Definition
| (1) responsibility to ensure the welfare and dignity of the individuals, both human and nonhuman, who participate in their research studies, and (2) responsibility to ensure that public reports of their research are accurate and honest. |
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| a set of 10 guidelines for the ethical treatment of human participants in research. They laid the groundwork for ethical standards that are in place today for psychological and medical research |
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| summarizes the basic ethical principles identified by the National Commission, that are used as the foundation upon which the federal regulations for protection human participants are based |
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| contails 10 ethical standards, and you should be completely familiar with all aof them before beginning any research wtih human participants. |
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Term
Major Ethical Issues
(APA ethical guidelines concerning human participants in research) |
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Definition
1. No Harm
2. Privacy and confidentiality
3. Institutional Approval
4. Competence
5. Record Keeping
6. Informed consent to research
7. Dispensing with Informed Consent
8. Offering Inducements for Research Participation
9. Deception in Research
10. Debriefing |
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Term
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Definition
| Psychologists take resonable steps to aviod harming their research participants, and to minimize harm where it is foreseeable and unavoidable. When psychologists become aware that research procedures have harmed a participant, they take reasonable steps to minimize the harm |
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| Privacy and Confidentiality |
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Definition
| Psychologists have a primary obligation and take reasonable precaution to protect confidential information. Psychologists discuss with person that relevant limits of confidentiality. Psychologists discuss confidential information only for appropriate scientific or professional purposes, and only with persons clearly concerned with such matters. Psychologists may disclose info with the appropriate consent of the individual or another legally authorized personal on behalf of the participant, unless prohibited by law. |
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Definition
| When institutional approval is requires, psyhcologists provide accurate information about their research proposals and obtain approval proor to conduction the research. They conduct research in accordance with the approved research protocol. |
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Term
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Definition
| Psychologists conduct research with population and in areas only within the boundaries of their competence. Psychologists planning to conduct research involving populations, are, techniques, or technologies new to them understake relevant educatio, training, supervised experience, consultation or study.. PSychologists who delgate work to research assistants take reasonable steps to authorize only those responsibilities that such persons can be expected to perform competently on the basis of their education, training or experience, and see that such personas perform these services completently. |
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Term
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Definition
| Psych. create, and to the extent the record are under their control, maintain, disseminate, store, retain, and dispose of records and data relating to their scientific work in order to allow for replication of research design and analyses and meet institutinal requirements. Psych. maintain confidentiality in creating..... disposing under their control |
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Term
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Definition
| participation must be fully voluntary, this implies complete understanding of the risk and benefits. The experiment must be explained in clear, layman's terms. |
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Term
| Dispensing with Informed Consent |
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Definition
Psych. may dispense with informed consent only (1) where research would not reasonably be assumed to create distress or harm, and involved:
1. study of normal educational practices (classroom management techniques)
2. only anonymous questionaires, naturalistic observations, or archival research for which disclosure of responses would not place paricipation at risk of criminal or civil liability or damage.
3. the study of factors related to job or organization effectiveness conducted in orgs settings for which there is no risk to participants employability and confidentiality is protected. |
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Term
| Offering Inducements for Research Participation |
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Definition
| psych. make reasonable efforts to avoid offering excessive or inappropriate financial or other inducements for research participation when such induecements are likely to coerce participation. |
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Term
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Definition
| interfears with informed consent. Often, experimenters withhold a deliberately mislead participants. this may reduce subject bias. Use of deception involved justification, and additionally responsibility to ensure Participant safetly. Additionally, you need to be extra careful. |
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Definition
| psych. provide a promt opportunity for particiapnts to obtain info about the study. If scientific or human values justify delaying or withhilding this info, psych. take rasonable measures to reduce the risk of harm |
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Term
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Definition
| The concept is that clinicians have an ethical reponsibility to rpovide the bet possible treatment for their patients. However, many research studies evaluate and compare different treatment options by randomly assigning patients to different treatments. |
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Term
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Definition
| omission, is the withholding of information; the researcher intentionally does not tell participants some info about the study. |
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Term
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Definition
| commission, is the presenting of misinformation about the study to participants. The most common form of active deception is misleading participants about the specific purpose of the study |
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Term
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Definition
| an ineffective, inert substitute. |
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Term
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Definition
| means that the info and measurements obtained from each participant are not referred to by the participant's name, either during the course of the study or in the written report of the research results. |
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Term
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Definition
| is based on the principles of the Belmont Report and provides a common set of federal regulations for protecting human participants to be used by review boards. |
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Term
| Institutional REview Board (IRB) |
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Definition
| Each institution or agency is required to establish a committee called IRB, which is compsed of both scientists and non scientists. The IRB examines all rpopsed research involving human participants with respeced to seven basic criteria. |
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| Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) |
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Definition
is a committee that examines all proposed research with respect to its treatment of nonhuman subjects. IACUC approval must be obtained prior to conduction any research with non human participants.
-vertebrates only |
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Term
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Definition
| the explicit effort of a researcher to falsify or misrepresent data |
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Term
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Definition
| repetition of a research study using the same basic procedures used in the original. Either the replication will support the original study by duplication the original results, or it will cast doubt on the original study by demonstrating that the origional results is not eaily repeated. |
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