Details Title: 11 Mendel Description: The Work of Gregeor Mendel Total Flash Cards: 27 Created: 07/15/2009 17:42:57		New Users: To study from this flashcard set, or to create your own your own study flash cards, REGISTER HERE. Existing Users: CLICK HERE. Additional Biology Flashcards
Cards in this set: Term genetics Definition the study of heredity Term fertilization Definition during sexual reproduction, male and female reproductive cells join which form a new cell that develops into a tiny embryo Term true-breeding Definition something that is allowed to self-pollinate and produce offspring identical to itself Term trait Definition specific characteristic, such as seed color or plant height Term hybrids Definition offspring of crosses between parents with different traits Term genes Definition the chemical factors that determine traits Term alleles Definition the different forms of a gene Term segregation Definition the separation of alleles Term gametes Definition sex cells Term probability Definition the likelihood that a particular event will occur Term punnett square Definition a diagram that can determine the gene combinations that might result from a genetic cross Term homozygous Definition organisms that have two identical alleles Term heterozygous Definition organisms that have different alleles for the same trait Term phenotype Definition physical characteristic of an organism Term genotype Definition genetic makeup of an organism Term independent assortment Definition when the alleles for a particular trait segregate independently Term incomplete dominance Definition cases in which one allele is not completely dominant over another Term codominance Definition cases in which both alleles contribute to the phenotype Term multiple alleles Definition genes that have more than two alleles Term polygenic traits Definition traits controlled by two or more genes Term homologous Definition two sets of chromosomes - each of the chromosomes from the male has a corresponding chromosome from the female Term diploid Definition a cell that contains both sets of homologous chromosomes (every cell in your body EXCEPT your sex cells) Term haploid Definition cells that only carry one set of genes - your sex cells Term meiosis Definition a process of reduction division in which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through separation of homologous chromosomes in diploid cells - sex cell formation Term tetrad Definition a structure formed from when each chromosome pairs with its corresponding homologous chromosome - in meiosis 1 Term crossing over Definition portions of chromatids exchange in this process which happens during tetrad formation Term gene map Definition a map showing the relative locations of each known gene on chromosomes