Term
| Cardiac Precursor Cell (1) location and (2) derived from__ |
|
Definition
(1) Location- primary cardiogenic field; lateral/caudaly to neural plate ectoderm
(2) Splanchnic mesoderm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Appearance of 2 endothelial lined tubes |
|
|
Term
| Lateral body folding causes: |
|
Definition
| 2 endocardial heart tubes--> single definitive heart tube in ventral midline |
|
|
Term
| Cranio-caudal folding causes: |
|
Definition
Brain to move caudally to oral cavity and brain, ventrally to foregut
BRAIN--HEART--FOREGUT |
|
|
Term
| 2 tubes fuse to become 1 tube via apoptosis. New heart layers are composed of: |
|
Definition
| -Inner endocardium -Middle cardiac jelly -Outer myocardium *Cells near developing liver eventually migrate-->epicardium |
|
|
Term
| Vessels form at the same time and connect to the heart tube. (1) Name the 3 vessels, (2) where their blood originates, and (3) what type of blood it is |
|
Definition
Inflow-caudally
Outflow-cranially
-Vitelline vein- deoxygenated blood from yolk sac
-Cardinal vein- deoxygenated blood from body of embryo
-Umbilical vein- oxygenated blood from placenta |
|
|
Term
| The primitive heart outflow portion, the location where blood exits from, is known as the ___. It connects to the____. |
|
Definition
| Truncus Arteriosus; Aortic Arch Arteries |
|
|
Term
| Truncus Arteriosus develops into the___ and ___ |
|
Definition
| Aorta and Pulmonary trunk |
|
|
Term
| Transverse Pericardial Sinus (1) What does it connect (2) what is it derived from, and (3) Causes what |
|
Definition
(1) Connects parietal and visceral layers of serrous pericardium
(2) Derived from degradation of dorsal mesocardium
(3) Causes heart to go from being held in place by posterior body wall to suspended by vessels attached to both poles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Primitive atrium
2. Right horn of sinus venous |
|
|
Term
| When do the componants of the Left Sinus Horn undergo obliteration |
|
Definition
| Week 5: portion of L. Umbilical Vein and entire L Vitelline vein Week 10: Left Common Cardinal Vein Remnants become Coronary sinus and Oblique vein of left atrium |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Enlarges
-Incorporated into posterior wall of right atrium |
|
|
Term
| Smooth and Rough portion origins of RA |
|
Definition
Primitive atrium-->trebeculated (rough) portion
Maint stem and proximal part reincoporated-->smooth portion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Ductus venosus- liver
2. Ductus arteriosus- lungs
3. Formen ovale- right ventricle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Probe can be passed b/t R and L atria
Present in 25% of people
Usually asymptomatic
May increase risk of migraines |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Resorption of SP in wrong place- hole wrong place
2. Excessive resorption of SP- large hole
3. Defective development of SS
4. Combo of excess resoprtion of SP and large FO
*Manifest:
1.fatigue and SOB
2. Palipitations or atrial dysrythmias- atrial enlargement
3. Systolic murmur due to increased blood flow acorss pulm. valve
4. Diastolic murmur- present with large shunts
Initially asymptomatic
Bigger defect = bigger problem |
|
|
Term
| Bulbus cordis develops into |
|
Definition
Smooth parts of R and L Ventricles
-Conus arteriosus=RV
-Aortic vestibule=LV |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Vitelline arteries eventually lose connection to ___ and connect to ___ |
|
Definition
Vitelline arteries eventually lose connection to YOLK SAC and connect to R OR L DORSAL AORTAE
Then split into:
Coeliac- foregut-T12
SMA- midgut- L1
IMA- hindgut- L3 |
|
|
Term
| Adult umbilical artery derivatives |
|
Definition
Proximal portion of UA:
- Distal segment of Internal Iliac A.
- Superior vesicle A.'s
Distal portion of UA:
- Obliterated- bedial umbilical ligaments
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Left Sinus Horn
- PORTION of L. UV obliterates
- ALL of L. VV obliterates
- L. Sinus Horn rapidly loses function
- Remnants become:
- Coronary sinus and
- Oblique V. of LA
R. Sinus Horn
- Enlarges
- Encorporated into posterior wall of RA
- Becomes smooth part- Sinus Venarum
- Separated from trebeculated part by cristae terminales/sulcus terminales
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Single pulmonary vein develops as outgrowth of posterior wall of LA
- Divides into 4 branches- connect with pulmonary blood vessels
- Main stem and proximal portion of branches reincorporated into LA
- Become smooth portion
- Primitive atrium forms treberculated part
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Defects of fossa ovalis, and include defects of septum primum and septum secundum:
- Resorption of septum primum in wrong place (not in middle)
- Excess resorption of septum primum
- Defective development of septum secundum
- Combination of excess resorption of septum primum and large foramen ovale
Manifestations:
- SOB
- Fatigue
- Palpitations
- Atrial dysrhythmias (atrial fibriliation) due to atrial enlargement
- Systolic murmur- increased blood flow across pulmonary valve
- Diastolic murmur- large shunt
|
|
|
Term
| Endocardial cushion defect with ostum primum defect |
|
Definition
- Defect in EC and AV septum
- Septum primum does not fuse with EC
- Results in patent ostium primum
- Associated with mitral valve cleft- slit like hole, usually involves anterior leaflet
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Occurs in interartrial septum close to SVC
- Due to incomplete reabsorption of sinus venosus into RA and/or abnormal development of septum secundum
- Often have problem with pulmonary eins- maye be attached to RA instead of LA- requires surgery
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cor tricolare biventriculare
- Failed development of embryologic componenets that contribute to atrial septal complex to form:
- Septum primum
- Septum secundum
- Associated with heterotaxy syndrome- abnormal distribution of visceral organs within thorax and abdomen
|
|
|
Term
| Ventricular Septal Defect |
|
Definition
Most commonly due to membranous
- Associated with aorticopulmonary septal defects
Muscular septal defect:
- Less common
- Single or multiple small defects
- Swiss cheese VSD
Common ventricle (cor triloculare biatriatum)
- 2 atria, 1 ventricle
- Failure of membranous and muscular IV septum to form
|
|
|
Term
| Persistent trucus arteriosus |
|
Definition
- Failure to partition trucus arteriosus
- Always associated with VSD
- Common outflow channel:
- Both ventricles get a mix of de/oxy. blood
- Cyanosis
- Must be treated
|
|
|
Term
| Transposition of the Great Vessels |
|
Definition
Increased risk: maternal exposure to rubella or viral illness during pregnancy |
|
|
