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| What Bryophytes have that algae doesn't |
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Definition
Chloroplasts with well developed grana, motile cells that are asemetrical, flagellated cells.
-They have a male and female gametangia, with sterile jacket layer,
-retention of both the zygote and the sporophyte within the archegonia,
-multicellular diploid sporophyte,
- multicellular sporangia (stertile jacket layer and internal spore producing sporogenous tissue
-meiospores with walls containing sporopollen
-tissues produced by an apical meristem
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| The liverworts, include the complex thalloid liverworts, and the leafy liverworts. |
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| discuss the elementary water conducting cells found in the true Mosses. |
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| This primitive vasculature is part of what makes scientists believe the true Mosses are group within the Bryophytes most closely related to the vascular plants. They have a hadrom- central strand of water conducting tissues, and a hydroid- water conducting cells that are permeable to water, pathways for water and solutes. |
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| pseudo roots, they aren’t leaves, stems, or roots. May facilitate the uptake of water and CO2 |
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- linear rows of cells that attach the thalloids and leafy bryophytes to substrate. Multicellulae in mosses, unicellular in the worts. Used for anchoring the plants.
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| multicellular bodies that give rise to new gametophytes. |
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| found within sterile jacket, each spermatogeous cell forms a single biflaggelated sperm that must swim through water to reach the egg located inside the archegonium. Water is necessary. |
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| swollen basal portion of the neck of the archegonia. |
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| enlarged venter of the archegonium, little thin leaves inside its capsule. |
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| - tip of the foot, interface between foot and gametophyte, consists of transfer cells of sporophyte and gametophyte. |
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| embedded in the archegonium |
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| outside layer of the sporophyte. |
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| capsule of the sporophyte |
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| - plants, occurance of a multicellular embryo. |
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| juvenile developmental stages. From these develop gametes and gametangia. Not in hornworts. |
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| - where antheridia are born, disk headed gametophores |
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| - where archegonia are born, umbrella headed gametophores |
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| food conducting cells, surround the strand of the hydroids. The food conducting tissues are called leptom |
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| water conducting cells, permeable to water. |
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| ring of teeth surrounding the opening of the calyptras, splitted cellular layer near the end of the capsule. |
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| • What traits set the Bryophytes apart from the Vascular Plants? |
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| Lack the vascular tissue and xylem and phloem, non lignified cells. Life cycles are different. Dependent gametophyte. Single sporangium on bryophyte. |
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| • Which Bryophyte phylum is most closely related to the vascular plants and why? |
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| Mosses because of the intermediate water and food conduction cells. |
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| • What are hydroids and leptoids and why are they not considered true vascular tissues? |
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| Hydroids are water conductors, leptoids are food conductors. Lacking lignin in vasculature tissues. |
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| • Why is the enlargement of the sporophyte generation an important trend in plant evolution? |
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| Because the larger the sporophytes the more spores. |
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