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Zoo/wildlife
Study guide questions
107
Veterinary Medicine
Undergraduate 2
02/05/2014

Additional Veterinary Medicine Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Which government agency administers the Animal Welfare Act?
Definition
the USDA
Term
What are three uses of animals regulated by the Animal Welfare Act?
Definition
-research
-teaching
-exhibition
Term
Who are three users of animals that are exempt from Animal Welfare Act?
Definition
-Farms
-Pet Shops
-Animal Shelters
Term
What are the three most common species used in research?
Definition
Rats, mice, guinea pigs
Term
Three National Animal Rights organizations?
Definition
-PETA
-HSUS
-AHS
Term
Which VA agency is responsible for protecting farm animals and pets?
Definition
VDACS
Term
What are three organizations involved in lab research?
Definition
-AALAS
-AAALAC
-ACLAM
Term
What are the 3 terms for the levels of technicians working with research animals?
Definition
-Lab Animal Technologist
-Lab Animal Technician
-Assistant LAT
Term
What are the three R's of animal rights?
Definition
-Refinement of techniques to reduce suffering
-Reduction of numbers used
-Replacement of animal models
Term
What are 5 important aspects of lab animal housing?
Definition
-Designed to prevent disease
-Constant environment
-Controlled ventilation
-Limited access
-Extensive washing facilities
Term
What is a tailveiner?
Definition
Device used to restrain a rat's tail for blood draws
Term
What is a random bred animal?
Definition
A mixed breed
Term
What is xenograft?
Definition
When animal tissue is put into a human
Term
What does the term "knockout" mean?
Definition
Blocking a certain gene
Term
What does specific pathogen free mean?
Definition
Animal is guaranteed to be free of pathogens
Term
What does gnotobiotic mean?
Definition
The flora is known to have been cultured to identify organisms
Term
What does axenic mean?
Definition
Has no good or bad organisms, the animal must live in a sterile environment
Term
What does barrier sustained mean?
Definition
Animal was raised in a barrier
Term
What is a hepa filter?
Definition
Filter in the ceiling that removes small particles from the air
Term
What is a sentinel animal?
Definition
One that is not part of the study
Term
What does IACUC stand for?
Definition
Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee
Term
What is laminar air flow?
Definition
Air flow that only goes one way
Term
What is in vitro?
Definition
made in a test tube
Term
What is in vivo?
Definition
made in the body
Term
What are 5 important uses of animals in research?
Definition
-Drug discovery
-Diagnosis/treatment of conditions
-Biological/behavioral research
-Teaching
-Drug toxicity/product testing
Term
What are 5 alternatives to animal use in teaching used at BRCC?
Definition
-Vein models
-stuffed animals
-cadavers
-videos
-suture boards
Term
What are 5 characteristics shared by most rodents?
Definition
-Larger hind legs than fore legs
-LArge eyes
-Prominent ears
-nest builders
-hardarian gland
Term
What kind of digestive tract do rodents have?
Definition
They are hind gut fermenters
Term
What are 2 other domestic species that are hind gut fermenters?
Definition
-Horses
-Rabbits
Term
How do you differentiate between male and female rodents?
Definition
Anogenital distance
Term
What are open-rooted incisors?
Definition
Teeth that grow throughout a rodents life
Term
What is a diastema?
Definition
The space between the incisors and molars
Term
What is a hardarian gland?
Definition
A gland behind the eye that secretes lubricant for the eye
Term
What is the largest rodent?
Definition
Capybara
Term
What is the largest rodent in NORTH AMERICA?
Definition
The beaver
Term
How does one create an inbred strain of mice?
Definition
20 generations of breeding parent and offspring or brother and sister
Term
What is the Whitten affect?
Definition
When there are no males around the females may sync estrus
Term
What is the bruce affect?
Definition
When recently bred mice are exposed to strange males, they may abort
Term
What are 5 different diseases described in mice?
Definition
-Plague
-Hantavirus
-Lepto
-Lyme
-Pneumonia
Term
What is barbering?
Definition
Skin lesions from more dominant mice tearing the hair out of others
Term
What is another name for the Long Evans rat?
Definition
Hooded rat
Term
What age are rats and mice weaned?
Definition
3 weeks
Term
What are 3 sites used for blood collection in rats?
Definition
-tail vein
-cephalic
-cardiac
Term
What is chromodacryorrhea?
Definition
"Red tears" an increase in porphyrins released by the hardarian gland related to stress
Term
What is ring tail?
Definition
A ring around the tail due to a decrease in humidity (less than 50%) where tail may eventually fall off
Term
What is saliodacryoadenitis?
Definition
Inflammation of the salivary glands and nodes
Term
What is gavage?
Definition
Inserting a gavage needle down the esophagus to give oral drugs
Term
What is the appearance of acute pneumonia in rats?
Definition
-Dyspnea and snuffling
-Abdominal breathing
-purulent exudate
Term
What is the appearance of chronic pneumonia in the rat?
Definition
-Snuffling and discharge
-rough haircoat
-hunched posture
-red tears
Term
Which common pet rodent has the shortest gestation period?
Definition
Hamster
Term
What are three common medical problems seen in hamsters
Definition
-Antibiotic toxicity
-Wet tail
-Demodicosis
Term
At what age are hamsters and gerbils weaned?
Definition
3 weeks
Term
What is the genus of mice?
Definition
Mus
Term
What is the genus of rats?
Definition
Rattus
Term
What is the genus of gerbils?
Definition
Meriones
Term
What is the genus of hamsters?
Definition
Mesocricetus
Term
Which rodent lacks a gall bladder?
Definition
Rats
Term
How are the dietary needs in guinea pigs different from rats, gerbils and hamsters?
Definition
-Guinea pigs need higher protein and fiber
-They require Vitamin C
Term
What are 2 ways reproduction in guinea pigs is different is different from hamsters and gerbils?
Definition
-They are not polyestrous
-Longer gestation (and they have a copulation plug)
Term
What are 3 medical problems associated with guinea pig reproduction?
Definition
-Dystocia
-Uterine prolapse
-pregnancy toxemia
Term
What are 3 medical problems seen in guinea pigs?
Definition
-vitamin C deficiency
-pneumonia
-lymphadenitis
Term
What are 2 ways that reproduction in guinea pigs differs from chinchillas?
Definition
-Chinchillas have a longer gestation period
-Guinea pigs are not seasonally polyestrus. Chinchillas are
Term
What are 4 medical problems seen in chinchillas?
Definition
-Dermatophytosis
-Slobbers
-Conjunctivitis
-Paraphimosis
Term
What are 4 generalities concerning rodent anesthesia?
Definition
-Fasting not required
-Injections often given IP
-Premeds are rarely given
-Difficult to intubate
Term
What are 3 principles to be followed when masking rodents?
Definition
-Use a higher oxygen flowrate
-Use a higher gas percentage
-Watch for regurgitation
Term
What are 4 different parameters to monitor with rodents under anesthesia?
Definition
-Heart and respiratory rate
-Membrane color
-Blink reflex
-Response to pain
Term
What is the largest Order?
Definition
Rodentia
Term
What type of diets should you avoid in rodents?
Definition
Seed diets. They are not balanced.
Term
Which rodent species has an os penis?
Definition
The beaver
Term
Which rodent species has a ventral penis?
Definition
squirrels
Term
What is the most commonly seen rodent pinworm?
Definition
Syphacia
Term
What does transgenic mean?
Definition
New DNA has been added to the strain
Term
What type of estrous cycle do mice have?
Definition
Continuously polyestrous
Term
What is the gestation period of mice?
Definition
21 days
Term
What are the 2 types of breeding strategies in mice?
Definition
-Monogamous (one pair together)
-Polygamous (one male with 2-3 females)
Term
What is the most common cause of pneumonia in mice?
Definition
Sendai virus
Term
What type of estrous cycle do rats have?
Definition
They are continuously polyestrous
Term
How long is a rats gestation period?
Definition
21 days
Term
Why do we not give propofol to rats IP?
Definition
Because of the fat content in propofol
Term
What type of estrous cycle to hamsters have?
Definition
They are polyestrous (4 day cycle)
Term
What is the gestation of a hamster?
Definition
16 days (shortest of rodents)
Term
What type of estrous cycle so hamsters have?
Definition
Polyestrous (4-6 day cycle)
Term
What are 3 medical problems seen in gerbils?
Definition
-Tyzzers disease -Bald nose -Antibiotic toxicity
Term
What is the gestation period for guinea pigs?
Definition
around 63 days
Term
What is the genus name of guinea pigs?
Definition
Cavia
Term
What is the estrous cycle of chinchillas?
Definition
they are seasonally polyestrous and cycle lasts 40 days
Term
How long is the gestation period fr chinchillas?
Definition
111 days
Term
What are 2 ways rabbits differ from rodents?
Definition
-2 sets of upper incisors
-Larger ears
Term
List 5 different breeds of rabbit
Definition
-dutch
-spotted
-minilop
-californian
-new zealand white
Term
What is the most common mistake when feeding rabbits?
Definition
Overfeeding
Term
Why must you support a rabbits body when restraining it?
Definition
They can easily break their backs-small skeleton, large mass
Term
WHat are 4 blood collection sites in rabbits?
Definition
-Ear
-cephalic
-medial saphenous
-Jugular
Term
How do you differentiate the sex of a male and female rabbit?
Definition
extrude penis vs. extrude vulva "slit"
Term
What are trichobezoars and why are they common in rabbits?
Definition
wads of hair/food due to gut stasis caused by limited fiber
Term
What are 5 syndromes seen due to Pasteurellosis in rabbits?
Definition
-Rhinitis/URI
-Pneumonia
-Abscesses
-Torticollis
-SEpticemia
Term
What are 5 different signs of dental disease in rabbits?
Definition
-Anorexia
-Salivation
-Weight loss
-Skin disorders
-Facial swelling/Dacryocystitis
Term
What is the medical indication for spaying rabbits?
Definition
Uterine adenocarcinoma
Term
What are signs of a rabbit over heating?
Definition
-Salivation
-Licking front legs
-Seizures
Term
What is the most common cause of otitis externa in rabbits?
Definition
Psoroptes cuniculi
Term
What is the most common granulocyte seen in rabbit blood?
Definition
Heterophil
Term
What is the most common intestinal parasite seen in rabbits?
Definition
Enterotoxemia caused by Clostridium deficile
Term
List 2 infectious diseases seen in wild rabbits
Definition
-Tularemia
-Calicivirus
Term
What are the clinical signs of pregnancy toxemia in rabbits?
Definition
-Weakness
-Ataxia
-Depression
Term
What are cecotrophs?
Definition
Moist, mucous coated feces that rabbis consume
Term
What is the genus of rabbits?
Definition
Oryctolagus
Term
What age are rabbits weaned?
Definition
6-8 weeks
Term
How does rabbit urine differ from dog and cat urine?
Definition
-Cloudy
-Alkaline
-Crystaline
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