Term
| Year World War II began and with what event |
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Definition
1939
Hitler invaded Poland |
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Term
| This happened shortly after Hitler invaded Poland |
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Definition
| Soviet Union invaded Poland from the East and the Baltic countries |
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Term
| United States first 2 years of World War II |
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Definition
| remained neutral while Germany overran France, most of Europe and pounded Britain from the air |
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Term
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Definition
| air attack of Great Britain by the Germans |
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Term
| Country Hitler attacked in mid-1941 |
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Definition
| Soviet Union, their former partner |
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Term
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Definition
| allowed the United States to give aid (war supplies, old naval warships) to Britain in exchange for military bases in Bermuda and the Caribbean while still remaining neutral |
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Term
| Compared the Lend-Lease Act to "lending a garden hose to a next-door neighbor whose house is on fire" |
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Definition
| Franklin Delano Roosevelt |
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Term
| Countries Japan invaded during the 1930s |
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Definition
| Manchuria and China because they wanted military and economic dominance over Asia |
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Term
| United States response to Japanese aggression |
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Definition
| United States refused to recognize Japanese conquests in Asia and imposed an embargo on exports of oil and steel to Japan |
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Term
| How Japan and United States avoided war |
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Definition
| negotiated until the Japanese attacked the United States without warning |
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Term
| When and were Japan attacked the United States |
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Definition
December 7, 1941
Pearl Harbor, Hawaii |
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Term
| Damage to the United States from the Pearl Harbor attack |
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Definition
| destroyed much of the American Pacific fleet and killed several thousand Americans |
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Term
| President who described Pearl Harbor attack as "a date that will live in infamy" |
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Definition
| Franklin Delano Roosevelt |
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Term
| Why Germany declares war on the United States |
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Definition
| honoring their pact with Japan |
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Term
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Definition
| systematic and purposeful destruction of a racial, political, religious, or cultural group |
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Term
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Definition
| Germany's decision to exterminate all the Jews |
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Term
| People affected by Hitler's Final Solution |
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Definition
| Jews, Poles, Slavs, Gypsies, Undesirables |
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Term
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Definition
| homosexuals, mentally ill, and political dissidents |
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Term
| Significance of Nuremberg Trials |
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Definition
Nazi leaders and others were convicted of war crimes
trials emphasized individual responsibility for actions during a war regardless of orders received
trials led to increased demand for a Jewish homeland |
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Term
| Allied countries in World War II |
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Definition
| Great Britain, France, Soviet Union, United States |
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Term
| Allied strategy in Europe in World War II |
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Definition
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Term
| United States strategy in the Pacific in World War II |
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Definition
| seize islands closer and closer to Japan and using them as bases for air attacks on Japan, and cutting off Japanese supplies through submarine warfare |
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Term
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Definition
| Seizing islands closer and closer to Japan and using them as bases for air attacks on Japan, and cutting off Japanese supplies through submarine warfare against Japanese shipping |
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Term
| Axis Powers strategy in World War II |
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Definition
| Germany hoped to defeat the Soviet Union quickly, gain control of Soviet oil fields,and force Britain out of the war through a bombing campaign and submarine warfare before America's industrial and military strength could turn the tide |
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Term
| What countries Japan invaded and intended to invade following Pearl Harbor |
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Definition
invaded Philippines and Indonesia
planned to invade Australia and Hawaii |
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Term
| Why Japan invaded countries in the Pacific |
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Definition
| leaders hoped that America would accept Japanese predominance in Southeast Asia and the Pacific, rather than conduct a bloody and costly war to reverse Japanese gains |
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Term
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Definition
| German forces threatened to seize Egypt and the Suez Canal, but they were defeated by the British |
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Term
| Significance of German defeat at El Alamein in North Africa |
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Definition
| defeat prevented Germany from gaining access to Middle Eastern oil supplies and potentially attacking the Soviet Union from the South |
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Term
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Definition
| hundreds of thousands of German soldiers were killed or captured in a months-long siege of the Russian city of Stalingrad |
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Term
| Importance of Battle of Stalingrad |
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Definition
| German defeat prevented Germany from seizing the Soviet oil fields and turned the tide against Germany in the east |
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Term
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Definition
| June 6, 1944 on the beaches of Normandy in France |
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Term
| Planned and led the D-Day invasion |
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Definition
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Term
| Purpose of the D-Day invasion |
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Definition
| liberate France from German occupation |
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Term
| Was D-Day invasion successful |
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Definition
| Yes, despite intense German opposition and heavy American casualties |
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Term
| Why Battle of Midway is called the "Miracle of Midway" |
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Definition
| American naval forces defeated a much larger Japanese force as it prepared to size Midway Island. American victory ended the Japanese threat to Hawaii and began a series of American victories in the island hopping campaign |
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Term
| Importance of Battles of Iwo Jima and Okinawa |
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Definition
| American invasions of these islands brought American forces closer than ever to Japan, but both invasions cost thousands of American lives and even more Japanese |
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Term
| Contributed to heavy loss of Japanese life in Iwo Jima and Okinawa |
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Definition
| Japanese soldiers and civilians committed suicide rather than surrender |
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Term
| Why United States President ordered use of the atomic bomb in Japan |
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Definition
| to prevent heavy casualties among both American and Japanese forces if the Americans had to invade Japan |
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Term
| President that ordered the use of the atomic bombs |
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Definition
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Term
| Two cities destroyed by the atomic bombs |
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Definition
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Term
| Did atomic bombs meet President Truman's goals |
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Definition
| Yes, Japanese leaders surrendered thereby avoiding the need for American forces to invade Japan |
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Term
| How African Americans served in World War II |
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Definition
| generally in segregated military units in non-combat roles |
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Term
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Definition
| African American troops who served in Europe with distinction |
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Term
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Definition
| Asian Americans who served in the war and earned a high number of decorations |
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Term
| United States unbreakable communication code in World War II |
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Definition
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Term
| Mexican Americans in World War II |
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Definition
| served in integrated units |
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Term
| Women's contribution to the war effort |
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Definition
| participated in the workforce to replace men serving in the military(Rosie the Riveter.) They typically participated in non-combat military roles |
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Term
| African Americans contribution to World War II |
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Definition
| African Americans migrated to cities in search of jobs in war plants. Campaigned for victory in war and equality at home. |
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Term
| Why Japanese Americans were interned |
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Definition
| strong anti-Japanese prejudice on the West Coast and false belief that they were aiding the enemy |
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Term
| Supreme Court ruling on Japanese internment |
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Definition
| upheld the government's right to act against Japanese Americans living on the West Coast of the United States |
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Term
| How United States government tries to resolve Japanese internment at the end of the century |
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Definition
| government made a public apology and financial payment was made to survivors |
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Term
| Purpose of the Geneva Convention |
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Definition
| ensure human treatment of prisoners of war by establishing rules to be followed by all nations |
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Term
| Japanese complicance with the guidelines of the Geneva Conventions |
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Definition
did not follow the guidelines
fighting in the Pacific was particularly savage |
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Term
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Definition
| American POWs suffered brutal treatment by Japanese after surrendering the Pilippines |
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Term
| U. S. government and industry resources in World War II |
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Definition
rationing to maintain supply of essential products to the war effort
war bonds and income tax to finance the war
business retooled from peacetime to wartime production |
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Term
| United States resources on the home front |
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Definition
more women and minorities entered the labor force as men entered the armed forces
citizens volunteered in support of the war effort |
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Term
| United States military resources |
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Definition
| Selective Service Act(draft) provided personnel for the military |
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Term
| How United States media and communications support allies during World War II |
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Definition
United States government maintained strict censorship of reporting of the war
public morale and ad campaigns kept Americans focused on the war effort
entertainment industry produced movies, plays, and shows that boosted morale and patriotic support for the war effort as well as portrayed the enemy in stereotypical ways |
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