Term
| The domino effect which caused WWI began in the city of ________________ in the nation of _____________, which was then a part of the ______________ Empire. On June 28, 1914, the heir to the empire's throne named __ _______________ and his wife were shot |
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Definition
| Sariajvo; Bosnia; Austria-Hungary; AD Franz Ferdinand; Serbia |
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Term
CENTRAL POWERS DURING WWI
ALLIES DURING WWI |
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Definition
Austria-Hungary <> Germany
Turkey
Bulgaria
Serbia <> Russia
England <> France
Belgium
Japan
Italy |
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Term
June 28, 1914 - The assassination
July 28, 1914 - Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia.
August 4, 1914 - What was the American response to this European war? |
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Definition
| President Wilson proclaimed neutrality |
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Term
| How did the new kind of ship -- the submarine -- force changes in international rules of war at sea? |
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Definition
| Subs couldn't give a warning before they attacked, otherwise they were useless against large ships. |
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Term
| May 7, 1915 - A German sub sank the British luxury liner, __________. It sank in __ minutes killing ____ passengers including ____ Americans. What response came from Prez Wilson? |
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Definition
| Wilson insisted on neutral rights, which meant Americans could go wherever they wanted to (even warzones). |
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Term
| Sept 1, 1915 - Germany sank the Arabic causing 2 American deaths. To keep the peace with the US, they made the Arabic Pledge. What did they promise? |
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Definition
| Germans wouldn't sink unarmed ships. |
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Term
| May 31, 1916 - Germany sank the French ship Sussex. Americans were on board. To keep the US out of the war, what did they promise in the Sussex Pledge? |
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Definition
| Agreed to avide by the rules of visit and search before sinking ships |
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Term
From 1914 thru 1916 American trade with the Allies soared. When the Allies couldn't pay for what they received, what did President Wilson do?
If Wilson had NOT taken this course, what would have been the impact on the US? (2 Answers) |
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Definition
He insisted on coninuing loans to the allies.
1. Trade abroad would've ceased
2. American would've plunged into a depression |
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Term
| In the Presidential campaign of 1916, what was Woodrow Wilson's campaign slogan? |
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Definition
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Term
| When the re-elected "peace President" Woodrow Wilson attempted to negotiate with the Central powers and the Allies to end the war, what was their response? |
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Definition
| Both sides were bent on victory and wouldn't negotiate |
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Term
| January 12, 1917 - President Wilson called for "peace without victory". What was the German response nine days later that lead to a break in US-German diplomatic relations? |
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Definition
| Unlimited submarine warfare |
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Term
| In early 1917 Germany's foreign minister sent a message to Mexico that was intercepted by the British. It infuriated Americans. Summarize what it said. |
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Definition
| Zimmerman asked Mexico to join the Germans, and in return Germany helps Mexico recapture Texas, Arizona, and New Mexico. |
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Term
March 15, 1917 - The Russian Revolution began.
March 16, 1917 - Three American merchant ships were sunk.
April 2, 1917 - Wilson's response? |
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Definition
| Asked Congress for a declaration of war against Germany |
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Term
| Why was it in the nation's best interest that Britain NOT lose the war against Germany? |
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Definition
| We needed Britain's naval power to enforce the Monroe Doctrine, otherwise we would need our own massive Navy. |
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Term
| Within President Wilson's 14 Point "Declaration of Democracy", he called for a new oganization of all nations to preserve peace and insure justice. What was it to be called? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the state of the European Allies when the US entered the war. (3 points) |
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Definition
1. Allies were devestated by German submarine warfare.
2. Allies suffered shortages of food, munitions, money, and men.
3. Russians made peace so Germans could concentrate on the Western Front. |
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Term
| Two things turned WWI (Western Front) into a defensive trench warfare. Name them. |
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Definition
| New machine guns and automatic rifles |
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Term
| "Soldiers became human moles...". Explain in detail what Boorstin means by that statement. |
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Definition
| Soldiers were hiding in the trenches during the day and digging, burrowing, and setting up barbed wire by night. |
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Term
| Out of this intense trench warfare came a new mental disorder called "shell shock". Explain it. |
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Definition
| Mental disorder caused by long term exposure to battlefield situations. |
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Term
| With the Germans within 50 miles of Paris in May 1918, how did they hope to enter the war? |
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Definition
| They had hoped to take Paris before the Allies arrived. |
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Term
| World War I began on ____________(date) with the bombing of _____________. The USA entered the war officially on ____________, and it ended with an armistice on _____________. |
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Definition
| July 28, 1914; Belgrade; April 2, 1917; Nov 11, 1918 |
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Term
The Constitution discouraged a large standing army that could be manipulated by ambitious rulers against the citizens. So, when the US entered the war, Congress passed the Selective Service Act in May of 1917. What did that law require of citizens?
H |
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Definition
All men ages 21-31 had to register for military service
Nobody could hire a substitute |
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Term
| What two ways did the government use to finance the demands of war and the loans to the Allies? |
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Definition
| Increase taxes and sale of government war bonds |
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Term
| Describe four ways in which the gov't took control of private industries? |
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Definition
| Railroad industries collapsed, government price control of crops, food rationing, and fuel rationing |
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Term
The civil liberties of American citizens were alarmingly curtailed by three laws: The Espionage Act of 1917, the Trading with the Enemy Act of 1917, and the Sedition Act of 1918. List three things these laws criminalized.
What effect did this have eve |
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Definition
1. Refusal of military service.
2. Printing a newspaper in a foreign language without an English translation.
3. Encouraging people to resist American laws.
Created a mentality of witch-hunting and super patriotism. |
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Term
| The Versailles Treaty gave birth to two new coutnries. Name Them. |
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Definition
| Czechoslovakia and Poland |
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Term
| The "war reparations" provision of the treaty was so severe that it created the German anger and humiliation that helped bring Hitler to power decades later. Summarize how it was so extreme. |
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Definition
| Demanded payment for total cost of the war -- ammunition, uniforms, and pensions for wounded. Germany never recovered from the debt. |
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Term
| Within the treaty, Wilson planted the idea of a League of Nations. Americans were particulalry alarmed by Article 10 of that plan. What was it that frightened Americans? |
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Definition
| A worldwide entangling alliance that required the US to get involved in future European wars to protect any member of the League of Nations from aggression. |
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Term
| Why did Americans reject Wilson and give the election of 1920 to Warren G Harding by a landslide? |
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Definition
| He opposed teh League of Nations in favor of a loose connection of nations. |
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