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World Problems- exam 2
exam 2
30
History
Undergraduate 1
10/10/2010

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Term
market economics
Definition
developed by Adam Smith. Concepts: free trade, and supply and demand
Term
economic growth strategies
Definition
investing in industrial techs. to expand economically
Term
comparitive advantage
Definition
when a company can produce a good or service at a lower cost than competitors
Term
free trade
Definition
the liberal economists belief that imports and exports should be unrestricted by tariffs
Term
protectionism
Definition
trade restrictions- keeping companies from competing with their buisness
Term
specialization
Definition
emphasize producing and trading products with a comparitive advantage
Term
economies of scale
Definition
per-unit cost decreases when a company produces more of a product
Term
liberal economic theory
Definition
perscribes growth through trade as a development strategy
Term
neoimperialism
Definition
when developing world countries have not achieved economic independence
Term
what was the point of the NIEO
Definition
to attempt to level the international economic playing field
Term
subsidies
Definition
the difference between farmers cost of raising the agricultural prodict and the world market price for that commodity
Term
conditionality
Definition
when the gov must sign an agreement to open up its domestic market to foreign imports
Term
why are basic needs stratigies used?
Definition
to produce more and better quality food and to reduce malnutrition
Term
participatory development
Definition
noting through trial and error what factors account for success
Term
labor intensive tech
Definition
using animal and human power or wind and water instead of modern machinery
Term
development
Definition
an economic process the enables people to produce enough wealth for an acceptable quality of life
Term
gross national income
Definition
the total value of all goods and services a country's economy has produced
Term
dual economy
Definition
where people who live a modern lifestyle exists in a society of poverity
Term
subsistence
Definition
lacking social programs as a fall brake in hard times
Term
productivity
Definition
output of G/S in relation to the number of work hours used to produce them
Term
physical capital
Definition
infrastructure- factories, farms, railroads, etc..
Term
financial capital
Definition
bank deposites, earnings from international trade, etc..
Term
capital
Definition
finances and the facilities needed to produce wealth
Term
human capital
Definition
needed for successful development (schools, hospitals, etc..)
Term
primary commodities
Definition
traded and unprocessed and in their natural state
Term
foreign exchange
Definition
trade earnings- used to buy machinery
Term
hard currency
Definition
items that other countries will take for currency
Term
bilateral aid
Definition
official aid from public sources coming from another countrie's government
Term
demographic transition
Definition
change in population growth that has occured
Term
social cohesion
Definition
shared common identity to an established political system
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