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World History The Modern Era
Chapter 2 Terms and People
33
History
10th Grade
12/04/2011

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Term
Polis
Definition
city-State
Term
Tyrant
Definition
seized power and ruled the polis single-handedly
Term
Oligarchy
Definition
form of government in which a small group holds political power
Term
Democracy
Definition
form of government in which the citizens hold power
Term
Constitution
Definition
plan of government
Term
Classical
Definition
describing the artistic style of ancient Greece and Rome,characterized by balance, elegence, and simplicity
Term
Tragedy
Definition
story or play in which the central character struggles against destiny but meets an unhappy end
Term
Comedy
Definition
story or play intended to entertain and amuse, ussualy with a happy ending
Term
Homer
Definition
a blind poet, beleived to have made the Iliad and the Odyssey which were the two most famous epics
Term
Pericles
Definition
athenian general, rebuilt Athens after the Persian war
Term
Socrates
Definition
first Greek philosopher, developed the Socratic method
Term
Plato
Definition
Socrates' student
Term
Aristotle
Definition
influenced later thinkers with his work on logic and science
Term
Alexander the Great
Definition
Philip II son, became king after his father was murdered, smart commander of the Madcedonian army, won many battles against persians
Term
Republic
Definition
a government in which citizens elect the leaders
Term
Patrician
Definition
a member of the wealthy aristocratic class of ancient Rome
Term
Plebeian
Definition
a citizen of ancient Rome who was not an aristocrat
Term
Tribune
Definition
in ancient Rome, an official who represented the plebians
Term
Aqueduct
Definition
a channel bult to carry water
Term
Messiah
Definition
in Judaism, a savior promised by the Hebrew prophets, who would bring peace
Term
Disciple
Definition
an active follower of a teacher
Term
Pope
Definition
the bishop of Rome
Term
Hannibal
Definition
Carthaginian general, fought with the Romans,
Term
Julius Caesar
Definition
general, influemced Roman politics
Term
Augustus
Definition
"Majestic One", became Rome's first emperor and introduced the foundation for the Roman Empire
Term
Nero
Definition
One of the worst emperors, thought other people plotted against him
Term
Marcus Aurelius
Definition
One of the best emperors, was a skilled administrator and philosopher
Term
Virgil
Definition
wrote the Aeneid, an epic poem
Term
the Talmud
Definition
Jewish scholars' interpretations if the Torah
Term
Jesus
Definition
a Jew who preached that God's rule was close at hand
Term
Paul
Definition
the most active Christian missionarie, some of his letters were incorperated into the Bible
Term
Constantine
Definition
emperor of Rome, wanted equal rights for all religions
Term
Augustine
Definition
a church official, wrote on of the worlds first great biography, converted to Christianity and talked about it in his work called 'Confessions'
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