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World History 1
Kingdoms of The Middle East
54
History
9th Grade
10/29/2009

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Term
Arameans
Definition
early trading civilization that settled in central Syria
Term
Tyre
Definition
large prosperous city-state of Phoenicia
Term
Damascus
Definition
captial city of Syria
Term
Phoenicians
Definition
early trading civilization along the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea
Term
monotheism
Definition
belief on one God
Term
Canaan
Definition
small strip of land located between ancient Egypt and Syria
Term
Asia Minor
Definition
modern day Turkey
Term
Palestine
Definition

land area of southern Canaan

comes from the Greek word "Philistine"

Term
Israel
Definition
country established by the Hebrews
Term
Assyrians
Definition

civilization from northern Mesopotamia

"most powerful fighting force"

Term
Chaldeans
Definition

dominated the Fertile Crescent

knwon as the "New Babylonians"

Term
Persians
Definition
civilization that established a huge empire stretching from the Indus River to the Nile River
Term
Persepolis
Definition
capital city of the Persian Empire
Term
Jerusalem
Definition
capital city of Israel
Term
Ninevah
Definition
ancient capital city of the Assryian Empire
Term

Contributions of the Phonecians

(2)

Definition

alphabet

spreading culture

Term
Hebrews
Definition
ancient civilization that developed monotheism
Term
Yahweh
Definition
God of the Hebrews
Term
Saul
Definition
first king of the Hebrews
Term
Sinai Peninsula
Definition
Hebrews spent 40 years wandering aroung this location
Term
Aramaic
Definition
language spoken in the Fertile Crescent (related to Hebrew and Arabic)
Term
caravan
Definition
method of transportation using camels
Term
confederation
Definition
loose union of states
Term
colony
Definition
settlement of people outside their homeland
Term
Carthage
Definition

city in North Africa

settled by the Phoenicians

Term
Philistines
Definition
civilization that fought against the Hebrews for Canaan
Term
Lydians
Definition
civilization that developed money system for trade
Term
barter economy
Definition
trading goods and services for other goods and services
Term
money economy
Definition
using coins as a medium of exchange
Term
Judaism
Definition
Hebrew faith
Term
Old Testament
Definition
part of the Bible that deals with the Hebrew teachings
Term
Abraham
Definition
"father" of the Hebrews
Term
covenant
Definition
an agreement between individuals
Term
Joseph
Definition
led the Hebrews out of Canaan into Egypt during a famine
Term
Moses
Definition
received 10 Commandments from God
Term
Exodus
Definition
story of the Hebrews escape from Egypt
Term
judges
Definition
leaders of the tribes of Israel
Term
David
Definition

second king of Israel

established Jersualem

Term
Judah
Definition
southern kingom of the Hebrews
Term
Solomon
Definition

third king of the Hebrews

known for his wisdom

Term
prophets
Definition
preachers
Term
synagogue
Definition
Jewish house of worship
Term
Torah
Definition
Holy Book of the Hebrews
Term
Diaspora
Definition
scattering of the Jews
Term
empire
Definition
expansion of territory usually by conquest
Term
Hittites
Definition

tribe that conquered Asia

used their iron weapons

Term
Ninevah
Definition
capital city of Assyrian Empire
Term
Nebuchadnezzar
Definition

king of the Chaldeans

rebuilt the city of Babylon

Term
Cyrus II
Definition

Persian ruler

conquered much of the Middle East and Asia Minor

Term
Darius I
Definition

Persain king

divide empire into provinces and appointing governors

Term
satraps
Definition
provincial governors in the Persian Empire
Term
Xerxes
Definition
Persian ruler who lost a campaign against Greece
Term
Zoroaster
Definition

Persain philosopher

"struggle between good and evil"

Term
Avesta
Definition
book of Zoroaster which contained his beliefs
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