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Definition
| -Spanish monarchs whose marriage united -Spain (Aragon and Castille). They also sponsored Columbus' voyage to the New World. |
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| Cristoforo Colombo (Columbus) |
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Definition
-Discovered New World.
-First landed in Bahamas.
-San Salvador was the first island he saw
-Thought he was in China
-Later conquered Cubs and Hispaniola. |
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Definition
| -make up the Iberian Peninsula SW of France. |
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Definition
-directly across from Spain in North America
-captured by the Portuguese in 1415 (began Portuguese empire) |
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Definition
-market in arabic
-1st ruled by Islamics, then Portuguese in 1511, then Dutch in 1641 |
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Definition
-periodic winds in Indian Ocean
-important for sailing (trade) |
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Definition
| -ship used by Europeans during age of exploration |
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Term
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Definition
-Greek invention
-determined the altitude of the sun and stars |
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Term
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Definition
-ruler of France
-associated with its growth and centralization
-assassinated in 1610 by a Catholic fanatic who opposed the Edict of Nantes |
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Term
| St Batholomew's Day Massacre |
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Definition
-most violent day during the war between Catholics and Protestants
-Henri came to power after this |
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Term
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Definition
-issued by Henri
-granted freedom of worship to Huguenots (French protestants) |
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Term
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Definition
| -chief minister to Henry IV |
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Term
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Definition
-chief minister to Henry IV
-tolerant religious policies, infrastructure, and taxation policies |
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Term
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Definition
-married Henry IV
-their son is Louis XIII |
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Term
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Definition
-ruled France with Marie de' Medici while Louis XIII was still a boy
-Louis' chief minister when Louis got older
-appointed intendants who were responsible for the monarchy
-reorganized and centralized France
-enemy=Habsburgs |
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Term
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Definition
| -rules Spain and Germany from Austria |
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Term
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Definition
-died young
-his son was Louis XIV |
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Term
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Definition
-regent for Louis XIV with Anne of Austris (Louis XIII's wife)
-wanted to centralize France
-nobles revolted and fought the king's armies in Paris (Le Fronde)
-King won |
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Term
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Definition
-absolute ruler
-Sun King one law, one religion, one king
-revoked Edict of Nantes
-Made his capital Versailles
-one of first to have standing army- fought long and costly wars which accomplished nothing |
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Term
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Definition
-Louis XIV's cheif financial minister
-merchantilism (heavy govt control of economy) |
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Term
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Definition
-founded the Tudor Dynasty in England
-his son was Henry VIII
-restored order to England after the Wars of the Roses |
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Term
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Definition
-broke with the Catholic church when the pope refused to let him divorce the Spanish Catherine of Aragon
-declared himself the leader of the Church of England |
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Term
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Definition
-ruler of England from 1558-1603
-daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn (Henry's 2nd wife)
-took England to its height of power |
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Term
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Definition
-son of James I of England
-exectued in 1649 after his armies lost the English CIvil war
-illegal taxes (ship money) |
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Definition
-Leader of parliamentary forces in English Civil War
-ruled England as "lord protector" during Protectorate
-he was puritan |
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Definition
-first ruler of the restored England
-symbolized new sense of freedom
-signed secret agreement with Louis XIV of France to promote Catholicism in England for money (angered Parliament) |
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Term
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Definition
-Parliament invited them to be rulers, they agreed
-Glorious revolution (no bloodshed)
-Bill of Rights- guaranteed rights of Parliament and English citizens |
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Definition
-two major powers of modern Germany
-Berlin- Prussia's capital
-Vienna- Austria's capital |
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Definition
| French protestants, followers of John Calvin |
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Term
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Definition
-Elizabeth I
-remained a virgin all her life
-"married to her people for the good of England" |
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Term
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Definition
-1337-1453
-England vs. France
-French won and drove English out for good |
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Definition
-civil war within England after Hundred Years War
-House of York(white) vs. House of Lancaster(red) |
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-a violent religious war
-Protestant vs. Catholic |
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