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| belief in the importance of liberty and equality |
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| belief that an ethnic group has a right to statehood |
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| Dynasty that ruled Austria. |
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| From Russia. Drafted constitution for Russia, but found no honest officials to run Government. Liberalist. |
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| Alexanders brother and successor. For unknown reasons renounced the Throne. |
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becomes king after Constantine.
trained as soldier.
Kept police force (Third Section) |
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| Group of Russian army offices who began a revolt at St. Peters burg in December in favor of Constantine and Constitution. |
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| one of 2 novelist who printed political issues throught novels. |
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| second novelist who printed political issues throught novels. |
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| Spanish king. feared, powerful and oppressive, cousin to Louis of France. wanted restore Absolutism. |
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| in Ottoman rule, ruled by Sultan |
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| also means head of greece along with sultan. lives in Constantipole |
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| Goes to Greece to Fight for thier Independence and dies. |
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| Selected by Greece as monarch of Greece. |
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| Royalists. wanted to recover lost property. |
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| now compensated for thier losses. they received state annuities. |
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| leader of the Ultras. who also becomes King when Louis Dies. also Loius Brother. |
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| Given to emigres for thier suffering. |
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Chief Minister of France appointed by Charles X.
Attempts to boost Charles popularity by attacking Algiers. |
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| Almost Attacked by France. |
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| series of decrees set forth by Charles X and Polignac( minister) which suspended liberty of press, dissolved Chamber of Deputies of France, and introduced new voting qualification that disenfranchised the Bugiouse. |
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| spoke to retain monarchy and brought own candidate (Louis Phillip) and tried to calm the violence the July Ordinance caused. |
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| "king of the french", last king to rule France. |
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| color of the flag or Russia. |
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| given to the Louis Philippe because he was loved by everyone. |
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| during his reign. Because the revolution that put him in power occurred in July. |
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| official language is dutch but no one speaks it. |
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| King of Dutch, uncle of Queen Victoria. |
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| chief minister who was hate by French Liberalists, they wanted him dismissed |
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| 2nd french republic Universal manhood suffrage. |
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| Radicals in Paris try to take control of national assembly by force when all males population voted. |
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| elected first president, declared himself emperor. |
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| leader of the Young Italy. |
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| group of liberals who wanted united free Italy. advocated revolts to make italy democratic republic. |
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| king of Sardinia, leader of unificiation of italy momevent. |
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| king of Sardinia, when italy was unified. |
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| forced into a ceremony of saluting the corpses. |
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| assembly called to draw up a Constitution for a united Germany. In this assembly it split into 2 groups. Biger germans and little germans. |
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| Wanted to include Austria and Bohemia in Germany. |
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| Bohemia and Austra wanted in Germany by Big Germans. |
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Did not want Bohemia or Austria in Germany.
The 2 groups also split up in who would rule Germany. |
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| Hapsburg of Austria to rule Germany. |
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| Hohenzollerns of Russia to rule Germany. |
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| Ruled by a few, went from oligarchy to democracy |
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| executive ruler of Great Britian. did not exercise public power, but has vast amount of influence behind the scenes. |
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Parliament of Great Britian, has 2 houses. House of Lords and House of commons. Has same power as house of commons except money bills from HOC.
House of lords has small class of peers. |
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| 2 groups of 1814 were heridtary nobles and clergy/bishops. |
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| One member of House of commons. aristocratic class below nobles. |
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| Prime Minister of GB who was also a whig, who helped to pass a law that allowed to widen the vote. |
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| King William IV threatened to decrease prestige of nobles in the house of Lords if they didnt sign the bill. |
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| Reform Bill of 1832 (First Reform Bill) |
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| most middle class males can vote, but working class couldnt. It also gave seats in House of Commons to 40+ unrepresented cities. |
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| Catholic Emancipation Act |
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| restore civil rights to Roman catholics and allows them to be elected into Parliament. |
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| Second Reform Bill (1867) |
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| came by becuase of Tory Party. This bill doubled the numbers of voters in Britian, now more than a Third of adult population can vote. |
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| Traditional resisting widening the vote |
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Helped Tory party get the credit for the 2nd reform bill becuase he knew it was coming up anyway.
conservative.
Against laissez faire
pro empire, made Queen Victoria Emperoress of India.
prime minister for a while |
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pushed for new reform bill for women to vote. leader of Whig party.
liberal. son of a jew, pro laisse faire.
anti empire.
took out troops from afgan and monopolized control of alexandria, Egypt.
prime minister for a while |
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Term
| Parliamentary Act of 1911 |
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Definition
| removed the lords right to absolute veto and left them with the delaying veto. done because of Gladstone. |
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| Traditional resisting widening the vote |
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| Queen, "empress of india" |
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| Gladsonte pull troops out of here |
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| Gladstone took troops out of Afgan and put them into here________, Egypt. |
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| all the emigrates who went to ulster. |
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| becomes leader of Irish Nationalists in British Parliament. |
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| Where Ireland would be separate of Great Britain |
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| home rule passes house of commons but didn't go into effect because bill carried this. |
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| revolt in Ireland in 1916, lead to gorilla warfare with British. |
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| 1949, Ireland becomes completely independent. |
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| independent, but still had ties to GB. |
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| part of Great Britian still to this day. |
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| northernireland still part of GB |
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| formed becuase of the split of liberal party into labor party and conservative party. cause was Gladstones fight for home rule |
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| Irish Liberalist, who helped pass the bill to lower house of lords power. |
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| last liberal to be Prime minister |
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| New King of Great Britain who help passed peoples budget. |
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| President of France, always violated the constitution, proclaimed himself emperor. now called Napoleon III |
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| split into 2 groups, one who supported descendents of Charles x (Barbouns) and those of Loius Phillip(orleanists) |
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| dissolution of the french national assembly. |
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| aka Loius Napoleon Bonaparte |
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| canal in Egypt, supported by Napoleon III. |
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| Napoleon III sent Austrian prince to become emperor of this place. |
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| Austrian prine who became emperor of mexico. |
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| Prussian chancellor who directly provoked napoloen in declarwing war with Prussia. |
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| War between France and Prussia. |
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| proclaimed by the mob. majority of national assembly was monarchist. |
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| given to Prussia after Franco Prussia war |
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| given to Prussia after Franco Prussia war |
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| descendants of Loius Phillilp |
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| person who was claiming that he should be the king, could have been king, father was king henry V, if he had accepted the tri color flag. |
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| Commits suicide after they discover he tried to hide that Major Esterhazy was the traiter. |
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| Jew and capatin in army, falsy accused to selling military secrets to Germany. sent to life in prison. |
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| dryfus affair, good example. |
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| prison where Dryfus was sent to. |
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| discovers that the major traitor was Major Esterhezy. sent to Nroth Aftrica so he doesnt reveal it. |
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| Major Tratier who is discovered by Dryfus's brother, and is finally acquitted. |
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| french novelist. publishes I accuse naming milatary leader convicting innocent man to false testimony. |
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| novel naming milatary leader convicting innocent man to false testimony. |
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| forged the documents to convict Dryfus. |
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| architect of Italian Unification. Chief minister under Victor Emmanuel II of sardinia. Signs a secrete deal with Napolean III, where France would help Sardinia if they declare war on Austria. |
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| Austria controlls this place but given to Sardinia from Peace Treaty, along with many other northern Italy states. |
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| Controlled by Austria. given to Italy because Italy sided with Prussia in brief war with Austria. |
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| radical republic(wears red shirts) |
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| controlled by Austria which infuriated Italians, causing Italy towith fight against Austria in WW1. |
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| became King of Prussia in 1851, wanted unification of germany under prussian leadership. Believed in governing by military force. |
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| Otto Von Bismarck is his chancellor, and he had 7 steps for German Unification. |
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| War against Denmark becuase they had 2 large cities with large poopulation. |
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One of the 2 cities that Bismarck wanted.
Prussia controls this after war. |
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Other city that Bismark wanted.
First given to Austria, then
Given to Prussia after Germany's with Austria. |
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| War against Austria which Bismarck deliberately provoked. Prussia and ITaly vs. Austria and several German states. Austria defeated and Holstein now given to Prussia. |
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| North German Confederation |
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| 20 smaller north german states form into this. supposed to be headed by king of Prussia |
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| word for emperor, King William I (kasier of Prussia) now kaiser of Germany. |
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| Fires Bismarck when he comes to thrown. autocrat, believed King's rule was God given. Makes Germany economic Power house. |
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| emperor of Austria during this whole ordeal. sets up dual monarchy. Ruled as King of Hungary and emperor of Austria. |
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| very poor nation becuase of national autonomy. discontent of large minorities, enters WW1 as weak state. |
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| group of educated Turks disgusted by sultans rule. rebelled and forced sultan to grant constitution. |
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| caused by sultans repression of national groups in Balkans. |
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| city where Russo-Turkish war was pretty much started because of repression of national groups. |
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| Czar who ruled in Cruelty in which Russia was a police State. |
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| saw need for moderate reform. issued a empirical decree providing a gradual abolition of serfdom. |
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| person born in thier land who are pretty much slaves to that land. |
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| reverts back to Nicholas I repression tactics. |
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| well meaning. secret police who struck at opponents of govt. |
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| opposition to Nicholas II (followed Marxism) who split into 2 wings, Mensheviks and Bolsheviks |
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| moderates who favored gradual and peaceful methods of achieving socialism. |
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| extremists led by Lenin. wanted to create small groups of professional revolutionaries who will lead Proletariat to forceful seizure of power and then led government to communist Party. |
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| working class, lowest class. |
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| wanted by the Bolsheviks. |
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| caused over interest in China and Korea. Russia is defeated and completely screws up Russia. |
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| starts because of Bloody Sunday |
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| Soldiers fire upon civilians outside of Czar house who tried to petition |
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| summoned by Czar. this goup is a newly elected national assembly of very little power. |
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| Dynasty who remained a backward state |
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| Czars wife, came under the power or Rasputin. |
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| powerful figure in the government. caused the fall of the Romanov Dynasty |
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| League of the Three Emperors |
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| Germany, Russia, Austria formed to isolate France, but falls apart. |
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| Germany, Austria, and Italy. |
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| France and Russia becuase France decided to rebuttal against them. |
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| Britain signs with France but becuase France is with Russia they also become allys with Russia. |
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| race between Britian and germany involving Naval contest. they both spent huge sums on new weapons of war and increasing the size of their standing armies. |
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| Wages war with Ottoman Empire along with 2 other Balkan states. |
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| Wages war with Ottoman Empire along with 2 other Balkan states. After they win the war, they are angry with their share of win, so they go to war with their previous Allys, and are defeated. |
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| Wages war with Ottoman Empire along with 2 other Balkan states. |
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| balkan countries with ottoman empire in 1912. |
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| Balkans known as this after they defeat Ottoman empire. |
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| duke of Austria who was assassinated, his wife was also assassinated |
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| Austria gave this to Serbia demanding their IMMEDIATE end to anti Austrian propaganda. |
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| Russia begins the ________ of its army to protect Serbia, and France assures them its support. Germans want russ and france to stop mobilazation and they decline. Germany declares war with them. |
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| Germany enters this neutral country after Britain warns them not to, so Britain declares war with this country. |
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| Between German and France/Britain. three day battle. forced German to retreat on western front. |
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Definition
| warefare where they are under bunkers to protect them from small opposition. |
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| give up with no chance of coming back. |
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| they take over the government. |
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Term
| Versailles Peace Conference |
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| allied nations included, not defeated nations. 4 principle decision makers. |
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Definition
| from USA, idealist. came up with Fourteen Points. |
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Definition
| from France, wanted to obtain sufficient reparation funds from war. |
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Definition
| From Britian, also wanted to obtain sufficient reparation funds from war. |
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part of wilsons proposition.
formation of associations of nations. |
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| industrialized region in western Germany which France would control for 15 years. |
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