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VTI: Radiation Safety Chapter 3
Radiography 1 Chapter 3
38
Veterinary Medicine
Undergraduate 3
03/08/2011

Additional Veterinary Medicine Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
The maximum dose of radiation a person may receive in a given time period
Definition
Maximum permissible dose (MPD
Term
The quantity of energy imparted by the ionizing radiations to matter
Definition
Absorbed Dose
Term
Damage to the body induced by radiation within the lifetime of the recipient
Definition
Somatic Damage
Term
Where red blood cells are produced
Definition
hemopoietic
Term
The unit of absorbed dose
Definition
Gray
Term
Multiply the absorbed dose in tissue by quality
Definition
Dose equivalent
Term
A device used to measure radiation
Definition
Dosimeter
Term
X-ray path as they leave the tube
Definition
Primary beam
Term
Charged ion chamber and electrometer
Definition
Pocket ionization chamber
Term
Chamber containing special compounds that become electrically altered
Definition
Thermoluminescent dosimeter
Term
Defects to genes of reproductive cells
Definition
Genetic damage
Term
Interaction of beam with objects
Definition
Secondary radiation
Term
Methods of measuring radiation exposure
Definition
Dosimetry
Term
"live view" of anatomy
Definition
Fluoroscopy
Term
Where white blood cells are produced
Definition
leukopoietic
Term
Palstic holder, film, lightproof package
Definition
Film Badge
Term
Dose of radiation equivalent to absorbed dose
Definition
Sievert
Term

True or False

 

Ionizing radiation is not hazardous

Definition
False
Term
What are two types of biologic damage that can occur due to overexsposure?
Definition
  • Somatic- damage done to body within lifetime
  • Genetic- damage or injury to genes
Term
Who is more prone to having their cells and tissue affected?
Definition
  • Persons younger than 18
  • Pregnant women

Remember: Rapidly growing cells are more sensetive to radiation

Term
Cancer, cataracts, aplastic anemia ans sterility are clinical signs of this type of biologic damage
Definition
Somatic Damage
Term
How can you limit your exposure?
Definition
  1. Adequate technique chart
  2. Positioning Aids
  3. PPE and other protective barriers
  4. Dosimetery badge
  5. Emergency procedure for malfunctioning requipment
  6. Quality control and test
Term
Defines the MPD for occupational and non occupational exposed persons. This committee is a nonprofit organization, chartered by Congress and consisting of scientific committees of persons who are experts in aparticular area.
Definition

National Committee on Radiation Protection and Measurements

 

Aka "NCRP"

Term
Is a program that approaches the rules and regulations to promote radiation safety
Definition

ALARA

(As Low As Reasonably Achievable)

Term
What are two categories to quantify the amount of radiation received?
Definition
  • Absorbed dose
  • Dose equivalent
Term
What is the unit of absorbed dose
Definition
Gray(Gy) which replaces the previously used unit rad (1 Gy=100 rad)
Term
The unit of dose equivalent
Definition
Sievert which supersedes the rem which was previously used (1 Sv=100 rem)
Term
State and Federal Restrictions dictate that occupationally exposed individuals older than 18 years of age and wearing monitoring devices can receive up to how much exposure?
Definition

0.05 Sv/year

 

Remember: Nonoccupationally exposed persons can recieve 10% of this figure (0.005 Sv/year)

Term
Consists of a plastic holder that contains a radiation-sensitive film in a lightproof package, which is sensitive to beta, gamma and x radiation.
Definition

Film badge

 

Remember:This is the most common monitoring device

Term
This monioring device is the same size and shape as a pen and fits conveniently in the wearer's pocket. It consists of an ion chamber and an electrometer.
Definition

Pocket Ionization Chamber

 

Remember: The chamber is charged before use, and subsequent radiation discharges the ions.

Term
Contains special compounds(Lithium Fluoride and Calcium Fluoride) that are electrically altered by ionizing radiation and are sent back after a period of time for heat exposure which when heated emit light directly proportional to the amount of radiation they have absorbed.
Definition

Themoluminescent Dosimeter (TLD)

 

Note: Currently, film badges cost approximately 25% less than TLD badges.

Term
Why would you want to avoid retakes?
Definition
Reduce exposure to patient and personnel, saves time and money
Term
PPE is made from impregnanted rubber and other materials what is the range of thickness (lead)?
Definition
0.25mm to 1mm
Term
If there is a crack when xray gloves what color would the crack be?
Definition
Black
Term
How are aprons hung?
Definition

Vertically over a round surface

 

Remember: You don't want to fold your PPE it can cause the lead to crack

Term

Radio opague content medium that moves through the stomach and intestines:

 

Hint: Used when performing a Fluoroscopy

Definition
Barium Sulfate
Term
What do you never want to do when performing a fluoroscopy?
Definition
Palpate the anatomical area while the machine is operating
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