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| Flakes/Particulate in Urine |
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Definition
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Definition
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| Stones in bladder, kidney, urethra (blockage) |
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 4 ways to collect urine? |
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Definition
Catheterization
Cystocentesis
Express Bladder
Voided Sample |
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Term
| What are some ways to maintain quality assurance? |
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Definition
Label all samples
check S.G. before Refrigerating
Dont keep sample for over>24hrs |
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| What happens to urine when its left out for 30min? |
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Definition
Crystallization
Dec. Glucose & Bilirubin
Cast & RBC Disintegrate
PH Inc. |
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| What does a Gross Examination show ? |
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Definition
Water intake
External Losses
Environmental Temp
Amount of food and type
Sig. of animal
Note Vol. of sample collected |
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| What's the cause of Flocculent |
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Definition
RBC
WBC
Epithelial Cells
Cast
Crystals
Mucus
Fat
Bacteria |
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Term
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Definition
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| What are the factors that can Dec PH |
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Definition
Fever
Starvation
Inc. Protein Diet
Acidosis
Excessive Muscular Activity
Certain Drugs |
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Definition
Alkalosis
Inc. Fiber diet
UTI w/ producing bacteria
certain drugs
Voluntary/Involuntary Urine Retention |
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Definition
Usually absent/trace
can be caused by collection method
Use reagent strip and turbidity test
Protein/Creatinine Ratio |
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Definition
blood glucose lvls
rates of glomerular filtration
and tubular reabsorption
fasting is key (proper results) |
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| can be altered by inefficient fatty acid metabolism |
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Definition
| during complete breakdown of fatty acid |
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Definition
Liver Disease
Bile flow obstruction
Urine indicated disease in cats
hemolytic anemia |
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Term
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Definition
In the intestines
bacteria convert bilirubin to urobilinogen
unstable
norm animals can have a small amount |
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Term
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Definition
Healthy pets have little to none in urine
round smooth refriactile
yellow/orange colorless
biconcave disk |
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Term
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Definition
derived from distal urethra, vagina, vulva or prepuce
Looks like a potato chip |
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Term
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Definition
Bladder
Inc. #'s indicate cystitis |
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Definition
Inc, #'s indicate kidney disease
often confused w/ WBC
Round Large Nucleus |
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Term
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Definition
Form in lumen of distal
Collecting tubules of kidney |
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Definition
Hyaline
Granular
Epithelial
Leukocyte
Fatty
Waxy |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| Common in horse and Rabbits |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Ethylene glycol poisoning |
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Definition
| Inc. dosed of Sulfonamide |
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Definition
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Definition
| Not Common in Cats and Dogs |
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Definition
| Renal Tubular Dusfunction |
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Definition
| Ethylene glycol poisoning |
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Term
| Different types of artifacts in urine |
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Definition
Air bubble
oil droplets
starch granules
Hair
Plant Spores
Dust
Exterally- Bacteria
Exterally- Fungi
Fecal Material
Intesrinal Parasite Ova |
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| Herbivore tends to have what type of urine |
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Definition
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| Carnivore tends to have what type of urine |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Urine w/ SG values approaching that of glomerular filtrate (1.008-1.012) |
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| What are some causes of SG Alterations |
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Definition
Dehydration
Acute Renal Failure
Pyometra
Liver Disease |
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Term
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Definition
Urine w/ repeated SG values approaching that of glomerular filtrate
(1.008-1.012) |
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Term
| Herbivore tend to have what type of urine |
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Definition
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