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| GLOSSARY: an alphabetical list of terms or words found in or relating to a specific subject, text, or dialect, with explanations; a brief dictionary. |
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| LEXICON: the vocabulary of a person, language, or branch of knowledge; a dictionary. |
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| DICTIONARY: a book that lists the words of a language in alphabetical order and gives their meaning, or that gives the equivalent words in a different language; a reference book on any subject |
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| ENCYCLOPEDIA: a book or set of books giving information on many subjects or on many subjects of one subject and typically arranged alphabetically |
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| ALMANAC: an annual calendar containing important dates and statistical information such as astronomical data and tide tables; a handbook typically published annually, containing information of general interest or of a sport or pass time |
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| ABRIDGED: shortened or condensed. Adjective |
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| UNABRIDGED: not abridged, complete. Adjective |
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| PERIODICAL: a magazine or journal published at regular intervals, especially weekly, monthly, or quarterly. Noun |
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| THESAURAS: a book containing a store of words, a book of synonyms and antonyms. Noun |
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| ATLAS: a book containing maps and vital statistics relating to geographic regions. Noun |
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| CARD CATALOGUE: a catalogue in the form of a card, to help you find books in the library. Noun (We now use a computer for this!) |
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| CALL NUMBER: a number put on a library book to enable a user to identify and find it. Noun |
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| ODDITY: somebody or something unique, unusual, or unconventional. Noun |
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| POMPOUS: having an excessive sense of self-importance, usually displayed through exaggerated seriousness or stateliness in speech or manner. Adjective |
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| COLLOQUIAL: appropriate to, used in, or characteristic of spoken language or of writing that is used to create the effect of conversation. Adjective |
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| HACKNEYED: made commonplace and stale by overuse. Adjective |
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| DEWEY DECIMAL SYSTEM: a system of classifying library books that divides them into ten main classes, divided in turn into categories with three-digit numbers and subcategories with numbers after a decimal point. Noun |
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| Library of Congress Classification System |
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| LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM: the national library of the United States, located in Washington, DC and founded by an Act of Congress in 1800. It contains more than 28 million books and pamphlets as well as presidential papers, music, photographs, and recordings. |
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| ABSTRACT: not relating to concrete objects but expressing something that can only be appreciated intellectually. Adjective |
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| HISTORIAN: an expert in or student of history, esp. that of a particular period of history, geographical area, or social phenomenon |
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| HISTORIOGRAPHY: the study of historical writing; the writing of history |
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| BIOGRAPHY: an account of a person's life written by someone else. |
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| AUTOBIOGRAPHY: an account of a person's life written by that person |
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| ANTHROPOLOGIST: a person who studies humankind, in particular the comparative study of human societies and their cultures and their development |
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| PEDIGREE: the record of descent of an animal proving it to be purebred; the recorded ancestry esp. of the upper class. |
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| GENEALOGY: a chart or recorded history of the descent of a person or family from an ancestor or ancestors; pedigree; lineage |
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| DESCENDANT: a person who is an offspring, however remote, of a certain ancestor, family, group, etc.; something that derives from an earlier form |
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| ANCESTOR: any person from whom one is descended, esp. one earlier in a family line than a grandparent; forefather; forebearer |
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| TRANSCRIPTION: the act or process of transcribing; something transcribed i.e. a transcript, an arrangement of music |
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| ERA: a system of reckoning time by numbering the years from some important occurrence or given point of time; an event or date that marks the beginning of an important period in the history of something; a period of time measuring from some important occurrence or date; a period in time considered in terms of noteworthy or characteristic events, developments, men, etc.; any of the five main divisions of geologic time |
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| TECHNOLOGY: the science or study of the practical or industrial arts, applied science, etc.; the terms used in a science, art, etc.; a method, process, etc. for handling a specific technical problem; the system by which a society provides its members with those things needed or desired |
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| TRADITION: a surrender or betrayal (originally); the handing down orally of stories, beliefs, customs, etc. from generation to generation; a long established custom or practice that has the effect of an unwritten law |
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| ASSIMILATION: to change ( food) into a form that can be taken up by and made part of, the body tissues; to absorb into the body; to absorb and incorporate into one's thinking;to make like or alike, to cause to resemble; to absorb (groups of different cultures) into a main cultural body |
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| METALLURGY: to work in metals or in mines; the science of metals, esp. the science of separating metals from their ores and preparing them for use, by smelting, refining, etc. |
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| SMELTING: to melt or fuse (ore, etc.) so as to separate impurities from pure metal; to refine or extract (metal) in this way |
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| ORE: any natural combination of minerals, esp. one from which a metal or metals can be extracted |
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| CRUCIBLE: a container made of a substance that can resist great heat, for smelting, fusing, or calcining ores, metals, etc.; the hollow at the bottom of an ore furnace, where the molten metal collects; a severe test or trial |
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| COPPER: a reddish-brown, maleable, ductile, metallic element that is an excellent conductor of electricity and heat |
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| BRONZE: an alloy consisting chiefly of copper and tin |
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| CARBURIZING: to treat or combine with carbon |
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| ANNEALING: to heat (glass or metals) and then cool slowly to prevent brittleness; to strengthen and temper (the mind, will, etc.); to fire or glaze, as in a kiln |
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| INGOTS: mold for casting metal into a bar; a mass of metal cast into bar or other convenient shape |
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| ALUM: a double sulfate of ammonium or a univalent metal or a trivalent metal; it is used as an astringent, as an emetic, and in the manufacturing of baking powders, dyes, and paper; the commonest form is potash alum |
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| CASTING: the action of a person or thing that casts; anything, esp. a metal piece, that has been cast in a mold; anything thrown off, ejected, or excreted, esp. the excrement of earthworms |
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| ARCHAEOLOGY:the scientific study of historic or prehistoric peoples and their cultures by analysis of their artifacts, inscriptions, monuments, and other such remains, esp. those that have been excavated. noun |
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| ARTIFACT:a handmade object, as a tool, or the remains of one, as a shard of pottery, characteristic of an earlier time or cultural stage, esp. such an object found at an archaeological excavation. |
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| STRATA:a layer of material, naturally or artificially formed, often one of a number of parallel layers one upon another: a stratum(plural) of ancient foundations. |
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| STRATIFICATION:a stratified state or appearance: the stratification of ancient ruins from eight different periods |
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| DETERIORATION:To weaken or disintegrate; decay |
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| PRESERVATION:to keep alive or in existence |
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| PALEOLITHIC: adj. Of or relating to the cultural period of the Stone Age beginning with the earliest chipped stone tools, about 750,000 years ago, until the beginning of the Mesolithic Period, about 15,000 years ago. |
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| POTTERY SHARD (POT SHARD):a fragment, esp. of broken earthenware. |
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| NEOLITHIC: adj. Of or relating to the cultural period of the Stone Age beginning around 10,000 B.C. in the Middle East and later elsewhere, characterized by the development of agriculture and the making of polished stone implements. |
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| ANTEDILUVIAN:of or belonging to the period before the Flood. Gen. 7, 8. |
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| DENDROCHRONOLOGY: noun -the science dealing with the study of the annual rings of trees in determining the dates and chronological order of past events. |
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| GEOCHRONOLOGY:noun- the chronology of the earth, as based on both absolute and relative methods of age determination. |
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CERAMIC TYPOLOGY:The study or systematic classification of types that have characteristics or traits in common on ceramic. and
A theory or doctrine of types, as in scriptural studies. |
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CERAMIC TYPOLOGY:The study or systematic classification of types that have characteristics or traits in common on ceramic. and
A theory or doctrine of types, as in scriptural studies. |
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| CARBON 14: a radioactive isotope of carbon with mass number 14 and a half-life of about 5730 years: widely used in the dating of organic materials |
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| RADIOCARBON DATING:noun- the determination of the age of objects of organic origin by measurement of the radioactivity of their carbon content. |
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| POTASSIUM ARGON DATING: noun- Geology. a method for estimating the age of a mineral or rock, based on measurement of the rate of decay of radioactive potassium into argon. |
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| FISSION TRACK DATING:Fission track dating is a radiometric dating technique based on analyses of the damage trails, or tracks, left by fission fragments in certain uranium-bearing minerals and glasses. |
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| THERMOLUMINESCENCE: n- A phenomenon in which certain minerals release previously absorbed radiation upon being moderately heated. |
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| MAGNETIC DATING:Characteristic time variations of the Earth's magnetic field provide dating tools applicable to geological and archaeological structures, and these have been widely exploited. |
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| ARCHEOASTRONOMY: noun-the branch of archaeology that deals with the apparent use by prehistoric civilizations of astronomical techniques to establish the seasons or the cycle of the year, esp. as evidenced in the construction of megaliths and other ritual structures. |
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| HALF-LIFE:n-Physics. the time required for one half the atoms of a given amount of a radioactive substance to disintegrate. |
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| OXIDATION: the deposit that forms on the surface of a metal as it oxidizes. |
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| CURATOR:the person in charge of a museum, art collection, etc. |
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| ORGANIC:adj noting or pertaining to a class of chemical compounds that formerly comprised only those existing in or derived from plants or animals, but that now includes all other compounds of carbon. |
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| INORGANIC:adj-noting or pertaining to compounds that are not hydrocarbons or their derivatives. |
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| ANTIQUITIES:n-Ancient times, especially the times preceding the Middle Ages. |
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| AUTHENTIC:adj-not false or copied; genuine; real |
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| PALYNOLOGY:n-the study of live and fossil spores, pollen grains, and similar plant structures. |
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