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| natives of northern Italy they were skilled metalworkers, architects, and had there own form of writing. Romans also borrowed there religious views and they were also ruled over the Romans until 600 B.C. Under there rule Rome flourished. |
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| Twin brothers who found Rome. Legend has it they were the sons of a god and a princess who were raised by a she wolf. |
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| Fighting force. Each legion had a nickname and flag, the solders in legion were self sufficient. There were 5,000 heavily armed foot solider, soldiers on horseback, the legions were also divided into groups of 80 men called a Calvary. |
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| Form of government were power rests with citizens who vote for leaders. |
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| Aristocratic landowners who in Roman government hold most of the power. |
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| the common farmers, artisans, and merchants who make up a majority of the population. Didn’t have many governmental roles |
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| Representatives in senate from the Plebeian class |
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| Basis for Roman laws that hung in the forum on 12 tables. |
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| Two officials who directed the army and navy. |
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| General who defeated Hannibal |
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| Celtic people from the Po river valley in modern day France. |
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| City in northern Africa present day Libya |
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| 29 year old general from Carthage who had an obsession with the destruction of Rome. Began the punic wars. |
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| A series of wars between Rome and Carthage for control of Mediterranean. |
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| Rome’s greatest orator that was a strong defender of the Republic. He was killed in the second triumvirate’s purge of Caesar’s enemies. |
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| Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus |
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| Two brothers that attempted to help Rome’s poor by proposing reforms that included limiting the size of estates and giving land to the poor. Many opposed them and they both met violent deaths. |
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| An ambitious and daring leader that emerged to bring order to Rome. He was a part of the first Triumvirate that included Crassus and Pompey. |
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| The time from the beginning of Augustus’ empire in 27 BCE to 180 CE in which Rome was in a period of peace and prosperity, meaning “Roman Peace." |
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| Strong, healthy males forced to become professional fighters that fought to the death in public contests. |
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| The title Octavian accepted, meaning “exalted one.” He was the most powerful ruler of the mightiest empire of the ancient world. During his rule, Rome was in a period of peace and prosperity. |
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| A removal of people considered undesirable. |
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| Egypt’s last queen. In her quest for power, she allied with Julius Caesar and Mark Antony. She fell in love with Antony, and Caesar suspected him of trying to rule Rome from Egypt and defeated him at the naval battle of Actium. She and Mark Antony committed suicide after. |
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| A ruler in the second triumvirate that fell in love with Queen Cleopatra and was defeated at the battle of Actium. He and Cleopatra committed suicide. |
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| Caesar’s 18 year old nephew and adopted son that joined with Mark Antony and Ledipus to form the second triumvirate. He beat Antony and Cleopatra at the battle of Actium and became the unchallenged ruler of Rome. He became known as Augustus and ruled during the Pax Romana. |
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| persons employed in the civil administration of government. |
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| A Roman city in which the best example of paintings were found. Mount Vesuvius erupted, covering Pompeii in a thick layer of ash and killing about 2,000. The ash acted to preserve many buildings and works of art. |
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| The important virtue that Romans believe a person had when a person had the qualities of discipline, strength, and loyalty. Latin for weightiness. |
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| The powerful spirits or divine forces that early Romans thought resided in everything around them. |
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