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Virology
Gyimah - Sept 2010
22
Veterinary Medicine
Professional
09/08/2010

Additional Veterinary Medicine Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
T/F Viruses are cells.
Definition
False
Term
T/F A virus is metabolically active outside of the cell.
Definition
False. Outside of a susceptible cell, the viral particle is metabolically inert.
Term
T/F Viruses can possess both DNA and RNA.
Definition
False. Viruses can possess either DNA or RNA.
Term
When compared to conventional bacteria, viruses do not have a plasma membrane.
Definition
True
Term
Can viruses reproduce by binary fission?
Definition
NO!
Term
Do viruses have functional ribosomes?
Definition
No
Term
Why do we give antibiotics to animals with viral infections if the virus can not be treated by antibiotics??
Definition
Because the animal is more succeptible to secondary bacterial infections.
Term
Can a virus generate its own energy?
Definition
No
Term
Are bacterial cells sensitive to interferon?
Definition
No, only viruses
Term
What is a major reason that a virus cannot replicate on its own?
Definition
A virus is too small!!! They must use host machinery to replicate. There is not enough room inside of the virus for all that is needed.
Term
Viruses are ______ particles.
Definition
submicroscopic
Term
Do viruses release toxins?
Definition
No, the word virus means "fluid poison" but they do not actually have poisoning characteristics. This description was made because they easily passed through bacteriological filters. This left a "poisionous solution" in the beaker.
Term
What is the host range of a virus?
Definition
This is the range of animal species and tissue cells that the virus can infect. It can be broad or very limited.
Term
Explain the structural unit, capsomeres, and capsid.
Definition
The structural unit (or protomer) is a protein subunit that can be assembled into capsomeres. The capsomere will be assembled into the capsid. The capsid is the protein shell or coat that will enclose the nucleic acid genome.
Term
The structural unit of the virus is composed of one protein subunit.
Definition
False, it can be composed of one protein subunit or different protein subunits.
Term
What is the term used to describe the capsid together with the enclosed nucleic acid?
Definition
nucleocapsid
Term
What is another name for a viron without nucleic acid.
Definition
incomplete viron or empty capsid
Term
What is a helper virus?
Definition
A helper virus will assist defective viruses replicate if they are found in mixed infections.
Term
What is a pseudotype?
Definition
This occurs in co-infected cells. The genome of one virus can become encapsidated in the protein coat of the second virus.
Term
What is a pseudoviron?
Definition
Occasionally, during viral replication, the capsid may enclose host nucleic acid rather than viral. These particles will look like viruses, but they do not replicate. A pseudoviron can only be formed from viruses that replicate in the nucleus of the cell.
Term
What is an episome?
Definition
This is a fragment of extrachromosomal genetic material that may become integrated into the chromosome or may remain separate.
Term
What is a provirus?
Definition

A provirus is formed when the episome is integrated into the host cell chromosome. This is done in a latent state and must be activated before it is transcribed.

 

Progeny of the provirus will have the same genetic information as the provirus.

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