Term
| nucelocapsid of paramyxoviridae = |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| genome of paramyxoviridae = |
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Definition
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Term
| name 3 paramyxoviridae virus of imp |
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Definition
1. Canine distemper virus ( a morbillivirus)
2. Bovine syncitial resp virus (a pneuomovirus)
3. Parainfluenza |
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Term
| canine distemper virus (CDV) nucleocapsid = |
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Definition
| helical with -ssRNA and a L RNA pol |
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Term
| m protein in lipid ENV of CDV imp for |
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Definition
| creating outward budding of mb at end of replictaion |
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Term
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Definition
F peplomer
Haemagluttin (HA) R |
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Term
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Definition
mediated mb Fusion between virus and host
Also mediates fusion between cells = mutlinucleated structures of many ohst cells fused together = syncytia |
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Term
| HA R of CDV binds to what on host cell? |
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Definition
SLAM/CD150 on activated lymphocytes, monocytes and RBCs
SLAM = surface lymphocyte activating molecule |
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Term
| CDV -ssRNA coding regions = |
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Definition
| 6-10 coding regions spaced along -ssRNA each with a signal/non-coding region of intitiation, cap, termination and polyadenylation (addition of polyA tail) |
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Term
| CDV copies more structural or NSPs? |
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Definition
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Term
| CDV enters host cell by... |
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Definition
| ...adhesion of HA R and SLAM and fusion via f peplomer |
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Term
| CDV leaves host cell via... |
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Definition
| ...budding from cell surface |
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Term
| CDV spread in body via... |
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Definition
| ..viraemia in activated lymphocytes ...cell to cell fusion using f peplomer (= infect non-lymphocytes) |
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Term
| CDV infection occurs via... |
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Definition
| ...aerosol infection, infects URT lymphocytes and tonsils (NOT epi) |
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Term
| 24-48hrs after CDV infection = |
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Definition
infection of LNs
cough
+/- conjunctivitis |
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Term
| Day 4-6 of CDV infection = |
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Definition
primary viraemia
pyrexia
spread of CDV to lymphoid organs
cough |
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Term
| day 8-10 of CDV infection = |
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Definition
secondary viraemia
pyrexia
infection of non-lymphocytes by cell to cell fusion (f peplomer) = FATAL - pneumonia, catarrhal secretions, gastroenteritis |
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Term
| either get recovery from CDV infection or 20-60days into CDV infection = |
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Definition
gradual de-myelinating encephalitis (virus broken down endothelium = spread among neruones by cell to cell fusion) =
-tremors
-convulsions
-death :( |
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Term
| CDV dz severity depends on... |
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Definition
virus strain
host sp
age
immune status |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| in old dogs can get what kind of CDV infection that is V RARE? |
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Definition
encephalitis persistant non-productive infection of neruone
CDV present in neurones but not replicating |
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Term
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Definition
1. culture on buffy coat lymphocytes with mitogen (induces mitosis). Need stimulated lymphocytes so they express SLAM
2. syncytia formation down EM
3. immunofluorescence
4. virus neutralistaion
5. RT-PCR (BUT virus may mutate = false - result) |
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Term
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Definition
1. neutralising Ab against HA and f peplomer
2. ADCC (NK cells or C' lysis) - Abs detect infected cells with viral peplomers on surface
3. cytotoxic t cell - tagerts nuceloprotein (most abundant protein virus makes) |
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Term
| what is correlated with survival of CDV infection survival? |
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Definition
| an incr in neutralising Ab to a titre of 1:100 by day 10 (B4 secondary viraemia) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| live attenuated (grown in cell culture or egg adapted and loose ability to bind to SLAM) |
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Term
| how long are puppies protected by maternal Abs? |
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Definition
| up to 12 wks - this will inhibit vacc (but not measles vacc) |
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Term
| how long are puppies protected by maternal Abs? |
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Definition
| up to 12 wks - this will inhibit vacc |
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Term
| how long are puppies protected by maternal Abs? |
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Definition
| up to 12 wks - this will inhibit vacc |
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Term
| how long are puppies protected by maternal Abs? |
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Definition
| up to 12 wks - this will inhibit vacc |
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Term
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Definition
| live attenuated (grown in cell culture or egg adapted and loose ability to bind to SLAM) |
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Term
| puppies protected by maternal Abs from CDV for how long? |
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Definition
| 12wks - this will inhibit CDV , but NOT measles vacc (measles vacc can cross protect puppies in presence of maternal Abs) |
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Term
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Definition
| Bovine resp syncytial dz (BRSD) |
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Term
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Definition
| ...old cattle, calves, sheep and goats |
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Term
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Definition
...mild resp dz in old acttle
...more severe dz in claves - brinchitis, interstitila pneumonia, emphysema |
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Term
| BRSD is worse in sheeps and goats that are... |
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Definition
| ...young or on 1st time of infection |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
f peplomer
G peplomer (adhesion peplomer) |
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Term
| what BRSD proteins are transcribed the most? |
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Definition
NSPs1 and 2
(few copies of peplomers and RNA pol are made) |
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Term
| spread/ infection of BRSD = |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| lateral spread by luminal budding and cell fusion/syncytia |
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Term
| most pathology seen with BRSD is due to... |
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Definition
| ...strong inflam response (can be fatal) |
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Term
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Definition
mutant virus created
-change virus by taking things away, find out role of diff parts of virus
-can make vacc via reverse genetics |
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Term
| NSPs 1 & 2 are essential for... |
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Definition
...pathogenesis
(NOT essential for replication in vitro) |
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Term
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Definition
| block IFN induction and action |
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Term
| vacc of BRSD using reverse genetics = |
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Definition
| NSP 1 & 2 deletion mutant BRSD virus is able to infect calf but is non-pathogenic = gd way to attenuate BRSD |
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Term
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Definition
| ...virus entry ans syncytia |
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Term
| F peplomer is cleaved by... |
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Definition
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Term
| F peplomer directly activates... |
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Definition
| ...inflam by binding to Toll R 4 = activates bacterial inflam response (wrong type of inflam response! :() |
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Term
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Definition
| part of innate immune system that detects bacterial LPS |
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Term
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Definition
| 27aa fragment of F protein |
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Term
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Definition
| ...bronchoconstriction and eosinophil recruitment ( gd for para NOT viruses :() = allergic response |
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Term
| G peplomer of BRSD binds to... |
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Definition
...heparin
(heparin inhibits vlood caogulation) |
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Term
| are NSPs and Gpeplomer essential for in vitro replication? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| anchored g peplomers essential for... |
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Definition
| ...in vivo infection (but if only got anchored g peplomers = only affects nasopharynx = non-pathogenic) |
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Term
| soluble/secreted g peplomer is essential... |
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Definition
| ...in causing bronchopneumonia/pathogenesis |
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Term
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Definition
1. virus isolation from lung wash samples
2. culture shows syncytia and intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies |
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Term
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Definition
immunofluroescence
Ag capture ELISA serology
RT-PCR |
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Term
| natural immunity against BRSD = |
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Definition
short lived (only transient secretory IgA response)
Therefore reinfection is common
IgG response remains for months-yrs but in wrong place to stop infection = not helpful
CD 8+ cytotoxic Tcells |
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Term
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Definition
1. formulain inactivated virus vacc
2. modern vacc.'s |
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Term
| problem with formulain inactivated virus vacc = |
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Definition
causes more severe dz! :(
enhances inflam and immune complexes - lots of eosino for allergic or para infections = no help for viral infection
cuases C' fixation of infected cells and surrounding normal cells
causes Th2 response = wrong response to combat viral infection |
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Term
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Definition
1. inactivated cell culture with Quil A - produce Ab response against F peplomer
2. live attenuated IM vacc
3. recombinant NSP 1&2 knockout virus = gd solid protection against dz but doesnt get rid of virus completley |
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Term
| parainfluenza virus causes |
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Definition
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Term
| repeated infection of parainfluenza? |
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Definition
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Term
| sp affected by parainfluenza? |
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Definition
wide range
yearling cattle and sheep = most affected |
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Term
| how does parainfluenza bind to host cells? |
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Definition
| HA and NA nind to sialic acid |
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Term
| peplomers of parainfluenza = |
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Definition
| f peplomer = can cause syncytia |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| parainfluenza 3 virus infects... |
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Definition
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Term
| parainfluenza 3 exits resp epi cells via... |
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Definition
| ...luminal surface and spreads only to URT |
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Term
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Definition
relatively mild resp dz:
-fever
-loss of appetite
-serous nasal discharge
-cough
for 3-4days duration |
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Term
| parainfluenza 3 is most severe in... |
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Definition
| ...calves and lambs under stress or in co-infection with other viruses where interstitial pneumonia can develop |
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Term
| with canine parvovirus 2, Abs are found... |
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Definition
| ...worldwide in dogs and can infect a wide range of other hosts |
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Term
| canine parvoinfluenza virus 2 usually causes... |
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Definition
| ...only mild dz, but can be part of kennel cough |
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Term
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Definition
| = sudden onset of fever, cough, nasal secretions lasting 3-14 days |
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Term
| vacc of canine parainfluenza virus 2 = |
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Definition
live attenuated cell culture vacc (grow in vitro = loose genes that block IFN response (NSPs) as in vitro no need to block IFN)
often give in combo with other virus vacc's |
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Term
| main drive for canine parainfluenza virus 2 vacc = |
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Definition
| kennel Os, want dogs vacc b4 go into kennels |
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