Term
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Definition
| Taste, smell, hearing and vision |
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Term
| What are the primary taste sensations? |
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Definition
| In humans – sweet, sour, salty, and bitter |
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Term
| Trace the gustatory pathway |
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Definition
- taste buds are tiny, rounded structures made up of gustatory (sensory) cells and supporting cells
- tiny openings on the surface of each taste bud, the taste pores, allow dissolved substances to enter the taste buds and contact the sensory receptors
- the sensory receptors are tiny, hairlike processes (modified dedrites) from the gustatory cells that project up into the taste pores.
- When appropriate chemical substances dissolved into the saliva come in contact with the sensory processes, nerve impulses are generated that travel to the brain and are interpreted as particular tastes |
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Term
| Trace the olfactory pathway from the mucus membrane to the olfactory center of the brain. |
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Definition
- two patches of olfactory epithelium located high up in both nasal passages
- sensory (olfactory) cells are mized with supporting cells in these epithelial patches
- hairlike processes (modified dendrites) from the surfaces of the olfactory cells project up into the mucous layer that covers the nasal epithelium
- when odor molecules dissolve in the mucus and contact the sensory processes, nerve impulses are generated that travel to the brain and are interpreted as particular smells |
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Term
| List and briefly describe the 3 anatomical divisions of the ear. |
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Definition
- external ear – acts as a funnel to collect sound wave vibrations and direct them to the eardrum
- middle ear – amplifies and transmits the vibrations from the eardrum to the inner ear
- inner ear – contains the actual sensory receptors that convert the mechanical vibrations to nerve impulses, along with receptors for the equilibrium sense |
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Term
| What is the primary cause of motion sickness? |
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Definition
| Disagreement between the sensory receptors and what the eyes are seeing |
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