Term
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Definition
| used to remove excess extracellular fluid by increasing urine flow and sodium excretion and reduing hypertension |
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Term
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Definition
| Increased or excessive production of urine. |
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Term
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Definition
| reduce edema by inhibiting reabsorption of sodium, chloride, and water, Their duration of action is longer than that of loop diuretics |
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Term
| Describe the classifications of diuretics and give examples of each. |
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Definition
Loop diuretics are highly potent diuretics that inhibit the tubular reabsorption of sodium. Once administered, their actions are generally rapid. They also promote the excretion of chloride, potassium and water. Some pts on long-term may need potassium supplementation.
Osmotic diuretics can be admin IV to promote diuresis by exerting high osmotic pressure in the kidney tubules and limiting tubular reabsorption. Water is drawn into the glomerular filtrate, reducing its reabsorption and increasing the excretion of water. May be used to treat oliguric acute renal failure and to reduce intracranial pressure
Thiazide diuretics reduce edema by inhibiting reabsorption of sodium, chloride, and water. Duration of action longer than loop diuretics.
Potassium-sparing diuretics have weaker diuretic and antihypertensive effects than other diuretics, but they have the ability to conserve potassium. Aka aldosterone antagonists. Work by antagonizing aldosterone, an adrenal mineralcorticoid. This action enhances the excretion of sodium and water and reduces the excretion of potassium. Aldosterone secretion may be a factor in edema assoc with heart failure. |
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Term
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Definition
| Loop diuretics are highly potent diuretics that inhibit the tubular reabsorption of sodium. Once administered, their actions are generally rapid. They also promote the excretion of chloride, potassium and water. Some pts on long-term may need potassium supplementation. |
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Term
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Definition
| Osmotic diuretics can be admin IV to promote diuresis by exerting high osmotic pressure in the kidney tubules and limiting tubular reabsorption. Water is drawn into the glomerular filtrate, reducing its reabsorption and increasing the excretion of water. May be used to treat oliguric acute renal failure and to reduce intracranial pressure |
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Term
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Definition
| Thiazide diuretics reduce edema by inhibiting reabsorption of sodium, chloride, and water. Duration of action longer than loop diuretics. |
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Term
| Potassium-sparing diuretics |
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Definition
| Potassium-sparing diuretics have weaker diuretic and antihypertensive effects than other diuretics, but they have the ability to conserve potassium. Aka aldosterone antagonists. Work by antagonizing aldosterone, an adrenal mineralcorticoid. This action enhances the excretion of sodium and water and reduces the excretion of potassium. Aldosterone secretion may be a factor in edema assoc with heart failure. |
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