Term
| True or false Catheters should be inspected daily for swelling, redness, pain, wetness, or discharge? |
|
Definition
| false, every few hours you need to look at the insertion site and also the leg proximally and distally to the insertion site. |
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Term
| How long can you leave in a catheter before replacing it? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name 2 frequent sites of IV catheter leaks. |
|
Definition
| injection caps and extention sets |
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|
Term
| When should you flush a catheter? |
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Definition
| If continuous fluids, every 8-12 hours- if not hooked to fluids, every 4-6 hours- before and after unhooking a patient- after injecting medication |
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Term
| When should you turn the IV pump off or to standby when administering medication? |
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Definition
| If administering multiple medications through a catheter |
|
|
Term
| How much hep/saline should you use to flush a catheter? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| _____ international units(IU) can be added to a fluid bag to make hep/saline flush. |
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Definition
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Term
| A complex series of events involving vessels, platelets, coagulation factors, and the fibrinolytic system? |
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Definition
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Term
| Platelets adhere to the injured area and form a complete but unstable plug in ____ hemostasis |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Secondary hemostasis involves plasma _____ ______. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Another name for fibrinolysis is _____ ____. |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Name a few things to note when doing a patient history for a possible transfusion recipient. |
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Definition
| diagnosed diseases, current medications, vaccination history, environmental factors, history of bleeding tendancy, and breed history |
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Term
| Name 4 different types of bleeding if not caused by trauma that usually suggest platelet or vascular abnormalities. |
|
Definition
| petechia, ecchymoses, epistaxis, and hematuria |
|
|
Term
| Name three signs that suggest clotting factor dificiencies if there has been no trauma. |
|
Definition
| hematoma formation, hemarthroses, and deep muscle hemorrhage |
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|
Term
| Lethargy, weakness, pale MM, tachycardia, tachypena, and bounding pulse are all signs of what? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Name some ways to assess profusion. |
|
Definition
| MM color, CRT, heart rate, pulse rate, pulse rhythm, pulse strength, pulse volume, pulse character, and sychronicity of pulse with the heart rate |
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|
Term
| Abnormal bleeding may occur with platelet counts below _____ /ul |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Dehydration=increase in ___ and _____ tests. |
|
Definition
| PCV and total plasma protein |
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|
Term
| ____ in PCV and total plasma protein are seen with acute blood loss or hemodilution |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Hemolytic anemias and nonregenerative anemias decrease ____ % alone. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| _-__ platelets should be seen per 100x field |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| 1 platelet per 100x field represents ____ platelets in circulation. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| ___ blood types have been identified in dogs. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| A canine universal donor is DEA (Dog Erythrocyte Antigen) ___ negative, DEA ___ negative, and DEA ___ negative. |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| True or false a dog can safely be given a transfusion for the first time without cross matching. |
|
Definition
| True but only with the first transfusion after that they develop alloantibodies. |
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|
Term
| Felines have __ different blood types. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Nearly all domestic shorthairs have type __ blood and many purebreds have type ___. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Type B cats have ____ anti-A alloantibodies and type A cats have ____ anti B alloantibodies |
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Definition
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|
Term
| True or false If a type A cat mates with a type B cat you will get all type AB kittens |
|
Definition
| False Type AB is extremely rare |
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|
Term
| There is no universal donor in cats. The rare type AB cat can be transfused with type ___. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| It can be fatal is a type _ cat is transfused with type _ blood. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is neonatal isoerythrolysis? |
|
Definition
| A condition caused when a type B queen is impregnated with type A kittens by a type A tom. The antiodies in the colostrum destroy the RBCs in the kittens. |
|
|
Term
| Type _ RBCs will survive only minutes to hours if transfused into a type _ cat. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Type _ RBCs have a half life of 2 days if transfused into a type _ cat. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Requirements for canine blood donors |
|
Definition
| 1. minimum 1 year 2. at least 25kg 3. healthy and current on vaccines, not on medication, good temperment, annually tested, hemocrit should be >40% and hemolobin should be >13.5g/dl, normal clotting factors |
|
|
Term
| Requirements for feline blood donors |
|
Definition
| 100% indoor cat, large(at least 5kg), good natured, lean, young adult, current on vaccinations, annually tested, and hematocrit >35% and hemoglobin >11g/dl |
|
|
Term
| What is the most popular collection system in veterinary medicine? |
|
Definition
| Vacuum glass bottles containing ACD anticoagulant-preservative solution |
|
|
Term
| What does a crossmatch test tell us? |
|
Definition
| It is used to identiy antibodies in donor or recipient plama against the recipient or donor RBCs |
|
|
Term
| Major blood crossmatch tests detect alloantibodies in the ____ plasma against the _______ RBCs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Minor cross match tests detect alloantibodies in the _____ plasma against the _______ RBCs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Refrigerated blood can be warmed by allowing it to sit at room temperaure for ___ minutes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Blood product should not be exposed to temperatures above _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Infusing large amounts of cold blood can cause _____ and _______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ___ to ___ ml/kg=ml whole blood needed |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ___-____ml/kg=ml pRBCs needed or ml FFP needed |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| At what rate should blood be administered initially and for how long? |
|
Definition
| 1 ml/kg for the first 15 minute |
|
|
Term
| Before infusion, what baseline values should be recorded? |
|
Definition
| attitude, temperature, pulse rate and quality, respiration rate and chracter, MM color, CRT, PCV, TPP, and plasma and urine color |
|
|
Term
| Monitor transfusion patient for the first couple of hours every ___ minutes. Patients should be monitered every __ minutes at the most. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ___% of RBCs must survive for more than ___ hours for a transfusion to be considered successful. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name some clinical signs of immune-mediated hemolytic reactions. |
|
Definition
| fever, tachycardia, weakness, tremors, vomiting, collapse, hemoglobinemia, and hemoglobinuria |
|
|
Term
| _________ transfusion reactions are the result of antibodies to WBCs, platelets, or plasma proteins |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are some factors associated with non-immune-mediated transfusion reactions? |
|
Definition
| Trauma to RBCs(misshandling in collection, storagewarming or infusing); bacterial pyrogens and sepsis(improper storage or collection) |
|
|
Term
| Common signs of non-immune-mediated reactions are: |
|
Definition
| tremors, arrythmias, and decreased cardiac output |
|
|
Term
| ______ can occur in any type of transfusion reaction |
|
Definition
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