Term
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Definition
Separate area from hospital
Good lighting
Lots of storage and counter space
Even temp (quality control)
Minimal drafts (artifacts, contamination)
Sink
Organized storage to avoid clutter
Fridge/freezer
Multiple outlets, surge protected |
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Term
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Definition
Eye wash stations
Fire extinguishers
Spill clean up kits
Gloves
Biohazard waste containers
Sharps |
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Term
| Common Equipment found in Labs |
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Definition
Microscope
Centrifuge
Refractrometer
Chemistry analyzer
CBC machine |
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Term
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Definition
Needed in all labs
Needed for blood, urine, feces, semen, cytology, histology, scrapes |
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Term
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Definition
Eyepieces of scope
Magnifies 10x
Use both eyes |
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Term
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Definition
4x scanning red
10x low power yellow
40 x high power dry blue
100x oil immersion white |
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Term
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Definition
objective lens x ocular lens
image seen is upside down and reversed |
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Term
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Definition
Ocular Lens
Objective lenses
Stage
Light source
Condenser
Diaphragm
Course and fine focus
Power |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Focuses light onto slide
Can be raised or lowered to change focus/brightness |
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Term
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Definition
Iris-like
Adjusts amount of light let through |
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Term
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Definition
Moves stage up and down
Large movements
Used with 4x and 10x only |
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Term
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Definition
Moves stage up and down
Small movements
Must be used with 40x and 100x |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Clean lenses regularly with lens paper and cleaner only
Replace burnt out bulbs - don't touch new bulb with fingers
Keep covered away from heat, humidity, and liquids
Carry with two hands holding arm and base |
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Term
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Definition
Separates supernatant (liquids) from sediment (solids)
-plasma from blood cells
-urine from cells/crystals
Centrifuge must be balanced |
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Term
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Definition
Horizontal/swinging arm
Angled head
Microhematocrit |
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Term
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Definition
cups hang vertically and swing out as centrifuge spins
Samples at risk of remixing |
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Term
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Definition
Fixed angle
Better at not remixing but less user friendly |
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Term
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Definition
Used only for MCHT tubes
PCV/TP
Small volumes |
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Term
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Definition
Measures refraction of liquids
Calibrated to zero with distilled water
Used in urine SG and TP
g/dL
Clean after use and store in protected case |
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Term
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Definition
Most based on photometry
Sample substances react with cartridge to produce color change which is read by machine
Dependent on enzyme activity - temp control is important |
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Term
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Definition
"Counts" cells - RBCs, WBCs, Plts
Impedance, quantitative buffy coat, and laser based CBC machines |
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Term
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Definition
Passes electricity through cells and measures charge
Different charge = different cells
Requires fluids |
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Term
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Definition
Differential centrifugation
Estimation |
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Term
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Definition
Measures changes in light/scatter
Each cell acts differently when his by laser |
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Term
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Definition
Analysis of electrolytes-NA, K, Cl, HCO3
Electrochemical methods
-electrodes that interact with only 1 ion type
-measures change in electricity
-correlates to quantity |
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Term
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Definition
Used mostly for microbiology
Maintains 37 C heat or growing cultures |
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Term
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Definition
Heating tubes to stay warm
Coagulation studies |
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Term
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Definition
Procedures done to ensure testing is getting correct results
Keep records of tests to monitor for changes/trends over time
Log problems |
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Term
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Definition
| How close results agree with true value |
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Term
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Definition
| Reproducibility of results |
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Term
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Definition
Ability to be accurate and precise
Desired in any piece of equipment |
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Term
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Definition
Run to ensure results are correct
Bottle with known results |
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Term
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Definition
Run to ensure machine is reading nothing as nothing
Should get 0 (or close to) as results |
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Term
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Definition
Inherent to patient-can't control
Difficulty in draw
Sample mishandled (frozen, left out)
Wrong name written on tube
Transcription error (numbers usually) |
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Term
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Definition
Wrong test run
Poorly maintained equipment
Machine not at proper temperature
Run incorrectly
Electrical surge/drop-outs |
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Term
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Definition
| Incorrect recording of results |
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Term
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Definition
AKA Normal Values
Some variation between machines, reference labs, textbooks
Use reference ranges provided with test as much as possible-more accurate interpretation |
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Term
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Definition
EDTA
CBC's, some serology tests
Good for cell morphology-doesn't alter shape
Not for plasma samples in chem analysis-binds calcium, affects liver enzymes |
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Term
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Definition
Li Heparin
Plasma separator
Prevents clotting
Gives plasma/whole blood sample
Useful for chem analysis |
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Term
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Definition
Nothing in them
Allows clotting
Serum samples
Chemistries |
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Term
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Definition
Serum separator tubes
Speeds up clotting
Easier to pipette off serum |
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Term
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Definition
Sodium Citrate
Used for coagulation studies
Finicky tube-fill just right, keep cold
Not useful for CBC's or chems-messes with cell morphology and chemistry values |
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Term
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Definition
Potassium Oxalate with Sodium Fluroide
Useful for glucose studies
Not common
Not to be confused with Activated Clotting Time Tubes |
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Term
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Definition
Cultures
Blue (coags)/ACT
Red/Tiger
Green
Purple
Grey |
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