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| Federal law passed in 1996, protects animals used in research, teaching, and exhibition. Covers transport, housing, and uses. Does not cover rats, mice, farm animals (not used in research), reptiles, pet shops, shelter animals. Birds are covered, but no regs have been written. |
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| Animal and Plant Health Inspection Services; responsible for developing and enforcing regulations; issuing licenses, conducting inspections and investigations. |
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| Protects horses against "soring" in shows, sales, exhibitions, or auctions |
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| "The Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals" is the primary reference on animal care and use published by the Inst. for Lab Animal Research, covers all animals used in research, funded by Public Health Service. |
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| Three R's of Animal Welfare |
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| Refinement of techniques to reduce suffering (must provide analgesia), Reduction of numbers of animals used, Replacement of animal's with artificial models |
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| Animal Welfare Information Center is a clearing house for information about animals used in research, researchers/investigators must check with AWIC to see if experiments have been done before to avoid repetition. |
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| American Association for Lab Animal Science - large, all-encompassing group for lab animal research, certifies Lab Animal Technicians |
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| American Association for the Accreditation of Lab Animal Care - like AAHA for Laboratory facilities |
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| American College of Lab Animal Medicine - first specialty for vets |
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| American Society of Lab Animal Practitioners - any lab personnel can join |
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| Office of Lab Animal Welfare - branch of Public Health Service |
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| National Institute of Health - largest funding source for research |
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| People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (Animal Rights Org.) |
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| Humane Society of the United States |
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| Animal Human Society (Animal rights org.) |
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| Association of Veterinarians for Animal Rights; in 2008 joined with HSUS to form the HSVMA - the Humane Society Veterinary Medical Association |
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| [image] Rat and mouse restrainer designed specifically for tail vein injections |
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| 20 generations of brother-sister breeding to produce nearly genetically identical individuals |
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| "Outbred," not bred specifically for research or a specific trait |
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| removing living cells, tissue, or organs from one species and putting it into another |
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| adding a gene to an animal |
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| removing a gene from an animal, high rate of lethality |
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| Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) |
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| certified free of a specific disease or pathogen |
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| having a known flora of microorganisms |
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| having no organisms present in the body, they are cesarian derived and barrier sustained |
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| must live in a "bubble" to survive, immunocompromised or immunosuppressed |
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| removes 99.97% of air born particles 0.3 microns in diameter, used to prevent the spread of airborn pathogens |
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| an animal used specifically to monitor the health of the other animals and to make sure the study animals are not contracting a certain disease, it is not used in the study |
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| Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee |
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| controlled ventilation in which air flows from one end of a room to the other in a smooth "sheet" or "wall", no turbulence |
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| performed not in a living organism, but in a controlled environment |
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| experimentation using a whole, living organism as opposed to a partial or dead organism, or an in vitro controlled environment |
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| opposed to surgery conducted for experimental purposes on a living organism |
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| Animals bred specifically for research and specific traits |
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| any observable characteristic or trait of an organism: such as its morphology, development, biochemical or physiological properties, or behavior |
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| Animal Legal Defense Fund (Animal rights organization) |
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| Hybrid mice are produced by crossing two inbred strains. |
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