Term
| Immune Mediated Hemolytic Anemia (IMHA) |
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Definition
| decreased RBC lifespan, RBC surface coated in immunoglobulins (antibodies), cells are removed by immune system, m.c. cause of hemolytic anemia in dogs. Usually idiopathic, 4x more prevelent in females. |
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Term
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Definition
| lethargy, weakness, depression, pale mm, +/- icterus, spenomegaly, hepatomegaly |
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Term
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Definition
| Usually idiopathic, may be drug induced |
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Term
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Definition
| Trimethoprim sulfa, penicillin, methimazole (Tapazole) |
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Term
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Definition
| CBC - regenerative anemia, spherocytes; Coombs test +, autoagglutination + |
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Term
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Definition
| Glucocorticoids (Prednisone prefered), other immunosupressive drugs, spenectomy in dogs |
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Term
| Immune Mediated Thrombocytopenia (IMTP) |
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Definition
| destruction of circulating platelets and sometimes megakaryocytes, surface of platelet is usually covered with AB, destruction occurs in bone marrow, spleen, and liver. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Trimethoprim sulfa, penicillin, acetaminophen |
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Term
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Definition
| Petechia, ecchymosis, bleeding in the GI tract, epistaxis, UTIs, weakness, lethargy |
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Term
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Definition
| Platelet count <30,000/um, clinical signs, response to tx |
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Term
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Definition
| Prednisone is drug of choice, can be used w/ other immunosupressive drugs |
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Term
| Things to remember when handling IMTP patients |
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Definition
Do NOT use jugular
Apply pressure to venipuncture site for longer period of time, apply pressure bandage, and be gentle |
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Term
| Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) |
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Definition
| First isolated in 1987, lentivirus, infection begins in lymph and salivary tissues and spreads to other tissue, changes ablility of lymphocytes to perform immune functions. Outdoor, free-roaming cats are most at risk, more males than females affected, usually middle aged to older cats (6-8 yrs avg dx) |
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Term
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Definition
| Bite wounds, blood transfusions, fomites (rare), kittens from mother, other bodily fluids |
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Term
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Definition
| Mild Clinical signs - fever, lethargy, general lymphadenopathy |
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Term
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Definition
| usually no clinical signs, however dz is still progressing, and is still a carrier |
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Term
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Definition
| Opportunitic infections throughout body, chronic URI, chronic stomatitis, chronic enteritis, persistent dermatomycosis, ocular dz, tumors, chronic wasting, neuro signs |
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Term
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Definition
| ELISA tests for the presence of AB, kittens may have false positive d.t. maternal antibodies - retest after 6 mos of age |
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Term
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Definition
| No cure, there are antiviral drugs available but they are expensive, otherwise supportive care |
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Term
| FIV Client Educ. and Management |
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Definition
| Test all new additions to household, does not grow in human cells, confine cat indoors, use good nutrition, routine parasite control, and immunosupressive drugs only if necessary |
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Term
| Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) |
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Definition
| Retrovirus, neoplastic or non-neoplastic (immunosupressive), bone marrow |
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Term
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Definition
| Through fighting (saliva), grooming, shared bowels, litter pan, transplacental, transmammary. Does not live long in the environment, but can be transmitted via fomites. Requires close, intimate contact. Kittens are most susceptible. |
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Term
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Definition
| Fever, anorexia, wt. loss, anemia, myelosuppression, vominting, diarrhea, tumors of lymphoid origin, neurological signs, secondary infections (all very vague) |
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Term
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Definition
| ELISA, IFA, CBC - nonregenerative anemia, radiology/ultrasound - neoplasia in chest |
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Term
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Definition
| Can test kittens at any age, but infection in newborns may not be detected until weeks to months after birth, if ELISA and IFA positive - highly likely to be persistently infected, FeLV vaccine will NOT induce positive results |
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Term
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Definition
| No cure, symptomatic support, antiviral therapy, immunomodulators (interferon), chemotherapy for neoplasia, appetite stimulants, euthanasia |
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Term
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Definition
| Isolate from other cats, keep indoors, vax for other dz and rabies, eliminate stress, do not breed, vax other cats |
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