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Definition
>government agency
-help former slaves
-best of government intentions |
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>Thaddeus Stevens
-pushed Lincoln for emancipation proclamation
>cared about the rights of former slaves |
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Term
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1860s
>Lincolns vice president when he was assassinated
-Loner, stubborn, southerner, childhood poverty, self educated
-hated planter elite
-joined union because of social/wealth reasons not slavery freedom |
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| African American men can vote |
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1) no interracial marriage
2) no firearms, alcohol, congregation
3) segregation |
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Definition
>Ku Klux Klan 1866
-terrorists
-had members from the planter elite
-started out as a gentlemen's club
-dressed like dead confederate soldiers
goal: regulate status of former slaves |
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Term
| Southern Reconstruction Governments |
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Definition
>White house favored minimal approach
-no rights for freedmen, quick construction
>Congress favored radical approach
-rights fro freedmen, displace confederate elite
>10 percent plan
-10% or more of voter population of a state had to take an oath and set up loyal government
-by 1864 Louisiana and Arkansas had union gov.
>wade-davis plan
-50% voters pledge loyalty
-only those who swear they were never confederates could run for office
>congress overridden Johnson's veto of the civil rights act
*first time a veto was overridden
>tenure office act
-required senate approval for president to remove cabinet offices and officials who needed to be appointed by state |
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Definition
native american reform
-change in people in charge
-- less corruption and money waste
-church officals
--appointiess were just as corrupt as political appointees
--didnt allow free religion |
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native american reform 1887
-allotment of land 160 acres for head of household, 80 acres for single male, 40 acres for children
-congress wanted the NA to farm
-left over land goes to settlers
-dissolve treaties and reservations
-convert indians
-Assimilation with good intentions |
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Term
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Definition
started by Oliver Kelley 1867
AKA Patrons of Husbandry
-social education club 1 mil. members |
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Definition
peoples party "populists" 1892
nominate james weaver for president
agrarian agenda
-8hr day earn factory workers support
-immigration restriction
-coinage of silver bimetallic standard |
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Definition
| the political doctrine that supports the rights and powers of the common people in there struggle with the privileged elite |
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ranchers had to drive cattle over hundreds of miles to slaughter and sell
-took long horn cattle by train from south texas to chicago |
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grew from a vision of a Paiute messiah named Wovoka
-believed that the dance will give them back their lands and make the white man disappear |
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1869 founded
-persuaded broad gauge reforms
-accepted everyone regardless of race or skills |
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American Federation of Labor
-only skilled workers
-strikes for higher wages
-boss threatened to replace their jobs by unskilled workers and machines |
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Definition
-paid less than men
-worked dangerous conditions |
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Definition
1)Skilled workers
-white protestant English speaking managers
"manly bearing toward the boss"
2)Semi-skilled workers
-immigrants n. Europe
3)Unskilled workers
-stuck in same level |
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Definition
-long hours low pay
-mechanization is break down of skilled jobs to machines
-inhumane/monotonous
-Taylorism (scientific time management) assembly lines
-"blue Monday" Sundays only day off
-quitting 100% turnover |
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Term
| Principle of limited liability |
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Definition
| limits the maximum amount stockholders can lose if the company fails |
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Definition
-family was immigrants
-worked at textile as bobbing boy
-works up to messenger boy then telegraph operator
-super intendent at RR company
-invests in steel
-used vertical intergration
-biggest |
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Definition
-grew because of Bessemer process
-improved steel allowed the expansion of the rail roads
-Carnegie was number one producer |
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-white collars
-middle class |
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| Government and big business |
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Definition
government didn't know how to punish corporations
-corporations had US citizenship |
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| ownership of all aspects of business |
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-"custodial presidents"
-no political action
-Gilded thin layer of gold over cheap metal
- |
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state rights over federal rights and tended to favor free trade
-tended to look at the country as many different countries |
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the future of the country was within the city and factories
"whats good for me is good for you"
if you vote for your party you will be rewarded materially |
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-hand out government jobs and contracts
-people get into office because of favors and bribes |
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| Women's political culture |
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Definition
-women were very religious and spiritual
-men are smart and strong
-women are not political they should take care of family |
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| boss would bribe workers to vote for their candidate for a reward |
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Definition
1892 pennsylvania
-at Carneige plant
-Carneige hires Pinkerton detective agency
-slashes wages gets replacements
-puts 2nd in command Mr. Frick
-Pinkertons and scabs loses fight to union
-Carneige gets pennsylvania guard |
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Definition
1894 pullman palace car company Illinos
-pullman cuts wages and increases rent at company housing
-Eugene Debs leads strikes
-strike union tells all workers to not go to work at pullman cars
-Governer Altgeld refuses to give milita to pullman
-pullman asks federal government for troops and gets 2000 troops vs workers |
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Definition
-ran for president several times as socialist
-leader of pullman strike
-founding members of Industrial Workers of the World |
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-Abner Doubleday baseball inventor
-Alexander Cartwright first guy to write down base ballrules
-Harry Wright showed that money could be made by creating a traveling team
-1876 first national league |
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Term
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Definition
-most popular college sport
-many men killed and seriously injured
-1910 NCAA
-1909 30 men killed 260 seriously injured |
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| -a place where all social classes came together at amusement parks |
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-no drinking good girls
-Frances Willard becomes the president
-showed how women played in politics |
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-designed the expansion at central park
-was an architect
-olmstead and vaux teamed up and created central park |
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-opened in 1857 but expanded in 1873
-place to have fun
-city people get connected to outdoors |
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africans americans cannot play sports
-they played in own league |
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Definition
-a great nation has a great navy
-US needs supply stations around world
-US needs a canal |
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Definition
1890 declared frontier closed
-anexitey for americans because expanding west defines american character |
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Term
| Economic reasons for empire |
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Definition
-US wanted control over hemisphere
-US wanted to keep up with great Briton
-US wanted to be and exporter
-US wanted to expand because frontier was closed |
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Term
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Definition
-cuba wanted independence from spain
-rebels put in reconcentration camps |
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Term
| Spanish American Cuban Filipino War |
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Definition
-started because USS Maine exploded
-US press blames spain
-President McKinley declares war on spain April 24, 1898
Cuba
-invades cuba won the war because of powerful navy
-theodore roosevelts charge
Filipines
-US creates reconcentration camps in filipines to stop rebellion |
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Term
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Definition
leader of Filipino libre movement
asked us for independence but instead US took over Filipinos |
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Definition
-horrible conditions
-make rebels conform and work |
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Definition
-natural that white people rule others
-natural that some countries rule other countries |
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Teddy Roosevelt's troops
-his college buddies and cowboy friends formed together to fight in Cuba
-voluntary army
-they wanted skilled riders and good shots |
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Definition
-people accept big business
-reformers curb abuse by big business |
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Term
| Characteristics and Attitudes of Progressives |
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Definition
-faith in progress, no more social Darwinism
-interventionism: if you have the power you must fix the problem
-social gospel: the idea to create a heaven on earth
-science of technology belief that technology will stop the problem
-rise of the experts skilled scientist will solve the problems |
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Term
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Definition
"best way to protect form radicalism is to protect rights"
-1880s young politician
-lieutenant in army
-loved outdoors
-concerned about monopolies
-become president after Pres. McKinley assassination in 1901
-progressive movement leader |
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Term
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Definition
-democratic president in 1912 election
-believed in new freedom: law should come from local governments |
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Term
| Types of progressive reform |
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Definition
-safer food
-controlled drugs
-better working conditions |
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Term
| social control vs. social justice |
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Definition
-SJ child labor laws,
-adamson law 8hr work day for RR workers |
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Term
| Progressive reform in government |
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Definition
Theodore Roosevelt regulator acts
-Interstate Commerce Commission
-Hepburn Railway Act
-Meat Inspection Act
-Pure Food and Drug Act |
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Term
| Women's sufferage movement |
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Definition
-started by wealthy women
-women trade union league 1903
-NAWSA created by Carrie Chapmancatt
--"Winning plan" slow but steady
-National Women's Party
--created by Alice Paul Feminism
---they were demanding and used tactics from British suffragist
-Margaret Sanger
--poor immigrants ask her about birth control
--she opens first birth control clinic
--she gets arrested |
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Term
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Definition
-separation
-restrictions on slaves
-they became widespread in the south after reconstruction |
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Term
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Definition
| -"separate but equal" 1896 |
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Term
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Definition
-African Americans are treated unjust]
-they had no chance in court |
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Definition
1890-1945
-3,787 victims
-Ida Wells Barnett
--campaigns against lynchings
--lectured in Europe |
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Definition
-started Tuskegee institute
-didn't want social equality but wanted economic equaltiy |
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Term
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Definition
-trade school for african americans
-started by Booker T. Washington |
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Term
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Definition
NAACP
-rejects B.T. Washingtons accomodationism
-Niagra movement
-against jim crow laws |
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Term
| Phases of Reconstruction (Essay Question) |
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Definition
>#1 presidential reconstruction
1865-66 (planter victory)
president Johnson
-all white southerns hold state constitutional conventions
--then submit for president approval
-(1) repudiate secession
-(2)ratify 13th amendment
-(3)planter elite cannot participate unless apply for presidential pardon
*confederate leaders got back in power
-congress angry that johnson went behind their back and admitted southern states
>#2 congressional reconstruction
1866-77
-divide south into 5 military districts
-expansion of freedmens bureau
--just trials in the south
-south states had to ratify
13th, 14th, and 15th amendments
-NO BLACK CODES
>#3 end of reconstruction
-americans want to be don with recon.
--costly to keep troops
-americans want to expand west
--railroads and businesses
--people are tired and distracted
-neutralization of 14th and 15th amend.
-grandfather clause
--if your grandfather didnt vote you cant
-literacy test was impossible to pass
-by 1900 the south freedmen are disenfranchised |
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Term
| Gilded Age Politics (Essay Question) |
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Definition
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| Working Class (Essay Question) |
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Definition
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Term
| Rise of Industrialization/Urbanization (Essay Question) |
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Definition
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Term
| Imperialism (Essay Question) |
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Definition
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Term
Rise of Consumerism/Amusement
(Essay Question) |
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Definition
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Term
| African American life under Jim Crow (Essay Question) |
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Definition
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Term
Experiences of Native Americans
(Essay Question) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-said vote for him and he will end reconstruction
-pulled out troops
-compromise of 1877 pull out troops if he won |
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