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Us History Cards
History
40
History
10th Grade
09/19/2013

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Term
Gross National Product
Definition
the total value of goods produced and services provided by a country during one year, equal to the gross domestic product plus the net income from foreign investments.
Term
Edwin Drake
Definition
American Oiler Driller
Term
Laissez Faire
Definition
A policy or attitude of letting things take their own course
Term
Entrepreneur
Definition
a person who organizes and operates a business or businesses, taking on greater than normal financial risks in order to do so.
Term
Alexander Graham Bell
Definition
(1847–1922), US scientist, born in Scotland. He invented a method for transmitting speech electrically and gave the first public demonstration of the telephone in 1876
Term
Thomas Edison
Definition
(1847–1931), US inventor; full name Thomas Alva Edison. He took out the first of more than 1,000 patents at the age of 21. His inventions include automatic telegraph systems, the carbon microphone for telephones, the phonograph, and the carbon filament lamp.
Term
Morrill Tariff
Definition
Protective tariff adopted in 1886 by president James
Term
Time zone
Definition
an area or stretch of land having a particular characteristic, purpose, or use, or subject to particular restriction
Term
land grant
Definition
a grant of public land, esp. to an institution, organization, or to particular groups of people.
Term
integrate
Definition
combine (one thing) with another so that they become a whole
Term
Pacific Railway Act
Definition
series of acts of Congress that promoted the construction of the transcontinental railroad in the United States
Term
Grenville Dodge
Definition
was a Union army officer on the frontier and during the Civil War, a U.S. Congressman,
Term
Leland Stanford
Definition
Term
Cornelius Vanderbilt
Definition
US businessman and philanthropist.
Term
Jay Gould
Definition
US financier; full name Jason Gould. With James Fisk and Daniel Drew 1797–1879, he gained control of the Erie Railroad in 1868 through stock manipulation
Term
Credit Mobilier
Definition
an American railroad construction company setup by the Union Pacific Railroad
Term
James J. Hill
Definition
was a Canadian-American railroad executive
Term
corporation
Definition
a company or group of people authorized to act as a single entity
Term
stock
Definition
the goods or merchandise kept on the premises of a business or warehouse and available for sale or distribution
Term
economies of scale
Definition
the wealth and resources of a country or region, esp. in terms of the production and consumption of goods and services.
Term
pool
Definition
a small area of still water, typically one formed naturally.
Term
vertical integration
Definition
the combination in one company of two or more stages of production normally operated by separate companies.
Term
horizontal integration
Definition
is a strategy where a company creates or acquires production units for outputs which are alike
Term
monopoly
Definition
the exclusive possession or control of the supply or trade in a commodity or service
Term
trust
Definition
firm belief in the reliability, truth, ability, or strength of someone or something
Term
holding company
Definition
a company created to buy and possess the shares of other companies, which it then controls.
Term
Andrew Carnegie
Definition
US industrialist and philanthropist; born in Scotland. After building up a fortune in the steel industry
Term
John D. Rockefeller
Definition
was an American industrialist and philanthropist
Term
deflation
Definition
the action or process of deflating or being deflated
Term
trade union
Definition
another term for labor union
Term
industrial union
Definition
a union whose members all work in various capacities in a single industry.
Term
black list
Definition
is a list or register of entities who, for one reason or another, are being denied a particular privilege, service, mobility, access or recognition
Term
lockout
Definition
the exclusion of employees by their employer from their place of work until certain terms are agreed to.
Term
arbitration
Definition
the use of an arbitrator to settle a dispute.
Term
injunction
Definition
Law a judicial order that restrains a person from beginning or continuing an action threatening or invading the legal right of another, or that compels a person to carry out a certain act
Term
closed shop
Definition
a place of work where membership in a union is a condition for being hired and for continued employmen
Term
Marxism
Definition
the political and economic theories of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, later developed by their followers to form the basis for the theory and practice of communism.
Term
Knights of Labor
Definition
(officially "Noble and Holy Order of the Knights of Labor")
Term
American Federation of Labor
Definition
a federation of North American labor unions, merged in 1955 with the Congress of Industrial Organizations to form the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations
Term
Samuel Gompers
Definition
US labor leader; born in England. He helped to found the Federation of Organized Trades and Labor Unions in 1881
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