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| invented America's first oil well, which provide a cheaper more accessible source of fuel |
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| wrote a novel titleed "Ragged Dick" or "Street Life" , which stressed the concept of rags-to-riches |
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| prolific inventor whose team developed the light bulb making lighting homes more affordable |
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| developed technology that made it possible to send electricity long distances so that homes, factories, and streets could be lighted |
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| invention that made distant conversation through wires possible |
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| individual who patented the telephone |
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| he developed a process to make steel stronger for building innovations like skyscrapers and elevators |
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| developed by Elisha Otis and allowed easy access to the upper floors of skyscrapers |
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| man who worked his way from rags-to-riches and gave much of his wealth to charitable organizations |
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| an Andrew Carnegie held belief that the wealthy were obligated to put their money to good use by helping others |
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| wealthy finance capitalist who controled many banks, insurance company and stock-market organizations through stocks and bonds |
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| corporation founded by Andrew Carnegie |
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| he became wealthy through the transportation industry, mainly railroads |
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| when a corporation has complete control or a product or service |
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| oil tycoon (founded Standard Oil) who was one of the first American business men to use horizontal integration |
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| the process of joining many firms together to form a giant company with lower production costs |
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| controlling many different businesses that make up the production of a product's development |
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| a companies stock is assigned to a board called trustees who run the organization and pay themselves with dividends |
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| cooporation founded by J.D. Rockefeller |
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| the idea that people who had the most wealth were the most "fit" |
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| this law helped to make manufacturing more competitive by making monopolies illegal |
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| wages were low, hours were long, many jobs were dangerous, workers go no fringe benefits, and children as young as 5 sometimes worked in factories |
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| wages (characteristically) |
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| during the late 19th and early 20th century wages where generally poor |
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| led the American Federation of Labor in an effort to improve wages, working hours and general working conditions |
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| manufacturing operations set up in poorly lit, poorly ventilated, dangerous building where mainly immigrants worked long hours for low wages |
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| to help families survive children often work alongside adults in factories |
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| this group hoped to organize all workers into a single union |
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| a strategies used employees to stop working until employers met certain demands |
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| American Federation of Labor |
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| a craft union that sued economic strategies such as strikes, boycotts, and collective bargaining as means of getting what they wanted from employers |
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| strikes, boycotts, collective bargaining, mediation, arbitration, closed shop |
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| yellow-dog contracts, blacklists, lockouts, scabs, injunction, private police force |
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| federal troops sent to quell labor unrest |
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| The Great Railroad Strike |
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| America's first national strike when federal troops were called to help settle the violence |
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| a deadly labor riot in Chicago that turned public opinion against unions |
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| this strike by steel workers was put down by a private police force, leaving several dead and wounded |
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| this strike established a precedence for factory owners appealing to the courts to end strikes |
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| organized the American Railway Union in 1893 and led the Pullman Strike of 1894 |
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| Industrial Workers of the World |
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| a Chicago based miner's union that appealed mostly to the "working class" |
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| a New York reception center for US immigrants who had crossed the Atlantic Ocean |
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| to make all citizens like mainstream society |
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| the feeling that native people are superior to immigrants |
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| the belief that people from all backgrounds could come together and be assimilated into American society |
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| immigrants suffered from this syndrome because they found life in America very different from the life they had left behind |
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| these people were Irish and German, adopted American culture, assimilated easily, families came to stay, had money, and were skilled and educated |
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| theses people came mainly from southern and eastern Europe, did not assimilate easily, made money and went back home , little or no skills, settled in cities |
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| city life begins to grow and cities expand |
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| early public transportation that allowed people to live in the suburbs where it was quieter, cleaner and less crowded |
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| overcrowded, unsanitary, and unsafe housing occupied by immigrants |
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| wrote a book titled "The Other Half", which helped fuel the Social Reform movement |
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| term coined by Marked Twain in late 19th century that meant America looked wealthy, but most people lived poorly |
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| spectator sports/baseball |
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