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| the only early turnpike that actually increase travel speed and lowered transportation costs |
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| connected New York City to the Midwest, lowered transportation costs, helped make New York City the nation's greatest commercial center |
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| opened the first textile mill (made thread for cloth) in America |
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| opened a factory that completely manufactured cloth, not just thread |
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| you, single women, recruited from farms, who worked in Lowell factories |
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| effects of industry change |
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| speed and volume of manufacturing increased, process divided into more small steps, workers needed little or no training, people left farms to work in factories |
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| developed the steamboat, which enabled faster, more efficient travel on US rivers |
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| connected Lake Erie to the Hudson river and shipping costs |
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| a time in history when machinary replaced manual labor |
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| used labor of the lower classes and immigrants to work in industrialized factories |
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| invention make transcontinental communication possible |
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| allowed farmers to plow and grow crops in the western United States |
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| his reaper made it easier for farmers to harvest wheat, thereby increasing productivity |
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| the basis for industrial development in America: each part of a manufactured item would fit with parts from any other identical item |
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| his inventions increased productivity in agriculture and manufacturing |
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| increased the rate at which cotton could be processed and increased the demand for slave labor |
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| a feeling of hatred and superiority toward immigrants that led to discrimination and violence |
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| many southerners became immensely rich, but heavily dependent on agriculture and slave labor as a result of the cotton gin. |
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| the South relied on a large number of slaves to produce cash crops |
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| felt that America relied too much of foreign trade, so proposed a system improve the situation |
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| protective tariffs, internal improvements, and a strong national bank to strengthen the US and make it more economically independent |
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| Supreme Court ruling that gave Congress alone the power to regulate interstate and foreighn commerce, thus allolwing the building of roads and canals to increase |
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| wrote the first "American" novels that talked about White settlement and how it affected Native Americans |
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| led to the nation's first depressions because citizens rushed to withdraw money from US banks, when US banks recalled loans to repay British loans |
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| the first group of artists to develop a unique style American landscape painting that reflected the wild and pioneering spirit |
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| through this treaty Florida became part of America, the western boundary of Oregon was established, and the US ceded Texas to Spain |
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| established America as a neutral and independent nation that would not tolerate colonization from Europeans |
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| illustrated northern, southern, and western sectional differences in the US |
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| designed to maintain a balance of power between slave states and free states in Washington DC. |
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| it is believed that Henry Clay supported Andrew Jackson in the election of 1824 in order to become Secretary of State |
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| Administrators allowing only family memebers and close friends to occupy hig government positions led to corruption |
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| leader of the Cherokee nation who at first adapted to living with the White settlers. |
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| Supreme Court ruling that gave Cherokee Indians a right to stay on their land, later ignored by Andrew Jackson |
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| an unusually high tariff passed by Congress in forder to promote American industry and embarass President Adams |
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| a representative from South Carolina and one time vice president who supported nullication and secession from the union |
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| to the protin response to the protective tariff South Carolina nullified the tax and threatened to secede from the union: |
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| an uprising that caused abolition societies in the South to end and slave codes to become tighter and strictly inforced |
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| contributed to the nation's first depression when banks issued bonds far in excess of what they could cover |
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| led by Henry Clay and Daniel Webster, this political party was nationalists who supported strong federal government, protective tariffs, a national bank, internal improvements and broad interpretation of the Constitution |
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| her efforts led to the establishment of insitutions and hospitals for the mentally ill |
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| changing how prisoners are treated and how prisons are managed |
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| helped to establish the first state Board of Education in America and believed that men and women should be educated |
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| transcendentalist, essayist, and poet |
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| select citizens insisted that women be able to vote and have other privileges afforded to men only |
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| brought attention to women's rights by organizign the first convention and demand suffrage for women |
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| helped organize the first women's rights convention along with Elizabeth Cady Stanton |
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| The first Women's Rights Convention |
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| an illiterate former slave who is known for being an abolitionist and gave eloquent, charismatic speeches |
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| a supporter of temperance and abolition who worked with Elizabeth Cady Stanton |
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| societies that were "perfect" both socially and politically |
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| A transcendentalist community that relied on agriculture and members shared everything. |
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| a community known for complex marriages and free love |
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| an Indiana community where people would share everything and live in "harmony" |
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| moved West in search of religions freedom when criticized for practicing polygamy |
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| established the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints and the followers were called Mormons |
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| led Mormons from New England to the Great Lakes of Utah to escape persecution |
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| a period in time when interest in religion was increased again |
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| assisted by abolition movement by publishing an newpaper called The Liberator and helping establish The Anti-Slavery Society. |
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| former slave owners who became nationally known for anti-slavery speeches |
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| a former slave who educated himself and became outspoken against slavery |
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| Used his evangelical style sermons to elicit strong emotion and get people to convert to Christianity |
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| the removal of Native Americans from Southern lands to present day Oregon caused bitter disputes |
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| the route used by the Cherokee when forced to leave southnern lands to move out west to Oklahoma |
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| through broad interpretation of the Constitution,established the superior power of national government to state governments with regard to chartering corporations (bamks) |
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| author of "The Scarlet Letter" |
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| transcendentalist, writer, and philosopher |
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| author of "Rip Van Winkle", "Legend of Sleepy Hollow" and other short stories |
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| wrote darker stories/poems such as The Tell-Tale Heart and The Raven |
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| group of writers in New York including Washington Irving and James Cooper |
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| visiting Frenchman who wrote Democracy in America |
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| his dictionary helped create a distinctly "American" language by modifying the traditional British spelling, usage, and pronunication of many words |
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| best and easiest way for Amercan settles to travel west with wagons |
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| slogan favoring maximum territory in Oregon boundary dispute |
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| Webster-Ashburton Treraty |
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| settled Maine/Canada boundary dispute |
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| led to a break in diplomatice relations between America and Mexico, and many believe led to a war with Mexico |
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| Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo |
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| part of an approprations bill written during the Mexican War that would have prevented slavery in newly acquired American territories, namely Mexico |
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