Term
| Executive Order 8802, Roosevelt |
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Definition
| Government agencis, job training porgrammes and defense contractors must put an end to discrimination. 1941 |
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Term
| Congress of Racial Equality |
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Definition
1942
460,000 members by 1946 |
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| Roosevelt authorized the removal of Jap-American to internment camps |
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Term
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| January 1942 - Maximise production of war materials. Cut production of 300 "non-essential" products within weeks. |
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Term
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| 1941 - Campaign set up by black press for equality of Civil Rights. |
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Term
Start of McCarthyism:
Soviet A Bomb
CCP Victory
Korean War |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| House of Un-American Activities Committee. 1930s, deals with people whose views were considered unacceptable, effective only after 1941. |
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Definition
| 1941, used 5th amendment, right of silent. Imprisoned |
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Term
| Federal Employee Loyalty Programme |
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Definition
| 1947, President Truman, ensure no security risk amongst government staff. |
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Term
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Definition
| 1950, investigated over 3 mil gov workers, 212 regarded as security risks and forced to resign. |
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Term
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Definition
| 1948 further charges, accused of being high-ranking Commie. Microfilm, copied on typewriter, traced to Hiss. Convicted of perjury in January 1950, 5 years imprisonment |
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Term
| McCarran Act- opposed by Truman yet passed in Congress |
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Definition
- 1950
- Illegal for US citizens to engage in communist-government-creating activites.
- Commie org. must register w/ fed. gov.
- Commies unallowed to work in defence factories or get US passports. |
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Term
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Definition
| Ir. Julius + Ethal charged 4 conspiring 2 transmit top secret bomb specs to USSR. Executed 1953, refused to make deal which cudve saved their lives. |
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Term
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Definition
Wisconsin
9th Feb 1950 - 205 Commies to 81 to 57 to a lot.
Never produced Evidence, but had public support for his accusations.
Seen as crusader against commies. |
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Term
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Definition
| Accused by McCarthy for calling his scheme "a fraud and a hoax", defeated in 1950 elections by McCarthy supporter. |
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Definition
1952 - Republican
ordered fresh investigation on Civil Servace. 6924 gov workers lost jobs between May 1953-Oct 1954 w/o trials. |
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Term
| McCarthy = Chairman of Senate Committee on Government Operations |
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Definition
| 1953, accused 45 army officers of being Commie agents. The hearings were televised. Joseph Welch stayed composed. |
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Term
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Definition
Dec 1954, condemned by Senate
Died in 1957 |
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Term
| Commie party banned in USA |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
1948 by President Truman
Against lynching and gave the poor the vote. |
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Term
| Brown vs Topeka Board of Education |
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Definition
Oliver Brown, his 7yrold Linda.
Chief Justice Earl Warren on 17 May 1954 ruled: "In the field of public education the doctrine of "separate but equal" has no place". All schools to be intergrated "wtih all deliberate speed." |
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Term
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Definition
On Sept 1957
Elizabeth Echford and 8 other black students enrolled to Little Rock High school
State govenor Orval Faubus. |
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Term
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Definition
Rosa Parks 1955, refused to give up her seat on the middle of a bus.
1 year long boycott organized by MLK |
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Term
| Bus segregation law deemed unconstitutional by Supreme Court |
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Definition
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Term
| INcrease in civil rights groups campaigns |
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Definition
1959-60
Marches, Demonstations, boycotts |
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Term
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Definition
| All african americans could exercise their right to vote. |
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Term
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Definition
SNCC + CORE + NAACP, summer of 1961
to get more blacks to register to vote and use that vote. |
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Term
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Definition
1962 - all public stuff closed
1963 - MLK organised campaign of marches + demonstrations to maximise media coverage.
Eugene "BUll" Connors - set dogs and turned fire hoses on demonstrators. |
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Term
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Definition
MLK --> Support of Civil Rights Bill. 1963
"I have a dream..."
Kennedy asked him to call it off but King refused. 200,000 marchers. Kennedy forced Alabama the last state, to allow integrated schools |
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Term
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Definition
Segregation in housing + education made illegal
All Americans entitled to equal employ. oppur.
All fed projects must include racial integration
By Pres. Johnston after Kennedy's death. |
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Term
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Definition
Made it illegal to prevent blacks from registering for the vote by setting literacy tests for voters
Johnston after Kennedy's death. |
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Definition
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Term
| Malcolm X speech before his death |
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Definition
| "The White people should thank Dr. King for holding black people in check". 1965 |
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Term
| Stokely Carmichael elected Chairman |
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Definition
of SNCC in 1966
Believed in Black Power |
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Term
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Definition
| 1966. Urged blacks to confront white society |
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Term
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Definition
| April 1968 causing outburst of rage |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Banned discrimination in the sale or rental of housing |
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Term
| Women's movement: equal pay act 1963 |
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Definition
| Equal pay for both genders |
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Term
| Women's movement: civil rights act 1964 |
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Definition
| Banned gender discrimination |
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Term
| National organization for women |
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Definition
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Term
| Women's MOvement: educational amendment act 1972 |
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Definition
| banned gender discrimination in edu. eg schoolbooks |
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Term
| women admitted in military |
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Definition
| Westpoint and Anapolis in 1976 |
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Term
| Student's movement... 1950s |
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Definition
Beatnik poets protested US suburbi
Rocknroll 1955 in midclass US
James Dean/Elvis Presley = new heroes of younger generation. |
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Term
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Definition
pop music 4 young generation
INcreased edu, teens dont work
Death of kennedy, malcolmX, MLK
Bombing of NK 1965 - 3 mil 19yrolds served in war, many on drug over war horror
1960s US tactics = brutalize soldiers and murdere innocent
Drafts opposed
"Hey hey LBJ how many kids have you killed today?" after 4 Kent State Uni students killed by national guardsmen during protest.
"FLower Power" - "Make love, not war"- Hippies, flowers on their heads, everyday acceptance to drugs. 1968=peak of protests |
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Term
| 5 CREEP burglers arrested |
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Definition
| 17 June 1972, Democratic National Committee offices |
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Term
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Definition
| Lock picks, rolls of film, two cameras, $1954, adress book with Howard Hunt, a telephone number and note "W House" |
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Term
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Definition
Committee to ReElect the President
John Mitchels = organizer
Illegally collected 60 mil for campaign
'plumbers' used to prevent security leaks, leading plumber suggested bugging the Democrat's office. |
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Term
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Definition
| Carl Bernstein + Bob Woodward |
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Term
| Nixon denies but funds CREEP for Watergate |
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Definition
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Term
| In Trial Burglar admitted W House involvement |
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Definition
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Term
| Nixon's Closest Advisors caused to resign |
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Definition
Between May to Nov 1973
John Dean, HR "Bob" Haldeman, John Ehrlichman |
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Term
| Initial Special Prosecutor of Watergate |
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Definition
Archibald Cox
"there can be no whitewash of the White House" |
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Term
| By Summer 1973 of Watergate |
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Definition
Dean claimed coverup
500K paid to silence people
Nixon installed taping system, but claimed "executive privilege" and the "endangerment of national security".
Nixon admitted April 1973 dat his two advisers were involved, and later jailed. Thanks to woodward and bernstein. |
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Term
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Definition
Oct 20th 1973
Attorney general Elliot Richardson and Deputy william ruckelshaus resigned for refusing to sack Cox. Leon Jawarski still insisted for the tapes to be shown. Tapes have "expletive deleted" w/ incriminating comments omitted. |
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Term
| Impeachment and Resignation of Nixon |
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Definition
Senate, July 1974.
Nixon resigns 7 Aug 1974 to avoid impeachment
Unedited tapes shown. |
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Term
| Results of Watergate: War Powers Act 1973 |
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Definition
| President must consult with congress be4 sending US troops into prolonged action. |
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Term
| Congressional budget and impoundment control act 1974 |
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Definition
| President could not use government moeny for own purposes |
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Term
| Election campaign Act 1972 |
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Definition
| Limits on campaign contributions to prevent corruption set |
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Term
| Freedom of Information Act (Xtended by passing Privacy Act) |
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Definition
| Access to files gathered by government on them to citizens. |
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Term
| Other results of Watergate |
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Definition
31 nixon advisors in prison
lost in trust of president and gov.
US democracy crumbles
Vietnam defeat + depression = Confidence in 1945 USA evaporated |
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