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| journalists who directed public attentino towards social, economic, and political injustices |
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| use faith as a tool of social reform. Child labor laws, salvation army, professionalizing professions, women's movements, statehouse progressivism |
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| helped immigrant families adapt to language and customs of the US |
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| the people propose legislation |
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| can vote to repeal legislation-limits party and gov't power |
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| Gray Davis: swap of power, ountries cornering market, petition to recall politics |
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| 1913 Direct election (primaries) of US senators-power to the people |
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| Hepburn Railroad Regulation Act 1906 |
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| restore regulatory authority to gov't by giving ICC authority to inspect books of RR co's |
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| restricted the sale of dangerous or ineffectice meds |
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| eliminates diseases once transmitted in unclean, impure meat |
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| levy an income tax-power lays with gov't |
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| W.E.B. Dubois-The Souls of Black Folk |
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| urges blacks to work publicly for group sucess, in your face blacks are threatening and badly effects public view |
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| Speech given by Dubois to white crowd to post pone efforts to acheive political equality and concentrate on self improvement |
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| Socialist party of America |
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| election of 1900, attracted about 100,000 voters, strongest in urban immigrant communities, Jews Germans and Protestant Farmers |
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| 1 mill ballots, structure change in economy |
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| legal way to settle disputes outside of the court systems |
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| planned stopping of work or withdrawl of workers in objectino to employer's unfairness |
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| Nobles Oblige; tax fairly, uplift, use military for good of country. Gov't is mediator for public good, investigate and publish |
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| miners want corrections, owners are adoment, come to DC for resolution publicly, gov't sided with workers |
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| Invasion of Cuba, led by TR, bold, reckless charge of Kettle Hill |
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| Roosevelt Corollary to Monroe Doctrine |
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| US has right to oppose European 'invasion' into W. Hemisphere, and can intervene itself in domestic affairs of its neighbors if they can't maintain order or sovereignty on their own |
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| John Muir-Hetch Hetchy Controversy |
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| Nation's leading preservationist and founder of Sierra Club. Tried to trick people into not getting dam, but they chose to build it to supply San Fran with water |
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| Muller v. Oregon-Brandeis Brief |
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| owns laundry mat-state says making women work 10+ hrs is bad because has to fulfill 'wife duty' and harms pregnancies. BB all evidence for Oregon's side-scientific support for law |
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| links atlantic and pacific by creating channel in central america, caused revolt, had to step in, Panama own nation |
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| 12 disctricts placed where banks bank where $ is in reserve, banks must always have some in reserve, regulates all US banks and sets interest rates, enormous system to stabilize country |
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| Federal Trade Commision Act |
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| creates a regulatory agency that would help businesses determine in advance whether their actions would be acceptable to the gov't, launch prosectutions against "unfair trade practices" and investigate corporal behavior increasing gov't authority |
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| Progressive (Bull Moose) Party |
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| splits republican vote so Taft won't get re-elected Wilson (Democrat) wins |
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| stay involved with trade, but not politically, use neutrality to look as an honest broker, 1917 progressivism beyond US, peace w/o victory, League of Nations |
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| leads combat into Villa, Mexico never finds it, leads us into WWI, believes we should continue war to beat Germany or will have to return |
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| final mediator between labor disputes, pressured industry to grant important concessions to workers, 8hr day, =pay, recognize unions, workers would forgo strikes and employers not engage in lockouts |
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| gave gov't new tools with which to combat spying, sabatage, or obstruction of the war effort |
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| interfere negatively or destroy...illegal: any public expression of opposition to the war |
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| criticism of gov't, pres, or war effort is illegal...against IWW and socialists, loose definitions-unconstitutional, but during time of national crisis president has an expansion of power |
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| Treaty of Versailles-demands of Germany |
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| Germany to accept sole responsibility of war,disarm, make substantial territorial concessions and pay reparations |
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| League of Nations-Hentry Cabot Lodge |
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| similar to UN, but Germ could not join, HCL lead fight in Senate to not allow US to participate: binding US to international committments |
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| fear of formation of Communist International in US which would cause revolts, harsh penalties on those who supported revolutions |
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| A. Mitchell Palmer/J. Edgar Hoover |
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| orchestrated series of raids on alleged communist centers throughout the country and arrested more than 6,000 ppl, most released but 500 were deported |
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| Italian immigrants, pay mater killed, they are anarchist, may not have done it, but found guilty and executed |
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| Jamacain born black, union--->universal Negro improvement association, rise up and leave US, go to Africa to relieve it from colonization |
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| broadway stary in black hit, goes to Paris and befriends all, 'spy for french' won the Croix de Guerre, had rainbow family, offered to take over civil rights movement...turned down |
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| career in recording/performing, toured, made records, blues singer, tough |
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| Brotherhood of Sleepping Car Porters |
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| labor union in the United States organized by the predominantly African-American Pullmans Porters. Organized in 1925, it struggled for twelve years before winning its first collective bargaining agreement with the Pullman Company |
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| 9 blacks accused of raping and beating 2 women, unfair trial seen by sc twice |
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| comedy black figures change to A&A records played at stations with show recorded on it |
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| elevate boxing from a nadir in popularity after gambling mistrusts, focal point of anti-Nazi sentiment and was first black golfer |
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| black singer led concert for daughtors of revolution |
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| olympic track and field gold medalist in Berlin 1936 |
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| group of African American pilots who flew with distinction during WWII |
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| Industries booming during wars so lots of job opportunities, unions were not suppressed, appealing |
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| list of 'crimes' fake complaints but found innocent, prevents him from active combat and goes to coach Army baseball then Negro League Dodgers |
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| set of industry censorship guidelines which governed the production of the vast majority of motion pictures Hays code cause he created it |
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| accused of raping a beautiful woman and banned from motion pictures |
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| long lasting radio and entertainment group in pitt, first broadcast of MLB |
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| Federal Communications Commission 1927 |
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| regulates the radio in the US |
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| wearing excessive makeup, drinking, treating sex in a casual manner, smoking, driving automobiles and otherwise flouting social and sexual norms liked jazz |
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| KKK in 20's D.C. Stephenson |
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Definition
| reformed to focus on 'unamerican' sell idea of klan to american people and recruit, sells it as good org, grand dragon, rapes abuses and kills Mae S. goes to jail and sells out other Klansmen under his control, destroys Klan publicity |
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| favors the interests of certain established inhabitants of an area or nation as compared to claims of newcomers or immigrants.[1] It may also include the re-establishment or perpetuation of such individuals or their culture. |
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| 18th Amendment--->21st Amendment |
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| Prohibitino 1919 then takes it away but origionally more power to gov't |
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| literalists, rural areas cause ppl less likely to challenge belifs, problems when radio is popular |
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| Tenessee declared illegal to teach evolution, William Jennings Bryan was looked to, radio broadcast for trial, upholds state right to prevent this |
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| Great Depression 10/29/1929 |
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| black friday, market fails, economy was not diversified due to overproduction so lower prices, farmers in debt, customer defaults, and bank issues |
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| Hoovervilles and Hoover Blankets |
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Definition
blamed for depression and people living on the
streets as they had no job and no money would cover themselves with newspapers for warmth and they were known as Hoover blankets. People gathered together in
parks etc and built shelters out of old cardboard boxes and
spare bits of wood. These were known as Hoovervilles |
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| Bonus Army-George C. Marshall, George Patton |
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| could not collect $ promised to vets in 45, but starving, cold, sick, want $ now, McArthur leads attack on BA long lines of wealth, land, and History, Assistant Secratary of Navy |
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| Franklin Delano Roosevelt-New Deal |
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| Government took control of economy and infiltrated into everything in attempt to stabilize |
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| passed right through declared regulators into banks, protecting from complete collapse |
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| cut salaries of fed employees to balance budget |
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| Glass Steagill Act June 1933 and FDIA |
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| gov't authority to curb irrisponsible speculation by banks and created Fed Depositers Insurance Corp. which ensures deposits up to $100,000 |
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| requiring corps issuing new securities to provide full and accurate info about them to public (stock) |
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| Securities and Exchange Commission |
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| police stock market and legalize alcohol |
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| Agricultural Adjustment Act May 1933 |
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| crop limits and pays farmers NOT to grow food |
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| Rural Electrification Administration |
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| get general electricity to farmers-utility co-ops |
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| Tennessee Valley Authority |
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| provides cheap electricity for areas in Appilachians, lower rates so private companies lower rates |
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| National Industrial Recovery Act |
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| allow companies to expand, but must allow & recognize unions, as $ increases worker's wages must increase as well, no more trust busting |
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| Hough Johnson 35c 35 hr. weeks no more child labor (bad for small companies) |
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| allowed unions and created yellow-dog contracts |
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| Schrecter v. NY (sick chicken case) |
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| NIRA is too intrusive, unconstitutional, first time goes against FDR |
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| packing court so can keep passing his legislation |
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| Federal Emergency Relief Act 1934 |
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| help bankrupt states by giving them $, Harry Hopkins not happy but need fed funding because in such a destitute |
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| work outdoors while sending $ home, young men camp/forestry |
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| wants more change, issue Nat. organized banking systems, antisemetic, property ownership |
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| more pension for elderly, money for a month and have to spend it so stimulates the economy |
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| governor of Louisianna takes on banks and oil co's wants free edu from K-Bachelors Degree |
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| Wagner Act/National Labor Relations Act 1935 |
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| requires companies to allow unions to form (agricultural and domestic=exceptions) |
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| congress of Industry Organizations |
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| American Federation of Labor |
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| union base defined by jobs |
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| GM and United Steel Worker Strikes |
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| pension from gov't...has been changed over the years |
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| Works Progress Administration |
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| largest New Deal agency, employing millions to carry out public works projects, constructing public buildings and roads...large projects |
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| US+GB 5 tons, Japan 3tons, France and Italy 1.75 tons limiting naval production |
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| an agreement to outlaw war |
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| a political ideology that seeks to combine radical and authoritarian nationalism with a corporatist economic system |
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| US wished to have good relations with its neighbors, especially at a time when conflicts were beginning to rise once again, and this policy was more or less intended to garner Latin American support |
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| Providing for the prohibition of the export of arms, ammunition, and implements of war to belligerent countries |
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| Munich Conference 1938 (Neville Chamberlain) |
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| goes to munich to ensure no war appease Germ about Czechoslovakia being taken over "Peace in our time" |
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| Marco Polo bridge- suspicious bombing so more troops, excuses of Japan invading China dont want them there but invade anyways, Nainking oblitereate population-document with films/pics |
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| rises power in 30's never gains enough votes, remiliterization of Germ, 1933 takes office and Jews flee, blamed Jews for WWI and are not part of arian race |
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| taken over by Germ cause 'rightfully theirs' and is host of horrible internment camps, because Hitler takes Poland GB&Fr declare war on Germ |
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| America First Committee; Charles Lindberg |
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| foremost non-interventionist pressure group against the American entry into WWII, a part of movement |
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| published statement agreed between the United Kingdom and the USA. It was intended as the blueprint for the world after World War II, and turned out to be the foundation for many of the international treaties and organizations that currently shape the world |
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| anticipated? knew something was going to happen just not to navy, dec 7, 1941 bombing at PH jump into war...Germ and Italy declare war on US |
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| intercept information that Japs will be at Midway, go and attack sink 4 aircraft carriers |
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| Germ can't get into city cause crumbling around them, once rivers freeze over USSR attacks Germs |
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| North African Campaign: George Patton |
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| America is chaotic and doesn't really know what it's doing, GP-all will die, N African troops take Germ/It troops out of Fr & USSR |
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| Sicily and Italy: Salo Republic |
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| Mussolini kicked out of office, Hitler rescues him and puts in charge of Solo |
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| welcomed into WWII journalism, speaks of comradery and relationships of soldiers, respectable military men |
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| need to establish a foothold or will end up in water, sloppy, put all efforts into it, move thru Fr and into Germ, turning point in war |
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| US and USSR supposed to stop advancing at Elbe River, USSR harsh on Germs, adds soviet states between it and Germ to act as buffers to protect future threats from Germ |
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| Home Front-Rosie the Riviter |
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| celebration of strong tought and brave workers, RR made women working seem like a good thing |
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| Mexicans who deny clothing efforts to promote their own culture/identity |
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| "patriotic responsibility" for sexual favors, their way of helping the war effort |
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| any foreign national can be contained in which we are at war against--->internment camps |
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| jap challenges executive orders against them but SC upholds decision |
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| creating hydrogen bomb/nuclear warfare, top secret, lots of money |
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| Office of War Information |
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| coordinated the release of war news for domestic use, and, using posters and radio broadcasts, worked to promote patriotism, warned about foreign spies and attempted to recruit women into war work |
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