Shared Flashcard Set

Details

US History First Semester Final Study Cards
DeGraw's First Semester, Review Questions
122
History
11th Grade
12/16/2009
Click here to study/print these flashcards.

Create your own flash cards! Sign up here.

Additional History Flashcards

 

 

Cards

Term
The settlement founded in the early 1600s that was most important for future of the U.S. was__.
 Definition
Jamestown
Term
Spain’s dream of an empire began to fade with the defeat of
 Definition
the Spanish Armada.
Term
The first successful English attempted colonization in 1585 was in
 Definition
Roanoke Island.
Term
4. England’s defeat of the Spanish Armada helped to ensure England’s
 Definition
naval dominance in the North Atlantic.
Term
7. On the eve of its colonizing adventure, England possessed
 Definition
a sense of nationalism.
Term
8. The financial means for England’s first permanent colonization in America were provided by
 Definition
joint-stock companies.
Term
9. The early years at Jamestown were mainly characterized by
 Definition
starvation, disease, and frequent Indian raids.
Term
10. Captain John Smith’s role at Jamestown can best be described as
 Definition
saving the colony from collapse.
Term
Chief Powhatan had Captain John Smith kidnapped to impress Smith
 Definition
with his power and show the Indian’s desire for peace.
Term
12. The biggest disrupter of Native American life was
 Definition
disease.
Term
13. A major reason for the founding of Maryland in 1654 was to create
 Definition
refuge for Catholics.
Term
14. In 1645 Maryland’s act of toleration guaranteed toleration to all
 Definition
Christians.
Term
15. The statutes governing slavery in North American colonies originated in
 Definition
Barbados.
Term
16. The colony of Georgia was founded as a defensive buffer for the
 Definition
Carolinas.
Term
17. Virginia, Maryland, the Carolinas, and Georgia were similar because they all depended on the export of a
 Definition
stable crop.
Term
20. The attitude of Carolinians toward Indians can best be described as
 Definition
hostile.
Term
1. Henry VIII aided the entrance of Protestant beliefs into England when he broke England’s ties with the
 Definition
Catholic Church.
Term
2. The separatists migrated from Holland to the New World in order to avoid
 Definition
Dutchification.
Term
4. The Mayflower Compact can be best described as a promising step toward
 Definition
genuine self-government.
Term
5. The leader that helped the pilgrims survive was
 Definition
William Bradford.
Term
6. According to Anne Hutchinson, a dissenter in Massachusetts Bay, the truly saved need not bother to obey
 Definition
the laws of God or man.
Term
7. As the founder of Rhode Island, Roger Williams established
 Definition
complete religious freedom
Term
8. Unlike other English voyagers to the New World, the Puritans
 Definition
transplanted entire communities.
Term
9. King Philip’s War resulted in the lasting defeat of
 Definition
New England’s Indians.
Term
10. During the early years of colonization in the New World, England
 Definition
paid little attention to its colonies.
Term
10. During the early years of colonization in the New World, England
 Definition
paid little attention to its colonies.
Term
11. As a result of England’s Glorious Revolution, the dominion of the_______collapsed.
 Definition
New World
Term
12. New York was originally founded by the
 Definition
Dutch.
Term
13. The Dutch colony of New Netherland (later New York) was established for its quick profit of
 Definition
fur trading.
Term
14. When the English gained control over New Netherlands, the _____ spirit survived.
 Definition
autocratic
Term
16. Indian Policy in early Pennsylvania can best be described as
 Definition
benevolent.
Term
19. New York and Pennsylvania were similar in that they both had
 Definition
ethnically mixed populations.
Term
20. Economically the colony of Pennsylvania became
 Definition
profitable
Term
1. During the seventeenth century, America established the precedent of being involved in every
 Definition
world war since 1688.
Term
2. The one valuable resource in New France was
 Definition
beavers
Term
3. The primary economic pursuit of early settlers in New France was
 Definition
fur trapping.
Term
4. The French wanted to control Louisiana because they would then control the mouth of the
 Definition
Mississippi.
Term
5. The clash between Britain and France for control of the North American continent sprang from their rivalry for the control of
 Definition
the Ohio River Valley.
Term
6. In his first Military Command in the French and Indian War, George Washington was defeated at
 Definition
Fort Necessity
Term
7. The Seven Years’ War was also known in America as the
 Definition
French and Indian War.
Term
8. In the colonial wars before 1754, Americans demonstrated an astonishing
 Definition
lack of unity.
Term
9. Unlike the first three Anglo-French wars, the Seven Years’ War was fought initially in
 Definition
North America
Term
11. The 1759 Battle of Quebec ranks as one of the most significant victories in
 Definition
British and American history.
Term
12. In the peace arrangements that ended the Seven Years’ War, France surrendered all of its territorial claims to
 Definition
North America.
Term
13. As a result of the Seven Years’ War, Great Britain became the dominant power in
 Definition
North America.
Term
14. For the American Colonies, the Seven Years’ War ended the myth of
 Definition
British invincibility.
Term
16. The isolation of Louisiana’s Cajun Communities ended with bridge buildings
 Definition
bridge buildings
Term
17. When the Acadians left Canada, they went to
 Definition
Louisiana.
Term
18. France had to give up its vision of a North American New France when it was defeated by the
 Definition
British
Term
19. The primary thing that the Acadians and Quebecois believed that bound them together was the
 Definition
French language.
Term
19. The primary thing that the Acadians and Quebecois believed that bound them together was the
 Definition
French language.
Term
20. In a sense, the history of the United States began with the fall of
 Definition
Quebec and Montreal.
Term
21. The Proclamation of 1763 prohibited colonial settlement west of the
 Definition
Appalachian Mountains.
Term
7. The soldier and explorer called “Father of New France” was named
 Definition
Samuel de Champlain.
Term
1. Perhaps the most important single action of the Second Continental Congress was to select _______ to head the army.
 Definition
George Washington
Term
4. King George III officially declared the colonies in rebellion just after the
 Definition
Battle of Bunker Hill.
Term
6. In late 1776 and early 1777, George Washington helped restore confidence in America’s military by
 Definition
defeating the Hessians at Trenton.
Term
7. Like many revolutions, the American Revolution was a
 Definition
minority movement.
Term
11. The Battle of Saratoga was a key victory for the Americas because it brought the colonists
 Definition
aid and an alliance with France
Term
12. France came to America’s aid in the revolution because it wanted
 Definition
revenge against the British.
Term
13. The commander of French Troops in America was
 Definition
Rochambeau.
Term
14. Shortly after French troops arrived in America, the resulting improvement in morale staggered when ______ turned traitor.
 Definition
General Benedict Arnold
Term
16. After the British defeat at Yorktown, the fighting continued for
 Definition
more than a year.
Term
17. Britain gave America generous terms in the Treaty of Paris because British leaders were trying to persuade America to abandon
 Definition
its alliance with France.
Term
19. In a republic, power comes from
 Definition
the people
Term
20. Americans who opposed independence for the colonies were labeled
 Definition
Loyalists
Term
2. The Founding Fathers failed to eliminate slavery because a fight over slavery might
 Definition
destroy national unity.
Term
3. As a means of ensuring that legislatures stay in touch with the mood of the people, state constitutions required
 Definition
annual elections of legislators.
Term
4. Immediately after the revolution, a new American nation’s greatest strength lay in its excellent
 Definition
political leadership.
Term
11. The Constitutional Convention was called to revise the
 Definition
Articles of Confederation.
Term
Which revolutionary leader was not at the compromise of the constitution?
 Definition
Thomas Jefferson
Term
13. The Great Compromise of the Constitutional Convention worked out an acceptable scheme for appointing
 Definition
Congressional representation.
Term
14. Under the Constitution, the President of the United States was to be elected by a majority vote of the
 Definition
Electoral College.
Term
15. The Constitutional Convention addressed the North-South controversy over slavery through the
 Definition
three-fifths compromise.
Term
17. The one branch of the government elected directly through the people is the
 Definition
House of Representatives.
Term
18. The delegates at the Constitutional Convention stipulated that the new Constitution be ratified by
 Definition
state convention.
Term
19. Probably the most alarming characteristic of the New Constitution to those who opposed it was the absence of a
 Definition
bill of rights.
Term
2. One of the major criticisms of the Constitution as drafted in Philadelphia was that it did not provide guarantees for
 Definition
individual rights.
Term
4. Alexander Hamilton’s financial plan for the economic development of the United States favored the
 Definition
wealthier class.
Term
6. The Whiskey Rebellion of 1794 arose in southwestern Pennsylvania when the federal government levied an excise tax on
 Definition
whiskey.
Term
8. When the French Revolution developed into a war with Britain, George Washington and the American Government remained .
 Definition
neutral
Term
9. The United States acquired free navigation of the Mississippi river in the
 Definition
Pinckney Treaty.
Term
10. One of George Washington’s major contributions as president was keeping the nation out of
 Definition
foreign wars.
Term
11. Washington’s Farewell Address in 1796 warned against the dangers of
 Definition
permanent foreign alliances.
Term
13. The immediate cause of the undeclared war between the U.S. and France was the
 Definition
XYZ affair.
Term
14. The Virginia and Kentucky resolutions were written in response to the
 Definition
Alien and Sedition Acts.
Term
15. Hamiltonian Federalists advocated a strong
 Definition
central government.
Term
17. To the Jeffersonian Republicans, the “ideal” citizen of a republic was an
 Definition
independent farmer.
Term
18. Thomas Jefferson favored a political system in which the states retained the majority of
 Definition
political power.
Term
1. When the United States entered the War of 1812, it was militarily
 Definition
unprepared.
Term
2. The performance of the United States navy in the War of 1812 could be best described as much better
 Definition
than the army
Term
3. The British attack on Fort McHenry inspired the writing of the
 Definition
Star Spangled Banner.
Term
4. The most devastating defeat suffered by the British during the War of 1812 took place at
 Definition
New Orleans.
Term
5. The Battle of New Orleans saw British troops defeated by
 Definition
Andrew Jackson’s soldiers.
Term
6. The resolutions from the Hartford Convention helped to cause the death of the
 Definition
Federalist Party
Term
7. The Tariff of 1816 was the first in American History that aimed to protect
 Definition
American Industry.
Term
9. The first state entirely west of the Mississippi to be carved out of the Louisiana Territory was
 Definition
Missouri
Term
13. At the time it was issued, the Monroe Doctrine was incapable of being enforced by the
 Definition
United States.
Term
18. With the demise of the Federalist Party, the Democratic Republicans established
 Definition
one party rule.
Term
1. The new two party political system that emerged in the 1830s and 1840s became an important part of the nation’s
 Definition
checks and balances.
Term
3. The House of Representatives decided the 1824 presidential election when no candidate received a majority of the votes in the
 Definition
Electoral College.
Term
4. John Adams was charged as having struck a corrupt bargain when he appointed
 Definition
Henry Clay as Secretary of State.
Term
5. Andrew Jackson’s political philosophy was based on suspicion of the
 Definition
federal government.
Term
7. The section of the United States most hurt by the Tariff of 1828 was
 Definition
The South.
Term
8. Southerners feared the Tariff of 1828 because it would hurt their
 Definition
manufacturing
Term
9. The “nullification crisis” of 1832-1833 erupted over
 Definition
tariff policy.
Term
11. The policy of the Jackson administration toward the eastern Indian tribes was
 Definition
forced removal.
Term
13. The “cement” that held the Whig party together in its days was hatred of
 Definition
Andrew Jackson.
Term
15. Texans won their independence as a result of the victory over Mexican armies at
 Definition
The Battle of San Jacinto.
Term
16. Texas gained its independence with help from
 Definition
Americans.
Term
19. Most of the early American settlers in Texas came from the
 Definition
South
Term
20. The “Tippecanoe” in the Whig’s 1840 campaign slogan was
 Definition
William Harrison
Term
2. Plantation agriculture was wasteful because its excess cultivation of cotton
 Definition
spoiled good land.
Term
3. German and Irish immigration to the South was discouraged by competition with
 Definition
slave labor.
Term
4. Most slaves in the south were owned by
 Definition
plantation owners.
Term
6. The most pro Union of the white southerners were
 Definition
mountain whites.
Term
7. The great increase of the slave population in the first half of the 19th century was largely due to
 Definition
natural reproduction.
Term
11. Most slaves were raised in stable
 Definition
two-parent households.
Term
14. Many abolitionists turned to political action in 1840 when they backed the presidential candidate of the
 Definition
Liberty Party.
Term
15. Members of the planter aristocracy dominated
 Definition
society and politics in the south.
Term
19. Most white southerners were ______ farmers.
 Definition
substinence
Term
20. By the mid 19th century, most slaves lived on
 Definition
large plantations.
Supporting users have an ad free experience!