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Definition
| soldier and musician who wrote "The Ballad of the Green Berets", a patriotic song about the Green Berets. |
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| Jungle War Stories (1966) |
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Definition
| Series of comic books that contained heroic and patriotic stories set in Vietnam |
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| Tales of the Green Berets |
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| donated his land to be used for Woodstock in White Lake, NY (Aug 15, 1969) |
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| Students for a Democratic Society |
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| Formed in 1962. Originally called Student League for an Industrial Democracy. They were Socialist in spirit |
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| When a bunch of SDS members came together in Port Huron, Michigan and wrote a statement on their beliefs. Stated they were against consumerism and materialism. |
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| young, and mostly college students, who were filled with anti-war fervor. Large percentage came from wealthy families |
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| They were against the war, but they believed that the only ones that should be protesting it are former Veterans |
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| Vietnam Veterans Against the War |
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Definition
| group founded on Nov 19, 1967. Originally had 65 members. It was a group of Vets that protested the War (They are mentioned throughout the study guide, read through and learn everything about them, this is definitely a possible ID) |
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| co-founder of VVAW. Spiritual leader. Former advisor during the war. Barry sees himself as a philosopher. He wanted to use newspapers and conservative ways of expressing their views |
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| he is a liberal Democrat from Wisconsin who is against Johnson's involvement in Vietnam. At first, radicals liked him. Hippies cleaned up some, cut their hair, etc (called it "getting clean for Gene") |
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| represented HCM in the peace talks of 1968. He was a traditionalist and an important member of the Viet Cong |
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| A woman. Represented HCM in the Peace talks in 1968. Represented the political side. |
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| Representative from S. Vietnam in the Peace Talks of 1968. He was a well-known misogynist, and very westernized |
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| Vice president during Johnston Admin. He is against the War. |
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| : sensational political party created by Abbie Hoffman. Held crazy stunts. ("Levitating the Pentagon with their minds" etc) |
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| one of the founders of the "Yippie" party. Part of the Chicago 8 trial. |
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| he was the "class clown" of the SDS. Cofounder of the "yippie" party. During His 1967 demonstration in D.C. he gained attention by claiming that they were going to use their minds to make the Pentagon levitate |
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| he is throughout our notes. You should read through them and note how his approach to the war was different than Kennedy's or LBJs |
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| National Security Advisor under Nixon |
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| Le Duan, Pham Van Dong, Vo Nguyen Giap |
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Definition
| these 3 men replace HCM when he dies. They immediately send out a document assuring everyone that their mission has not changed and the fight will continue |
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| A Black Panther activist. one of the Chicago 8. He was so obnoxious during the trial that the judge ordered that he be bound and gagged. He was eventually removed from the trial and sentenced to four years in prison for contempt of court |
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| Judge during the Chicago 8 trial |
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| The Trial of the Chicago 8 |
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| Trial brought against 8 yippies who were charged with violating the anti-riot act. The trial is a complete circus. The Chicago 8 make a mockery of the trial. 7 are eventually cleared of all charges (Seale was held in contempt of court and sentenced to 4 years before the verdict was handed down). |
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| group under SDS that incited mass riots in October of 1969 to call attention to the unfairness of the Chicago 8 Trial. Massive amounts of arrests |
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| series of riots held in October 1969 in Chicago. |
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| March on Washington. Goal was to advocate for those who have fallen. 500,000 people showed up. |
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| relatively small village of 700 people in S. Nam. Soldiers entered My Lai and don’t know who is good or bad. Commanding Officer (Lieut. Calley). Led helicopters in. Ordered everyone to be murdered. Massive amounts of sexual assaults of the women. March 29, 1971, Calley is found guilty of 22 murders. Originally sentenced to 20 years. Is paroled in 1974. Warrant Officer Hugh Thompson Jr. flew his copter in between the peasants and Calley and begins firing on his own comrades. There were massive amounts of sexual assaults on the women in My Lai. |
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| : Commanding officer at My Lai atrocity. He ordered everyone to be killed and is eventually convicted of 22 murders |
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| the soldier who flew his helicopter in between got in between the peasants at My Lai and fired on his own men. (Mikkelsen said that this man never received enough credit, I wouldn’t be surprised if it was on the test) |
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| on May 4, 1970 there was a riot. Caused 4 deaths. Settled out of court. $675,000 set aside and given to those affected from the Fed Govt |
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| May 14. Another Vietnam War riot. death of two students |
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| : May 8. Students from NYU and Hunter College planned a rally to go from Manhattan to City Hall. They had to go through the financial district where a construction site was. Construction workers are angered by the college students who will never have to fight as long as they stay in school. Violence ensues and the college students are pushed back and the CONSTRUCTION WORKERS continue on to City Hall to protest the "Poor Man's War". They insisted that the flag that was at half mast for Kent State victims be put back at full mast. Another protest was held a few weeks later. |
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Term
| Operation Rapid American Withdrawal |
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Definition
| a VVAW-led protest on Labor Day Weekend 1970. An 80 mile march from Moorestown PA to Valley Forge, VA. They marched in fatigues, carrying replicas of weapons, and left fliers in neighborhoods that said things like "an American infantry just came through, if this were Vietnam we would have killed your dog and raped your daughter". Celebrities, including Donald Sutherland and Jane Fonda, were part of the march, which brought more media attention. |
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| part of the Winter Soldier's Investigation (and future senator and prez candidate). He had won 3 purple hearts and a Bronze star in vietnam. Was a part of the VVAW |
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| Winter Soldier Investigation |
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Definition
| : Jan 31-Feb 2, 1971. 161 soldiers went in front of the cameras and told of atrocities of the war, including rapes, killing of people's pets, etc |
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| Asst for the Deputy for Foreign Affairs. Was sent to search for truths about the war. Photocopied secret documents (called the "Pentagon Papers") Sent them to NY Times. He was later indicted on theft. Eventually let off on a mis-trial b/c of Watergate. |
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Definition
| papers containing information about Vietnam that was supposed to be kept confidential. Was leaked and printed in papers across the US |
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| mass evacuation of orphans from Vietnam. One plane crashed and 78 children died |
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| 100,000 Vietnamese refugees evacuated, including 2,000 orphans |
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| Test run for evacuating military and others. Was in Cambodia. We pulled out 200 people. It was a successful mission |
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| Operation Frequent Wind: 4 major people, 4 major phases |
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Definition
-Orchestrated by the Ford Admin
-Henry Kissinger: Sec of State
-Gram Martin: Ambassador to Vietnam
-Gen. Homer Smith: US Defense Attache Office
-Col Alfred Gray: Marine Support Force Commander
1. Phase One : Commercial airlines.
2.Phase two: Commercial airliners and military aircrafts (airplanes
3.Phase three: commercial airlines, mil aircrafts, and helicopters
4 phase four: only helicopters |
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| 2 embedded journalists are sitting on the roof and all of a sudden they see a military plane making circles over the air base and then gets blown up. The Viet Minh are there and Saigon is falling. People flood the streets |
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| becomes President in 1975. Only for a short time before he surrenders. |
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| African Americans and the War. Spanish American War |
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Definition
| The 9th and 10th infantry were the first to reach San Juan Hill (but Teddy Roosevelt's Rough Riders got the credit) |
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| African Americans and the War. Buffalo Soldiers |
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Definition
| AAs that were sent out West were called "Buffalo Soldiers" (either b/c of the color of their skin and texture of their hair or b/c of the fact that buffalo's were important to the Sioux and they respected AAs like they respected buffalos). |
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| African Americans and the War. Du Bois |
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| Important Black philosopher. Argued that in order to be accepted, that Blacks should fight in WWI, that they should "join shoulder-to-shoulder in close ranks" |
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African Americans and the War,
Asa Philip Randolph |
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Definition
| Randolph said they should NOT fight during WWI. "how many times must we serve before we get something for it?!". During WWII, he again opposes it. He wants SOMETHING for Blacks serving, he calls for a march in DC, but FDR steps in and enacts the "Executive Order 8802" which is passed on Jan 1941 and integrates the Armed Forces INDUSTRY |
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| Forces Executive Order 9981 |
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Definition
| Order that integrates the Armed Forces |
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| One of two African Americans to receive a medal of honor during the Vietnam War. He was moving through the jungle with four other soldiers. A grenade is thrown at them and he throws his body onto it and saves his comrades lives. |
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| One of two African Americans to receive a medal of honor during the Vietnam War. In 1965. He accompanied a group of paratroopers who were looking for Viet Cong soldiers in S. Vietnam. There was a fire fight. Group in front is being slaughtered. He defies orders and runs to the front to save the soldiers. Continues to keep going to the front, even after being shot twice. The fight lasts 24 hours. He's hospitalized and then sent to Tokyo to recover. |
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| Vietnamese woman who went over the over air waves and tried to spread propaganda to turn American GIs against the war. Effort was almost, if not completely, unsuccessful. |
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| Had just returned from Vietnam, served in the Navy. Was a Tuskegee student and was shot for trying to use a white restroom in Alabama |
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| Student Nonviolent Coordination Committee. Group of young African Americans committed to fighting for Civil Rights through non-violent means |
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| one of the two founders of the Black Panthers. |
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| One of the two founders of the Black Panthers. |
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| one of the main spokesman for the Nation of Islam |
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| spiritual leader of the Nation of Islam |
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| Muhammad Ali, before he converted to the Nation of Islam and changed his name. |
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| Represents the inhumanity and cruelty of the war |
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| what does he represent? Juxtapose against Elias |
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Definition
| Training Southern Vietnamese to completely take over the War, and phasing out American troops. |
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| Defense Attache Office (what did they do) |
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Definition
| planned the logistical exit from Vietnam |
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| Member of SNCC. Good friend of Stokely Carmichael. He is drafted into US military. He uses it as a ploy to refuse service into war. He is called into Atlanta Induction Center. Comes up with a platform. Says he should not serve b/c he was picked b/c of his association with SNCC, had a heart problem, and that AAs were not part of the political process. A federal judge agreed. So he appoints Black citizens to the boards. 284 black people had a say, one year later there were over 600. Does this to prevent any more lawsuits. |
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| Not just a race group, but a class group. Directly linked to Communism. Wanted the removal of all Black men from the armed forces, because they don’t want to protect a country that won't protect them. Had 100,000 weapons in California, including automated weapons and grenades. Provided thousands of meals for inner-city children |
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| "What we Want, What we believe". a part of the Black Panther's beliefs. Had clear echoes of communism and socialism |
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| a sect of Islam. Led by Blacks. No Whites allowed |
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| political activist and writer for the Black Panthers. Was editor for their newspaper |
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| Charlie Sheen's character. Voice of reason and humility. |
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| Tom Berringer's character. Juxtaposes Elias. The guy with all of the scars |
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| William Dafoe's character. Represents "Dionysus". see notes |
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| represents the inhumanity and cruelty of the war |
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| attacking someone that is of higher military rank than you |
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| People were rounded up and put in safe areas. anyone outside of the zone was fair game. If you are in the free fire zone you can fire whatever you want |
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| the mentality of officers who used Vietnam to advance their career |
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