Term
| Symptoms of acute compartment syndrome |
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Definition
4 P's: pallor, pulselessness, paresthesias and paralysis (pain out of proportion to injury)
-tx with fasciotomy |
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Term
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Definition
| in a pt with osteomalacia, the brachial artery may leave a groove looking a like a false fracture on xray |
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Term
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Definition
| preplexus lesion; single root lesion or injury 'more dermatomal and myotomal like' |
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Term
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Definition
| postplexus or terminal nerve lesion causing paresis/paralysis and anesthesia |
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Term
| Hereditary brachial plexus neuropathy |
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Definition
| Acute onset of shoulder pain and loss of brachial plexus function during the immediate postpartum period; FHx of similar events; recurrent but benign. |
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Term
| Neoplastic component of brachial neuropathy |
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Definition
| CA or tumor development in the plexus. C8 and T1 are favored with the CA moving up. |
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Term
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Definition
| temporary failure of conduction without loss of axonal continuity. Spontaneous recovery with good recovery of function (within minutes to hours) |
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Term
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Definition
| Lesion resulting in wallerian degeneration, without loss of endoneurial tubes. Spontaneous recovery with good recovery of function (several months to over a year) |
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Term
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Definition
| Axons and endoneurial tubes are disrupted. Both partial retrograde and complete anterograde wallerian degeneration. Surgical repair needed. Mismatch repair results in partial recovery of function. |
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Term
| Autononous dermatomal region of C5 |
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Definition
| upper lateral arm over deltoid |
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Term
| Autononous dermatomal region of C6 |
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Definition
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Term
| Autononous dermatomal region of C7 |
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Definition
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Term
| Autononous dermatomal region of C8 |
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Definition
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Term
| Autononous dermatomal region of T1 |
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Definition
| skin over medial epicondyle |
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Term
| Now, what happens if you lesion just the sensory components of a single spinal nerve, e.g., C6? |
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Definition
| Lesioning spinal nerve C6, its ventral ramus, or its dorsal root, will produce hypesthesia distributed in all cutaneous “patches” having the C6 dermatome. However, there will be severe hypesthesia or even anesthesia in the autonomous region of the C6 dermatome (skin over thenar eminence and thumb pad). |
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Term
| What happens if a terminal nerve or its cutaneous branch is lesioned? |
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Definition
| Lesioning the terminal cutaneous nerve (e.g., the cutaneous brs. of the musculocutaneous nerve) produces severe hypesthesia and even anesthesia of the dermatomes represented in its patch because both the dermatomes and their overlaps are carried in that cutaneous nerve and thus, are “knocked out” |
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Term
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Definition
| AB-duction at the shoulder |
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Term
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Definition
| supination of the hand and flexion at the elbow |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| AB/AD duction of fingers in the hand |
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Term
| subscapular notch syndrome |
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Definition
| “Can’t start” abduction (first 15°); weakness of external rotation; shoulder pain; atrophy of supraspinatus and infraspinatus. |
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Term
| Long thoracic nerve injury |
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Definition
| Paralysis: winging of vertebral border of scapula with pushing; unable to elevate or abduct arm >90 |
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Term
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Definition
| brachiradialis, carpi radialis longus and carpi radialis brevis |
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Term
| Posterior interosseous syndrome (supinator syndrome) |
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Definition
| Wrist extension possible, but can’t extend digits properly. |
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Term
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Definition
Entrapment of superficial radial nerve as it emerges between the tendons of the brachioradialis and extensor carpi radialis longus (Tinel
sign). |
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Term
| de Quervain’s tenosynovitis |
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Definition
| (inflammation of the tendon sheaths in first extensor compartment of the wrist). Passive volar bending of thumb stretches the inflammed tendons producing pain (positive Finkelstein’s test). |
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Term
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Definition
| pain is more distal, generally over the mobile wad. In addition, provocative tests such as resistance to supination, and resistive extension of middle finger produces pain over radial tunnel. |
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Term
| best test to dx radial nerve lesion |
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Definition
| The single best test for a radial nerve lesion is having the patient dorsally raise the thumb from a flat surface (extensor pollicis longus). The patient will not be able to perform this test with a severe radial nerve lesion. |
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Term
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Definition
| een when the head is turned to the side during deep inspiration, when there is loss of the radial pulse in the arm- used to dx thoracic outlet syndrome (scalene syndrome) |
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Term
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Definition
| observing capillary refill of digits after exsanguinating hand for an ARTERIAL thoracic outlet syndrome |
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Term
| Paget-Schroetter Syndrome |
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Definition
| Stenosis over the clavicle |
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Term
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Definition
| Arm is adducted, medially rotated; forearm is extended and pronated- + in Erb-Duchenne Palsy |
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Term
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Definition
| Abnormal episodic vasospasm of the digits in response to cold exposure. Upon warming, the affected digits undergo reactive hyperemia, becoming engorged with blood. There is a characteristic biphasic or triphasic color response of the affected digits: pallor to cyanosis and upon rewarming, rubor (redness). During the hyperemic phase (rubor), there is considerable pain and throbbing. |
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Term
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Definition
| Rupture of bicipital tendon from the bicipitolabral complex or from the radial tuberosity- bicep appears to be in contracted state but it isnt |
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Term
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Definition
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