Term
| What innervates the Pectoralis Major? |
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Definition
| Lateral (main) and Medial pectoral nerves |
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Term
| Action of Pectoralis Major |
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Definition
| Flexes, adducts, and medially rotates humerus |
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Term
| Innervation of Pectoralis Minor |
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Definition
| Medial and Lateral pectoral nerves |
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Term
| Action of Pectoralis Minor |
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Definition
| Stabilizes scapula, draws it downward and forward |
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Term
| What membrane separates the subclavius and pectoralis minor? |
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Definition
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Term
| What thickening of deep fascia encloses the subclavius and pectoralis minor? |
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Definition
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Term
| What forms the deltopectoral triangle? |
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Definition
1. Clavicle
2. Deltoid muscle
3. Pectoralis Major muscle |
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Term
| What pierces the costocoracoid membrane? |
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Definition
1. Cephalic vein
2. Lateral pectoral nerve
Thoracoacromial artery |
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Term
| Innervation of subclavius |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
1. Depresses the lateral end of the clavicle
2. Pulls shoulder anteriorly
3. Stabilizes clavicle |
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Term
| What two muscles do the costocoracoid membrane separate? |
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Definition
| Subclavius and Pectoralis Minor |
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Term
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Definition
Axillary artery and vein*
Brachial plexus*
Axillary lymphnodes
*enclosed in axillary sheath, continuation of prevertebral fascia |
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Term
| What forms the brachial plexus? |
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Definition
Whole ventral rami of C5-T1 (contributions from C4 and T2)
Superior--C5 and C6
Middle--C7
Inferior--C8 and T1
(runs right over first rib) |
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Term
| Where is the dorsal scapular nerve and what does it innervate? |
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Definition
Arises from C5 above the clavicle before it joins with C6 to form the lateral cord
Innervates rhomboids and levator scapulae |
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Term
| Where does the long thoracic nerve originate and what does it innervate? |
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Definition
C5, C6, and C7 roots above the clavicle
Serratus anterior muscle |
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Term
| Where does the nerve to the subclavius originate and what does it innervate? |
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Definition
Superior trunk (C5 and C6) above clavicle
Subclavius muscle |
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Term
| Where does the suprascapular nerve originate and what does it innervate? |
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Definition
Superior trunk (C5 and C6) above clavicle
Supraspinatous and infraspinatous muscles |
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Term
| What are the supraclavicular branches of the brachial plexus? |
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Definition
Branches of roots
Dorsal scapular nerve (C5)
Long thoracic nerve (C5, C6, C7)
Branches of superior trunk (C5 and C6)
Nerve to subclavius
Suprascapular nerve
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Term
| Where does the lateral pectoral nerve originate and what does it innervate? |
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Definition
Lateral cord
(formed from ant. superior and middle trunks)
Pectoralis major and minor
*has communication with medial pectoral nerve |
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Term
| Where does the medial pectoral nerve originate and what does it innervate? |
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Definition
Medial cord (ant. inferior trunk) below clavicle
Pectoralis major and minor
*has communication with lateral pectoral nerve |
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Term
| What forms the lateral cord and what are its branches? |
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Definition
Formed from anterior branches of superior and middle trunks
Gives rise to lateral pectoral nerve
Branches into musculocutaneous and lateral root of median nerve |
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Term
| What forms the medial cord and what are its branches? |
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Definition
Formed from anterior division of inferior trunk
Branches:
1. Medial pectoral nerve
2. Medial brachial cutaneous nerve (sensory)
3. Medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve (sensory)
Forms ulnar nerve and medial root of median nerve
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Term
| Where does the upper subscapular nerve originate and what does it innervate? |
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Definition
Arises from posterior cord
(formed from posterior divisions of superior, middle, and inferior trunks)
Innervates subscapularis muscle |
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Term
| Where does the thoracodorsal nerve originate and what does it innervate? |
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Definition
Posterior cord
(formed from anterior branches of superior, middle, and inferior trunks)
Innervates latissimus dorsi |
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Term
| Where does the lower subscapular nerve originate and what does it innervate? |
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Definition
Posterior cord
(formed from anterior branches of superior, middle, and inferior trunks)
Innervates subscapularis and teres major muscles
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Term
| Where does the axillary nerve originate and what does it innervate? |
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Definition
Terminal branch of Posterior cord
(formed from anterior branches of superior, middle, and inferior trunks)
Innervates teres minor and deltoid muscles
Ends as upper lateral brachial cutaneous nerve
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Term
| What forms the posterior cord and what are its branches? |
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Definition
Formed from anterior divisions of superior, middle, and inferior trunks (C5-C6, C7, C8-T1)
Branches
1. Upper subscapular nerve
2. Thoracodorsal nerve
3. Lower subscapular nerve
Terminal
4. Axillary nerve
5. Radial nerve |
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Term
| What nerves and muscles are affected by Erb-Duchenne Palsy? |
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Definition
Tearing of C5 and C6 affects
1. Suprascapular nerve
2. Nerve to the subclavius
3. Musculocutaneous nerve
4. Axillary nerve
Functional Losses
1. Abduction of shoulder (supraspinatous-1, deltoid-4)
2. Lateral rotation of shoulder (Infraspinatous-1, teres minor-4)
3. Flexor of shoulder (Teres minor-4, coracobrachialis-3)
4. Flexor of elbow (brachialis, biceps brachii-3)
5. Supination of forearm (biceps brachii-3) |
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