balance of trade

The balance of trade  is the difference between a country's imports and its exports for a given time period

difference between how much a country imports and how much it exports

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Boer War

The Second Boer War usually known as the Boer War and also at the time as the South African War, started on 11 October 1899 and ended on 31 May 1902..

(1899-1902) a war in South Africa in which the British army successfully fought against two Boer republics called the Transvaal and the Orange Free State, and made them part of the British Empire.

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concession

something conceded by a government or a controlling authority, as a grant of land, a privilege, or a franchise.

a special right that a particular person or group of people is allowed to have, for example by the government or an employer, or the act of giving or allowing something as a right

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deforestation

Deforestation, clearance or clearing is the removal of a forest or stand of trees where the land is thereafter converted to a non-forest use.

the cutting or burning down of all the trees in an area.

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elite

Elite, is a term that originates from Latin eligere.

a group of people who have a lot of power and influence because they have money, knowledge, or special skills.

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extraterritoriality

Extraterritoriality is the state of being exempted from the jurisdiction of local law, usually as the result of diplomatic negotiations.

right of foreigners to be protected by the laws of their own nation.

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Genocide

Genocide is intentional action to destroy a people in whole or in part.

the deliberate murder of a whole group or race of people.

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Imperialism

Imperialism is an action that involves a country extending its power by the acquisition of territories. 

Domination by one country of the political and economic life of another country.

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indemnity

An indemnity is an obligation by a person (indemnitor) to provide compensation for a particular loss suffered by another person (indemnitee).

protection against loss or damage, especially in the form of a promise to pay for any losses or damage.

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Menelik II

Emperor Menelik II GCB, GCMG, baptized as Sahle Maryam, was Negus of Shewa, then Emperor of Ethiopia from 1889 to his death..

In the late 1800s, a reforming ruler who began to modernize Ethiopia.

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Open Door Policy.

The Open Door Policy is a term in foreign affairs initially used to refer to the United States policyestablished in the late 19th century 

the principle of allowing people and goods to move into a country freely.

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paternalistic

Paternalism is behavior by an organization or state that limits some person or group's liberty .

when people in charge of an organization or society protect the members and give them what they need but do not allow them any freedom or responsibility.

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Protectorate

the term protectorate to refer to insular areas of the United States such as Guam.

Where the local rulers stayed in place but European advisors controlled trade and sent missionaries.

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Sphere of influence

phere of influence, in international politics, the claim by a state to exclusive or predominant control over a foreign area or territory.

Where an outside power claimed all rights to make investments or conduct trade.

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trade surplus

A trade surplus is an economic measure of a positive balance of trade, where a country's exports exceed its imports.

the amount by which the value of the goods that a country sells to other countries is more than the value of the goods it buys from them

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viceroy

 Viceroy has an exciting portfolio of the finest hotels and resorts located throughout the world.

a man who was sent by a king or queen in the past to rule another country

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