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| method to purify iron to make steel; "caused" the Second Industrial Revolution |
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| drilled the first commercial oil well in Pennsylvania in 1859 |
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| transcontinental railroad |
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| the railroad the united the country; crossed the entire United States |
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| risk takers using their own money and talents to launch businesses/ventures |
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| private businesses run most industries |
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| "to let do"; no government intervention on the conduction of business |
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| the philosophy that those who are stronger business men will succeed while those who are not as strong will fail |
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| major leader of the Oil Industry (Standard Oil); used vertical and horizontal integration; philanthropist (donated almost half his money to the community/colleges) |
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| when a trust, or group of companies, control an entire industry with no competition |
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| acquiring companies that supply your business so you control the whole process |
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| taking over other companies that produce the same product |
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| major leader of the Steel Industry; used horizontal integration only; philanthropist; Gospel of Wealth |
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| major leader of the Railroad Industry; just bought RR companies |
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| made it illegal to form trusts that would interfere with free trade; monopolies illegal; |
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| small workplaces filled with people |
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| a Union formed in Philadelphia in 1869 by Terence V. Powderly |
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| the leader of the Knights of Labor |
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| list that employers kept of who not to hire |
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| leader of the American Federation of Labor |
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| American Federation of Labor |
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| Union that formed in 1886 by Samuel Gompers |
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| supported the Pullman Strikes; leader of the American Railroad Union |
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| the president who called in federal troops to end the Pullman Strike in 1893 |
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| transportation of a lot of people |
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| Orville and Wilbur Wright |
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| the brothers who had the first flight of a plane |
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| what sent messages over wires with electricity |
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| major inventor in the late 1800s, inventing things such as the light bulb and the record player |
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