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Unit 2 ~ Progressive Era
Terms from the progressive era
34
History
12th Grade
01/27/2020

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Term
Bimetallism
Definition
Basing money supply on gold AND silver to increase money supply
#GetThatMoney
Term
Wabash v. Illinois
Definition
the Supreme Court ruled that states could NOT regulate interstate commerce (trade), including railroads. Interstate commerce could only be regulated by the FEDERAL government
#FederalGovernmentRegulation
Term
Interstate Commerce Commission
Definition
the first FEDERAL agency created to regulate interstate commerce, including railroads
#FirstRegulator!
Term
Lincoln Steffens
Definition
Steffens attacked political machine corruption in his book, The Shame of the Cities. His work contributed to laws that limited political machine power
#ShameToPoliticalMachines
Term
Populism
Definition
sought to use the GOVERNMENT to regulate and reform society
#GovernmentRegulation
Term
Omaha Platform
Definition
Created by the Populist Paty to list out their goals
#GoalReaching
Term
William Jennings Bryan
Definition
“Cross of Gold” speech—this speech by Bryan promoted bimetallism and won him the Democratic nomination. The Populist Party decided to support Bryan because he supported bimetallism
#VoteForBryan
Term
Progressivism
Definition
Support for or advocacy of social reform.
#SupportTheChange
Term
Muckrakers
Definition
Progressive journalists who exposed problems in society
#DownWithSociety
Term
Ida Tarbell
Definition
Tarbell wrote against the business practices of the Standard Oil Trust. Her writing contributed to the eventual break up of Standard Oil Trust
#DownWithOilTrust
Term
Jacob Riis
Definition
Riis wrote How the Other Half Lives, exposing poor urban immigrant living conditions. His work led to better housing, plumbing, garbage collection, etc.
#RiisForHousing
Term
Upton Sinclair
Definition
Sinclair wrote The Jungle, exposing terrible, unsanitary meat production. His work led to government regulation of food and drug production
#BadMeat
Term
John Spargo
Definition
Spargo wrote The Bitter Cry of the Children, exposing terrible child labor conditions. His work led to some states restricting child labor
#DownwithChildLabor
Term
Ida B. Wells
Definition
Wells wrote The Red Record, criticizing the unpunished lynching of thousands of blacks. Her work was largely ignored by the government and lynching continued
#NoMoreLynching
Term
Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire
Definition
This gruesome garment factory fire in New York City killed 146 workers. The fire led to improved labor safety codes in New York
#BadCauseGoodEffect
Term
Robert La Follette
Definition
Progressive governor of Wisconsin pushed for direct primaries and many other states did the same
#MorePrimarys
Term
17th Amendment
Definition
This law established the direct election of senators by citizens as a way to expand democracy and bypass the control of political machines
#MoreDemocracy
Term
Prohibition
Definition
Didn't allow the selling or consumption of alcohol
#NoAlcoholAllowed
Term
Theodore Roosevelt
Definition
oversaw many progressive reforms, but his disapproval of the next president, Taft, set up the Election of 1912. The Progressive Era continued under Wilson, but progressivism failed to advance black rights.
#RooseveltForReform
Term
Square Deal
Definition
Roosevelt’s policy to balance the needs of ALL Americans. The Square Deal contained the “three Cs”—control of corporations, consumer protection, and conservation
#NeedsForAll
Term
Anthracite Coal Strike
Definition
Coal miners went on strike, threatening the nation’s coal supply
#NoMoreCoal
Term
Northern Securities v. United States
Definition
The Supreme Court broke up J.P. Morgan’s railroad trust
#DownWithMorgansTrust
Term
Conservation
Definition
During the Gilded Age, Americans had wasted natural resources and hurt the environment. Roosevelt desired conservation, meaning using natural resources in a responsible way that protects the environment.
#ProtectTheEnvironment
Term
Election of 1912
Definition
Taft and Roosevelt split the Republican vote, helping Wilson win the most electoral votes. Wilson became the third progressive president
#VoteForWilson
Term
Woodrow Wilson
Definition
Wilson, a progressive, wanted to reform trusts, tariffs, banks, and labor
He pledged to go further than Roosevelt regarding trusts—he would destroy, not just regulate, trusts
#WinnerOf1912
Term
Federal Reserve
Definition
created to regulate the nation’s banks and provide economic stability. It’s actions included regulating interest rates and the money supply
#EconomicStability
Term
Clayton Anti-Trust Act
Definition
This law limited trusts further and helped smaller businesses compete. It also helped labor because it specifically permitted unions and legalized peaceful strikes
#GoSmallBusiness
Term
19th Amendment
Definition
This law gave women suffrage nationwide in 1920
#WomenVoting
Term
Disenfranchisement
Definition
loss of suffrage rights, which happened due to poll taxes, literacy tests, grandfather clauses, and white intimidation
#NoMoreSufferage
Term
Booker T. Washington
Definition
Washington felt blacks should earn equality through education and economic progress. He founded the Tuskegee Institute to give blacks education and business skills
#BlacksAreEqual
Term
W.E.B. Du Bois
Definition
Du Bois felt government-enforced political and social rights came before individual effort. He helped form the NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People), a black rights organization that pushed to end racial inequality
#GovernmentEnforcement
Term
NAACP
Definition
(National Association for the Advancement of Colored People), a black rights organization that pushed to end racial inequality
#EqualityForAll!
Term
Wilmington Race Riot of 1898
Definition
By force, a white mob seized the reins of government in the port city and, in so doing, destroyed the local black-owned newspaper office and terrorized the African American community.
#RaceFights
Term
Barbed wire
Definition
Wire with clusters of short, sharp spikes set at intervals along it, used to make fences or in warfare as an obstruction. Made by Joseph Glidden
#KeepOut!
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