Term
| Pancreatic receptor cells detect |
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Definition
| an increase or decrease in blood glucose concentration |
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Term
| Pancreatic receptors respond to high blood glucose levels by |
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Definition
| secreting the hormone insulin |
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Term
| Insulin activates an enzyme in the liver to |
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Definition
| convert glucose into glycogen which reduces blood glucose levels |
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Term
| The liver stores glucose as |
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Definition
| an insoluble storage carbohydrate called glycogen. |
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Term
| Pancreatic receptors respond to low blood glucose levels by |
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Definition
| secreting the hormone glucagon |
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Term
| Glucagon actives an enzyme in the liver to |
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Definition
| convert glycogen to glucose which increases blood glucose levels |
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Term
| During “fight or flight” responses |
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Definition
| homeostatic mechanisms are over-ridden and glucose levels are raised by epinephrine, produced by the adrenal glands |
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Term
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Definition
| glucagon secretion and inhibits insulin secretion |
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Term
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Definition
| unable to control their blood glucose levels which can rise to 10-30 mmol/l compared to normal levels of around 5-7.5 mmol/l |
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Term
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Definition
| The pancreas of sufferers cannot produce insulin and can be treated by insulin and a careful diet |
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Term
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Definition
| The pancreas of sufferers can produce insulin but they have a decreased number of insulin receptors in the liver |
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Term
| Obesity is characterised by |
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Definition
| excess body fat in relation to lean body tissue (muscle) and a BMI>30 |
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Term
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Definition
| is calculated as weight (kg)/height squared (m²) |
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Term
| A disadvantage of BMI calculation |
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Definition
| does not take into account muscle mass so some people are wrongly classified using this method |
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Term
| Accurate measurement of obesity measures |
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Definition
| body fat content using methods such as densitometry, skin-fold thickness and bio-electrical impedance |
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Term
| Treatment of obesity involves |
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Definition
| reducing energy intake and increasing energy expenditure |
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Term
| Exercise can help reduce risk factors of CVD by |
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Definition
| keeping weight under control, minimising stress, reducing hypertension and improving HDL blood lipid profiles |
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