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| Dynasty established at the end of the 6th century; helped Chinese civilization rise again |
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- Dynasty that ruled after Sui Dynasty
Started by Li Yuan after the murder of Wendi Became Duke of Tang
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Achieved by Tang Dynasty through military prowess and tribute system |
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- Term used by Chinese to refer to themselves
"Middle" as in central to the world around them Saw themselves as total dominators
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- Deep bow of greeting in which the forehead touched the ground
Greeting used by envoys from tributary states to greet Tang Emporor |
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- System in which empty land was alloted to needy peasants, pleasing them and keeping aristocrats in check
Kept peasants pleased with ruler: "Mandate of Heaven" |
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- 1100-mile long canal built by Sui Dynasty to reach Chang'an
Never reached Chang'an However, did link Yellow & Yangtze Rivers for easier trade
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- Group of nomadic Turkish people that helped China keep down rebels
Later ransacked Chang'an and Luoyang as payment for asssistance in rebel wars |
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- Newer version of old Confucianism philosophy
Emphasized interpretations of Mencius of the old master's thought Expressed by Zhu-Xi in classical Confucian works
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- 370 - 290 B.C.E.
- Profoundly influenced neo-Confucianism
Interpretations of early Confucianism served as basis later on |
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- The only woman in Chinese history to rule under her own name
Followed Buddhism and favored Buddhists/Daoists Loathed by Confucianists, some of whom accused her of torture and grotesque acts
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- Measure of subordination upon women to ensure that they did not stray from home and were favored by upper-class men
Resulted in broken toes, often for life |
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- Controlled power in return for protecting emperor
Emperor belonged to family believed to rule Japan since beginning of history |
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- Novel written by noblewoman Murasaki Shikibu about Fujiwara family court
First book to be written in Japanese Described life of fictitious prince Genji
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- A military governor who ruled in place of the emperor
Often ruled while emperors were away |
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- Devoted professional military warriors
Served police and military in exchange for food and shelter Believed in absolute loyalty to their lord
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- Baby Genghis Khan! (Awww...)
Born a Mongol... |
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- (In)famous Mongolian; regarded for his brutality
- Also a shrewd diplomat
Considered barbaric and savage Accepted title of "Universal Ruler" Well-known for his violent takeover of China
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- One of Genghis's grandsons; completed Chinese conquest in 1279
Mongolian Empire stretched from East Europe to Pacific Ocean under Kubilai |
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- "Mongol Peace"
- Peace after initial Mongolian attacks that lasted as long as the empire did
Much like Pax Romana
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- Turkish migrant who settled in Anatolia and gained supporters
- Declared independence in 1299 from Seljuk Turks
Founder of Ottoman Turks Expanded into Byzantine Empire in 1440s
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- Group of Turks led by Osman
Separated from Seljuk Turks in 1299 Captured Byzantine Empire in 1440s " Constantinople in 1453
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- Dynasty founded by Kubilai Khan
- 1279 - 1368
Included many non-Chinese individuals Not very well liked, but forced China to submit to them
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- Founded by Ju Yuanzhang, a poor peasant
- Ruled for three centuries
Ju renamed as Hongwu Removed all Mongol rule
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- Alternating winds that create and influence wet and dry seasons
Common around the Indian Ocean |
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- African state south of Sahara and West Sudan
- Traded gold for salt or dates
Founded circa 3rd Century |
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