Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Unit 1
Unit 1
127
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
02/10/2014

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
-ary as in alimentary
Definition
Pertaining to the gastroinestinal tract.
Term
-penia
Definition
A suffix meaning deficiency or reduction in number.
Term
Anem/ia
Definition
a blood condition of deficient red blood cells and/or hemoglobin.
Term
Condy/le
Definition
a rounded projection on a bone.
Term
Condyl/ar
Definition
Pertaining to a rounded projection on a bone.
Term
Ex- or Exo-
Definition
Means without, out of, outside, or away from.
Term
Extra-
Definition
Means outside.
Term
Ileum
Definition
is the part distal of the small intestine.
Term
Infra-
Definition
Means below or beneath.
Term
Per-
Definition
Means throughout.
Term
Super- or Supra-
Definition
Means above, beyond, or excessive.
Term
Suprascapular
Definition
Means above the shoulder blade.
Term
Ultra
Definition
Means above, increased, or more than normal.
Term
Anterior
Definition
Means front of the body.
Term
Posterior
Definition
Means rear of the body.
Term
Lateral
Definition
Means away from the midline.
Term
Inferior
Definition
Means lowermost, below, or toward the tail.
Term
Deep
Definition
Means away from the surface, also called internal.
Term
Superior
Definition
Means uppermost, above, or toward the head.
Term
Superficial
Definition
Means near the surface; also called external.
Term
Contact Surfaces
Definition
Are the aspects of the tooth that touch other teeth.
Term
Thoracic Cavity/ Chest Cavity
Definition
Is the hollow space that contains the Heart and lungs within the ribs between the neck and diaphragm.
Term
Abdominal Cavity/ Peritoneal Cavity
Definition
Is the hollow space that contains the major organs of digestion located betweet the diaphragm and pelvic cavity.
Term
Pelvic Cavity
Definition
Is the hollow space that contains the reproductive and some ecretory systems organs bounded by the pelvic bones.
Term
Peritoneum
Definition
Is the membrane lining the walls of the abdominal and pelvic cavities and it covers some organs in this area.
Term
Pareital Peritoneum
Definition
Is the outer layer of the oeritoneum that lines the abdominal and pelvic cavities.
Term
Visceral Peritoneum
Definition
Is the inner layer of the peritoneum that surrounds the abdominal organs.
Term
Hyperflexion
Definition
Is the palmar or plantar movement of the joint angles.
Term
Hyperextension
Definition
Is The dorsal movement of the joints beyond the refrence angle.
Term
Supination
Definition
Is the act of rotating the limb or body part so that the palmar surface is turned upward.
Term
Pronation
Definition
Is the act of rotating the limb or body part so that the palmar surface is turned downward.
Term
Cell Membrane
Definition
Is the structure lining the cell that protects the cell's contents and regulates what goes in and out of the cell.
Term
Tissue
Definition
A group of specialized cells that is is milar in structure and function
Term
Epithelial Tissue/ Epithelium
Definition
Covers internal and external body surfaces and is made up of tightly packed cells in a variety of arrangements.
Term
Endothelium
Definition
Is the cellular covering that forms the linning of the internal organs, including the blood vessels.
Term
Mesothelium
Definition
Is the Cellular covering that forms the lining of serous membranes such as the peritoneum.
Term
Connective tissue
Definition
Is another tissue type that adds support and structure to the body by holding the organs in place and binding the body parts together.
Term
Muscle tissue
Definition
Is another type of tissue that contains cell material with the speciealized ability to contract and relax.
Term
Nervous Tissue
Definition
In the nervous tissue contains cells with the specialized ability to react to stimuli and conduct electrical impulses.
Term
-plasia
Definition
is used to describe formation, development, and growth of tissue and cell numbers.
Term
-trophy
Definition
Means formation, development, and increase in the size of tissue and cells.
Term
Anaplasia
Definition
Isa change in the strucure of cells and their orientation to each other.
Term
Aplasia
Definition
Is lack of development of an organ or a tissue or a cell.
Term
Hypoplasia
Definition
Is incomplete or less that normal development of an organ or a tissue or a cell.
Term
Atrophy
Definition
Is a decrease in size or complete wasting of an organ or tissue or cell.
Term
Hypertrophy
Definition
Is an increase in the size of an organ or tissue or cell.
Term
Organ
Definition
Is a part of the body taht performs a special function or functions.
Term
What are the combining forms of the skeletal system?
Definition
Bones, joints, and cartilage.
Term
What are the major functions of the skeletal system?
Definition
Support and shape, protection, hematopieses, and mineral storage.
Term
What are the combining forms of the muscular system?
Definition
Muscles, fascia, and tendons.
Term
What are the combining forms of the Cardiovascular system?
Definition
Heart, arteries, veins, and blood
Term
What are the major functions of teh Cardiovascular System?
Definition
Delivers oxygen and nutrients to tissue, transports cellular waste from body, performs immune function and endocrine function.
Term
What are the major functions of the muscular system?
Definition
Locomotion, movement of body fluids, and body heat generation.
Term
What are the combining forms of the lymphatic and immune system?
Definition
lymph vessels, fluid, and nodes, tonsils, spleen, and thymus.
Term
What are the major functions of the lymphatic and immune system?
Definition
Provide nutrients to and remove waste from tissues, protect the body from harmful substances.
Term
What are the combining forms of the Respiratory System?
Definition
Noses/Nares, pharynx, trachea, larynx,and lungs.
Term
What are the major functions of the Respiratory System?
Definition
It brings oxygen into the body for transportation to the cells, removes carbon dioxide and some water waste from the body.
Term
What are the major functions of the Digestive System?
Definition
Digestion of ingested food, absorption of digested foor, elimination of solid waste.
Term
What are the combining forms of the digestive system?
Definition
Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, and pancreas.
Term
What are the combining forms of the urinary system?
Definition
Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra.
Term
What are the major functions of the nervous system and special senses?
Definition
Nerves, brain, spinal cord, eyes, sight, ears, and external ear.
Term
What are the major functions of the nervous system and special senses?
Definition
Coordinating mechanism, reception of stimuli, and transmission of messages.
Term
What are the combining forms of the Integumentary System?
Definition
Skin.
Term
What are the major functions of the Integumetary System?
Definition
Protection of body, temperature, and water regulation.
Term
What are the combining forms of the endocrine system?
Definition
Adrenals, gonads, pineal, pituitary, and thyroid.
Term
What are the major functions of the Endocrine System?
Definition
Integrates body functions, Homeostasis, and growth.
Term
What are the major functions of the reproductive system?
Definition
Production of new life.
Term
Ossification
Definition
The formation of bone from fibrous tissue.
Term
Cortical Bone
Definition
Hard, dense, strong bone that forms the outer layer of bone.
Term
Cancellous Bone
Definition
Lighter, less strong bone that is found in the ends and inner portions of long bones.
Term
epiphysis
Definition
Wide end of a long bone, covered with cartliage and composed of cancellous bone.
Term
Diaphysis
Definition
Shaft of a long bone that is composed mainly of compact bone.
Term
Physis
Definition
Cartilage segment of long bone that involves growth of the bone.
Term
Metaphysis
Definition
Wider part of a long bone shaft located adjacent to the physis.
Term
Periosteum
Definition
Tough, fibrous tissue that forms the outer covering of bone.
Term
Endosteum
Definition
Tough, fibrous tissue that forms the lining of the medullary cavity.
Term
Articular Cartilage
Definition
Covers the joint surfaces of bone.
Term
Meniscus
Definition
Is a curved fibrous cartilage found in some joints
Term
Synovial Joints/ Ball and Socket Joints
Definition
Allow a wide range in motion in many directions, such as the hip and shoulder blade.
Term
Arthrodial/ condyloid Joints
Definition
Oval projections that fit into a socket.
Term
Gliding Joints
Definition
Move or glide over each other.
Term
Saddle Joint
Definition
Located In the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb.
Term
Axial Skeleton
Definition
The framework of the body that includes the skull, auditory ossicles, hyoid bones, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum.
Term
Frontal
Definition
Forms the roof of the cranial cavity
Term
Parietal
Definition
Paired bones that form the roof of the caudal cranial cavity.
Term
Occiptial
Definition
Forms the caudal aspect of the cranial cavity were the foramen magnum, or opening of the spinal cord, is located.
Term
Zygomatic
Definition
Projections from the temporal and frontal bones to form the cheekbone.
Term
Hyoid
Definition
Bone suspended between the mandible and the layngopharynx.
Term
Vertebral Column
Definition
Supports the head and body and protects the spinal cord.
Term
Body
Definition
The solid portion ventral to the spinal cord.
Term
Arch
Definition
Is the dorsal part of the vertebra that surrounds the spinal cord.
Term
Lamina
Definition
Is the right or left dorsal half of the arch.
Term
Spinous process
Definition
Is a single projection from the dorsal part of the vertebral arch.
Term
Transverse Process
Definition
Project laterally from the right and left sides of the vertebral arch.
Term
Articular Processes
Definition
Are paired cranial and caudal projections located on the dorsum of the vertebral arch.
Term
Xiphoid Process
Definition
The caudal portion of the sternum
Term
Ankylosis
Definition
loss of joint mobility cased by disease, injury, or surgery.
Term
Hip Dysplasia
Definition
Abnormal Development of the pelvic joint causing the head of the femur and the acetabulum not to be aligned properly.
Term
Luxation
Definition
Dislocation or displacemet of a bone from its joint.
Term
Osteoarthritis
Definition
Degenerative Joint disease.
Term
Osteochondrosis
Definition
Degeneration of necrosis of bone and cartilage.
Term
Rheumatoid arthritis
Definition
Autoimmune disorder of the connective tissue and joints.
Term
Spondylosis
Definition
Any degenerative disorder of the vertebrae.
Term
Subluxation
Definition
Partial dislocation or displacement of a bone from its joint.
Term
Immobilization
Definition
act of fastening a bone in a fixed position, usually with a cast.
Term
manipulation
Definition
attempted realignment of the bone involved in a fracture or dislocation.
Term
Physeal Fracture
Definition
bone that is broken at the epiphyseal line or growth plate.
Term
Laminectomy
Definition
Surgical removal of the dorsal arch of a vertebra.
Term
Osteopexy
Definition
Surgical fixation of a bone to the body wall.
Term
Ambulation
Definition
A type of movement whether it be walking or running.
Term
Skeletal
Definition
Long striated or stripped look.
Term
Smooth
Definition
Spindle shaped without stripes or striations.
Term
Cardiac
Definition
Branched cells that lie parallel to each other and have dark and light bands.
Term
Neuromuscular Junction
Definition
The point at which nerve endings come in contact with the muscle cells.
Term
Extensor
Definition
Muscle that straightens a limb or increases the joint angle
Term
Rotator
Definition
Muscle that turns a body part on its axis.
Term
Supinator
Definition
Muscle that rotates the palmar or plantar surface upward.
Term
Ataxia
Definition
Lack or voluntary control of muscle movement
Term
Atonic
Definition
Lack muscle control
Term
Fasciitis
Definition
Inflammation of the sheet of fibrous connective tissue that covers, supports, and separates muscles.
Term
Hernia
Definition
Protrusion of a body part through tissues that normally contain it.
Term
leiomyostis
Definition
inflammation of smooth tissue.
Term
Myasthenia
Definition
Muscle weakness.
Term
Myoclonus
Definition
Spasm of muscle
Term
Myositis
Definition
inflammation of voluntary muscles.
Term
Myotonia
Definition
Delayed relaxation of a muscle after contraction
Term
Tetany
Definition
Muscle spasms or twitching.
Supporting users have an ad free experience!