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UNF AnP2 Final Questions #2
Exam 2 Final Questions
81
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
04/26/2010

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Term
Which Layer is found in ALL blood Vessels?
Definition
Endothelium
Term
Where is blood pressure the lowest?
Definition
Venae Cavae
Term
What is the correct equation for measureing blood pressure?
Definition
ΔP = CO x R
Term
Baroreceptors for monitoring blood pressure are located where?
Definition
Carotid Sinus
Term
In vigorous exercise which organ DOES NOT receive an increased blood supply?
Definition
Brain
Term
Where is blood flow rate the slowest?
Definition
Capillaries
Term
Which is NOT a transport process across a capillary wall?
Definition
Active Transport
Term
Where is the capillary hydrostatic pressure the highest?
Definition
Arterial end of capillary
Term
What is responsible for internal capillary osmotic pressure?
Definition
Dissolved Proteins
Term
Which is responsible for INCREASED arterial pressure?
Definition
Increase in blood volume
Term
Where does renin come from?
Definition
Kidney
Term
The function of aldosterone is to
Definition
increase sodium reabsorption by the kidney
Term
What does the hormone antidiuretic hormone ADH do?
Definition
Causes the kidney to excrete less water in the urine
Term
Where is atrial natriuretic peptide produced?
Definition
Heart
Term
What factor DOES NOT increase cardiac output?
Definition
Increased parasympathetic activity
Term
What is considered normal blood pressure?
Definition
120/80
Term
What is not a source of blood vessel resistance to flow?
Definition
heart contraction rate
Term
What is an arteriovenous anastomosis?
Definition
A direct connection between an arteriole and a venule
Term
Which blood vessel has the largest amount of connective tissue in it's wall?
Definition
Vein
Term
Which blood vessels have the largest openings? eg Lumen?
Definition
Vein
Term
What kind of tissue is in the tunical media?
Definition
Muscular Tissue
Term
Small organs associated with lymphatic vessels are called?
Definition
Lymph nodes
Term
Which of the following WOULD NOT be classified as a lymphatic structure?
Definition
Pancreas
Term
Both Lymph and venous blood flow are heavily dependent on?
Definition
One-Way Valves
Term
The Thymus is most active during
Definition
Child Hood
Term
Lymph leaves lymph nodes via
Definition
Efferent lymphatic vessels
Term
Antibodies that set against a foreign substance are released by
Definition
Plasma Cells
Term
The lymphatic capillaries are
Definition
more permeable than blood capillaries
Term
By secreting hormones the thymus causes what to become immunocompetent?
Definition
Lymphocytes
Term
Functions of the spleen include all of those below except?
Definition
Crypts that trap bacteria
Term
Select the correct statement about lymph transport
Definition
Lymph transport depends on movement of adjacent skeletal muscles
Term
Select the correct statement about lymphocytes
Definition
B cells produce plasma cells that secrete antibodies into the blood
Term
A ring of lymphoid tissue that appears as a swelling in the oral cavity mucosa is a
Definition
Tonsil
Term
Peyers Patches are found in the
Definition
small intestine
Term
What is a bubo?
Definition
an infected lymph node
Term
the thymus is the only lymphoid organ that does not
Definition
directly fight antigens
Term
Particularly large clusters of lymph nodes occur in all of the following locations except
Definition
Lower Extremeties
Term
Functions of the lymphatic system include
Definition
Transport of excess tissue fluid to the blood vascular system
Term
The tonsils located at the base of the tongue are the
Definition
lingual tonsils
Term
Which is not a normal component of lymph?
Definition
Red blood cells
Term
What effect does age have on the size of the thymus?
Definition
The thymus initially increases in size and then decreases in size from adolescence through old age
Term
Which of the following is characteristic of antibodies?
Definition
Composed of heavy and light polypeptide chains
Term
Which is the following is associated with passive immunity?
Definition
Passage of IgG antibodies from a pregnant mother to her fetus
Term
Which of the following is not a type of T Cell?
Definition
Antigenic
Term
B lymphocytes develop immunocompetence in the
Definition
bone marrow
Term
Which of the following is NOT a function of the inflammatory response?
Definition
Replaces injured tissue with connective tissue
Term
The redness and heat of an inflamed area are due to a local hyperemia caused by
Definition
Vasodilation
Term
The system that recognizes foreign molecules and acts to immobilize neutralize and destroy them is the
Definition
immune system
Term
The antibody is held together by ____ bonds
Definition
disulfide
Term
in the clonal selection of b cells which substance determines which B cell will eventually be cloned?
Definition
Antigen
Term
The only T cells that can directly attack and kill other cells are the
Definition
Cytotoxic cells
Term
______ predominate at sites of chronic infection
Definition
Macrophages
Term
Which of the following is part of the second line of defense against microorganisms?
Definition
Phagocytes
Term
B cells respond to the original antigen challenge by
Definition
Producting progeny cells that include plasma cells and memory cells
Term
Cancer cells and virus infected body cells can be killed before the adaptive immune system is activated by
Definition
natural killer cells
Term
which of the following is not specific to the adaptice immune system?
Definition
It is specific for a given organ
Term
Innate immune system defenses include
Definition
phagocytosis
Term
Fever _______
Definition
production is regulated by chemicals that reset the body's thermostat to a higher setting
Term
Helper T Cells ______
Definition
Function in the adaptive immune system activation
Term
Cytotoxic T cells
Definition
Are the only t cells that can directly attack and kill other cells
Term
Clonal selection of B cells
Definition
Results in the formation of plasma cells
Term
Where are podocytes located?
Definition
Glomerulus
Term
Where is the nephron primary filtrate the most concentrated?
Definition
bend in the loop of henle
Term
the glomerulus differs from most other capillaries in the body because
Definition
is is drained by an efferent arteriole
Term
The decending limb of the loop of henle
Definition
contains fluid that becomes more concentrated as it moves down into the medulla
Term
The functional and structural unit of the kidney is the
Definition
the nephron
Term
the chief force pushing water and dissolved solutes across the glomerular filtration structure is
Definition
glomerular hydrostatic pressure (blood pressure)
Term
The first major branch of the renal artery is
Definition
segmental
Term
the mechanism of water reabsorption by the renal tubules is
Definition
osmosis
Term
Reabsorption of high levels of glucose and amino acids in the filtrate is acomplished by
Definition
secondary active transport
Term
Excretion of dilute urine requires
Definition
impermeability of the collectine tubule to water
Term
Alcohol acts as a diuretic because it
Definition
inhibits the release of ADH
Term
the function of angiotensis II is to
Definition
constrict arterioles and increase blood pressure
Term
the glomerular filtrate is similar to the blood in composition except that it does not have significan amounts of
Definition
proteins
Term
the juxaglomerular aparatus is responsible for
Definition
regulating the rate of filtration formation and controlling systemic blood pressure
Term
the fatty tissue surrounding the kidney is imporant because
Definition
it stabilizes the kidneys by holding them in their normal position
Term
which gland sits atop each kidney
Definition
adrenal
Term
the kidneys are stimulated to produce rennin
Definition
by a decrease in blood pressure
Term
An increase in the permeability of cells of the collecting tubule to water is due to
Definition
an increase in the production of adh
Term
which statement is true about urine
Definition
urine has nitrogenous wastes like urea and uric acid
Term
which is not a force affecting the direction and magnitude of gloerular filtration in nephrons?
Definition
capular colloid osmotic pressure
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