Term
| originally it was the thyroglossal duct, but it closed off to form the foramen cecum(hopefully) |
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Definition
| name the endoderm structure in the middle of the tongue (name the adult remnant and the original name) |
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Term
superior parathyroid = 4th arch
inferior parathyroid = 3rd arch
(the arches rotate as they descend) |
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Definition
| what arches form the parathyroid? |
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Term
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Definition
| where are the lobes of the thyroid in relation to the isthmus? |
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Term
| the 2nd-4th tracheal rings |
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Definition
| what part of the trachea does the isthmus of the thyroid overlie? |
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Term
| a remnant of the thyroglossal duct, it extends upward from the isthmus |
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Definition
| what is a pyramidal process on the thyroid? |
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Term
| it tends to grow cysts which are benign, but rarely become cancerous |
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Definition
| why is a persistent thyroglossal duct bad? |
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Term
| the pass upward on the posterior surfaces of the thyroid lobes by the parathyroid glands |
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Definition
| where are the inferior thyroid arteries in relation to the lobes of the thyroid? |
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Term
| medial to the lobes, in the angle between the trachea and esophagus |
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Definition
| where are the recurrent laryngeal nerves in relation to the thyroid? |
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Term
| the carotid sheaths (posteriorly they might contact prevertebral muscles) |
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Definition
| what lies lateral to the lobes of the thyroid? |
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Term
| recurrent laryngeal nerve |
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Definition
| what nerves can get injured in thyroid surgery? |
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Term
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Definition
| what vessel does the inferior thyroid artery branch off of? |
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Term
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Definition
| what are the thyroid gland, larynx, and trachea deep to? |
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Term
| the carotid sheath, you can find the parathyroid glands |
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Definition
| what does the inferior thyroid artery pass posterior to to reach the thyroid? what can you locate by following this artery? |
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Term
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Definition
| what besides the inferior thyroid artery passes behind the carotid sheath on the left? |
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Term
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Definition
| what veins drain the thyroid? |
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Term
a midline artery to the thyroid that occurs in 10% of patients that can be in the way of a trachiotomy
it would branch off the brachiocephalic artery, the aortic arch, or the left common carotid artery |
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Definition
| what is the thyroid ima artery? what does it branch off of? |
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Term
| the confluence of sinuses |
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Definition
| what is deep to the external occipital protuberance? |
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Term
| the confluence of sinuses (where the transverse sinus, the straight sinus, and perisagittal sinus drain) |
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Definition
| what is deep to the external occipital protuberance? |
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Term
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Definition
| what structure is easily palapable behind the external auditory meatus underneath the ear lobe? |
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Term
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Definition
| what spinal level is the angle of the mandible? |
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Term
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Definition
| what spinal level is the mandibular symphysis? |
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Term
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Definition
| what spinal level is the hyoid? |
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Term
| below the margin of the posterior half of the mandibular corpus |
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Definition
| where is the hyoid palpable? |
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Term
| the hypoglossal nerve(CN XII) |
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Definition
| what nerve runs just above the greater horn of the hyoid at C3-C4 near the base of the tongue? |
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Term
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Definition
| what spinal level is the thyroid cartilage anterior to? |
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Term
| anterior to C6, attaches to the trachea |
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Definition
| what spinal level does the cricoid cartilage sit anterior to? what is it attached to? |
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Term
| 1 fingerbreadth below the cricoid cartilage (C6) overlying 2nd-4th rings of the trachea |
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Definition
| how can you estimate the location of the thyroid isthmus? |
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Term
| as high as the thyroid cartilage |
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Definition
| how far superior do the lobes of the thyroid extend? |
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Term
isthmus is covered by the infrahyoid muscles and the platysma
the lobes are covered by SCM
this makes the thyroid hard to palpate |
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Definition
| what muscles cover the isthmus of the thyroid? what covers the lobes? |
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Term
the carotid axis is an invisible line from the sternoclavicular joint to the external auditory meatus (EAM)
the carotid arteries (common, external, internal) can be found beneath it |
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Definition
| where is the carotid axis, and what is found beneath it? |
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Term
| the superior end of the larynx (C4) |
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Definition
| where is the carotid bifrucation? |
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Term
| the external is more anterior and superficial |
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Definition
| above the bifurcation, which is more anterior, the internal or external carotid? |
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Term
C6
the vessel can be compressed backward against the tubercle to control bleeding |
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Definition
the common carotid artery runs just in front of the anterior tubercule(aka carotid tubercle) of the transverse process of what vertebra?
why do you need to know this? |
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Term
| jugular foramen, deep to the interval between the EAM and the mastoid process |
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Definition
| where does the IJV originate? |
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Term
| it runs on the axis superficial to the carotid arteries, but deep to SCM |
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Definition
| where is the IJV on the carotid axis? |
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Term
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Definition
| what nerve/structure lies on the lateral side of the IJV between IJV and SCM? |
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Term
| the IJV is DEEP to BOTH OF THESE MUSCLES!! |
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Definition
| where is IJV in relation to posterior digastric(superiorly) and omohyoid(inferiorly)? |
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Term
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Definition
| this muscle runs parallel to the carotid axis and covers the contents of the carotid sheath (IJV, vagus, carotids). It also covers the ansa cervicalis |
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Term
| medial to the anterior margin of the SCM's lower half |
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Definition
| where can you feel the pulse of the common carotid artery? |
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Term
| anterior to the SCM just below the angle of the mandible |
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Definition
| where can you feel the pulse of the external carotid artery? |
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Term
| lateral to SCM, just above the middle third of the clavicle (bottom of posterior triangle) |
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Definition
| where can the pulse of the subclavian be felt? |
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Term
| the external jugular vein |
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Definition
| what vein runs downward over the superficial surface of SCM behind the angle of the mandible toward the midpoint of the clavicle? |
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Term
| the great auricular nerve (C2-C3) |
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Definition
| the external jugular vein runs with the SCM inferiorly, what does it travel with in its upper half? |
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Term
| sensory nerves from ventral rami of the cervical plexus and CN XI |
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Definition
| what nerves radiate from the midpoint of the SCM's posterior edge? |
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Term
| the TMJ, just deep and anterior to spinosum is the foramen ovale |
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Definition
| the foramen spinosum lies just deep to what? what lies just deep to it? |
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Term
1) hypoglossal canal
2) carotid canal
3) styloid process
4) EAM |
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Definition
| list these structures from deep to superficial styloid process, EAM, hypoglossal canal, carotid canal |
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Term
stylomastoid foramen(facial nerve)
slightly deeper is the jugular foramen (IJV, CN IX, X, XI) |
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Definition
| what nerve lies just deep to the interval between the EAM and the tip of the mastoid? |
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Term
the supra orbital foramen/notch
palpated between the medial and middle thirds of the superior margin of the orbit |
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Definition
| where does the supraorbital nerve emerge from the skull? where is this palpated? |
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Term
the infraorbital is 1cm below the lower orbital margin straight below the supraorbital
the mental nerve is straight down from this 1/2 way between the upper and lower borders of the mandibular corpus |
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Definition
| how do you estimate the position of the infra orbital nerve and mental nerve? |
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