Term
| You experience abnormal events in your left pleural cavity, does this effect the right? Why? |
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Definition
| No, pleural cavities completely separated by mediastinum |
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Term
| Do you need to open the pleural cavities to surgically access the mediastinum? Why? |
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Definition
| No, because the pleural cavities completely separated by mediastinum |
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Term
| You experience an injury on the left side of your neck near the root. Are you at risk for any other injuries? Why? |
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Definition
Yes. Abnormal events to root of neck can involve adjacent pleura and lung because pleural cavities extend above rib I. The apex of each lung is in root of neck
Injury to adjacent pleura/lung can affect root of neck
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Term
| WHat is the costadiaphragmatic recess and what is its physiological significance? |
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Definition
Excess potential space of pleural cavity that lies inferiorly between thoracic wall and diaphragm
Accomodates changes in lung volume during breahting |
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Term
| What is the sternal angle used for? |
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Definition
| To determine the position of rib II as reference for counting ribs |
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Term
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Definition
| Because of overlying clavicle. Therefore must use sternal angle to count from rib II |
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Term
| You damage your spinal cord at C6. Will you be able to breathe? |
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Definition
| Yes. Diaphragm innervated by phrenic nerves arising from C3, C4, and C5. Mostly C5. Spinal cord injuries BELOW level of origin of phrenic nerve do not affect movement of diaphragm |
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Term
| You see pitting of the skin on your patient's breast. What does this indicate and why? |
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Definition
| Indicates carcinoma that creates tension of suspensory ligaments of breast that creates the pitting |
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Term
| Where does the upper lateral region of the breast extend to and what is the clinical significance? |
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Definition
| Region of the breast can project around the lateral margin of the pectoralis major muscle and into the axilla. This axillary process/tail can perforate deep fascia and go as far as apex of axilla. Can easily spread cancer to other areas of body through axilla. |
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Term
| What does diaphragmatic pain usually present as? Why? |
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Definition
| Shoulder pain because phrenic nerve crosslinks with shoulder |
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