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Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
09/09/2009

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

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Term
histology
Definition
study of tissues
Term
Matrix
Definition
Extracellular material that surrounds cells
Term
how to study tissues
Definition
chemicals, histological sections, stain
Term
Epithelial tissue
Definition
one or more layers of closely adhearing cells, exposed surface
Term
simple epithelium
Definition
every cell touches basment membrane
Term
stratified epithelium
Definition
come cells rest on top of each other
Term
simple squamous epithelial
Definition
thin scaley
Term
simple cubidial
Definition
square
Term
simple columnar
Definition
taller than wider
Term
simple squamous epithelium
Definition
single layer of squamous cells
Term
stratified epithelia
Definition
range from 2-20 layers of cells some not all on BM
Term
keratonized epithelium
Definition
found on skin surface and covered with dead squamous cells
Term
nonkeratanized epithelia
Definition
non dead surface layer......vagina
Term
Fibourous connective proper (connective tissue proper)
Definition
most diverse connective tissue, all connective tissues contain fibers, but the tissues considered here are classified together because fibers are so conspicuous
Term
fibroblasts cells
Definition
prodouce the fibers and ground substance
Term
microphages cells
Definition
wander through the connective tissues
Term
lukocytes cells
Definition
react against bacteria,, toxins, and other foreign agents
Term
plasma cells
Definition
synthesize disease fighting proteins, called antibodies
Term
mast cells
Definition
secrete a chemical called heparin that clots blood
Term
adipocytes, fat cells
Definition
appear in small clusters in some fibrous connective tissues
Term
collagenous fibers
Definition
tough, flexible, and resist stretching
Term
reticular fiber
Definition
form a sponge like framework for such organs as the spleen and lymph nodes
Term
elastic fibers
Definition
thinner than collagenous fibers made of a protein called elastin which lets it recoil like a rubber band
Term
loose connective tissue
Definition
much of the space is occupied by ground substance
Term
dense connective tissue
Definition
fiber occupies more than space than the cells and ground substance, and appears closely packed
Term
chondrocytes
Definition
cartilage cells
Term
lacunae
Definition
what cartlilage is enclosed by
Term
hyaline cartilage
Definition
clear glassy matrix
Term
bone tissue (osseous tissue)
Definition
composed of multiple tissue types
Term
central canals
Definition
blood vessels and nerves through the bone
Term
lamellae
Definition
bone martix is deposited into this
Term
central canal + lamellae =
Definition
osteon
Term
osteocytes
Definition
lacunao between the lamellae are occupied by osteocytes
Term
canaliculi
Definition
these radiate from each lacuna to its neighbors and allow the osteocytes to contact each other.
Term
blood
Definition
a liquid connective tissue that travels through tubular vessels
Term
erythrocytes (red blood cells)
Definition
transport oxygen and carbon dioxide
Term
leukocytes (white blood cells)
Definition
various roles against infection and other diseases
Term
platelets
Definition
blood clotting
Term
nervous tissue
Definition
specialized for rapid communication by means of electrical and chemical signals
Term
neurons (nerve cells)
Definition
what nervous tissues are made of, specialized to detect stimuli, respond quickly and transmt info rapidly
Term
glial cells (neuroglia)
Definition
protect the neurons
Term
soma (cell body)
Definition
houses nucleus and most organelles
Term
dendrites
Definition
receive signals from other cells and transmitt messages to soma
Term
axon
Definition
send outgoing signals to other cells
Term
muscle fibers
Definition
long cylindrical cells
Term
skeletal muscle
Definition
fibers arranged parallel, striated, multiple nuclei, voluntary
Term
cardiac muscle
Definition
cells are much shorter and commonly called MYOCYTES rather than fibers, the myocytes are joined end to end by junctions called intercalated discs
Term
smooth muscle
Definition
lacks striations, involuntary, they are fusiform and short.
Term
gland
Definition
a cell or organ that secretes substances for use in the body or elimination as waste
Term
hormones
Definition
chemical messengers to stimulate cells elsewhere in the body
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